Water Pollution and Treatment

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Chapter 22

• Water Pollution and Treatment

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Biochemical Oxygen Demand

• The amount of oxygen required for biochemical
  decomposition process.
• 3 zones
• A pollution zone
• An active decomposition
• zone
• A recovery zone
• When BOD levels are
• high, DO is low

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This diagram shows the relationship between DO
and BOD.
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Waterborne Disease

• Outbreaks of waterborne diseases
• Milwaukee, WI - Cryptosporidium
• Fecal Coliform Bacteria
• Walkerton, ON E. coli

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Nutrients

• Eutrophication
• The process by which a body of water develops a
  high concentration of nutrients
• Cultural Eutrophication
• When eutrophication is accelerated by human
  processes that add nutrients to a body of water

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Exxon Valdez 1989
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Ocean Floor Video
BP Gulf Oil Spill
BP Coast Ad
BP Spill
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Acid Mine Drainage

• Water with a high concentration of sulfuric acid
  that drains from mines
• Serious water pollution problem
• Damages aquatic ecosystems, pollutes bodies of
  water and degrades water quality

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Surface Water Pollution

• Water Pollutants are emitted from
• Point Sources
• Distinct and confined sources such as pipes from
  industrial or sites
• Nonpoint Sources
• Diffused and intermittent
• Ex) runoffs from streets

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Identify these as a local point source of
pollution or non-point source of pollution
EB Video
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Groundwater Pollution

• Bioremediation
• a method of treating
• groundwater pollution
• problems that utilizes
• microorganisms in the
• ground to consume or
• break down pollutants

Semper Fi Trailer
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Wastewater Treatment

• Septic Tank Disposal Systems
• Waste Treatment Plants
• Primary Treatment
• Secondary Treatment
• Advanced Treatment
• Chlorine Treatment

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Wastewater Renovation and Conservation Cycle

• Steps
• 1. Return of treated wastewater to crops
• 2. Renovation or natural purification by slow
  percolation of the wastewater into soil to
  eventually recharge the groundwater resource with
  clean water
• 3. Reuse of the treated water

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Water Reuse

• Inadvertent
• water is withdrawn, treated and returned to the
  environment
• Indirect
• Ex) the wastewater renovation and conservation
  cycle
• Direct
• The use of treated wastewater that is piped
  directly from a treatment plant to the next user

CA Wastewater reuse
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Water Pollution and Environmental Law

• Environmental Law
• The branch of law dealing with conservation and
  use of natural resources and control of pollution
• Clean Water Act
• Safe Drinking Water Act