DOG BREEDS

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DOG BREEDS
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Dog breeds

• DNA evidence now suggests that dogs are directly
  related to wolves
• Species name is now Canis lupus
• Breed variation is great, from chihuahua
  (weighing about 3 kg) through to breeds in excess
  of 80kg
• About 400 breeds worldwide

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Dog breeds

• A breed is an animal that will produce a
  similar type if mated with an animal of the same
  breed
• Breeds are produced by selection for particular
  behaviours and physical appearances
• Breeds are placed into categories for the purpose
  of showing

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HOUNDS

• All dogs in this group will pursue game (animals
  or human), corner it and, in some cases, alert
  the human to its presence (barking, yodelling
  etc)
• Scent hounds eg beagles, fox hounds
• Sight hounds eg greyhounds, borzoi
• Some breeds with combination eg Pharaoh Hound
• All purpose hounds eg the Spitz dogs

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AFGHAN HOUND

• Sight hounds
• Long fur, any colour
• Males 27kg, females 23kg
• Not known for road sense

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AMERICAN FOXHOUND

• Used for field trials and racing, hunting with
  gun
• Any colour, short coat
• Weight 30-34kg
• Excellent scent hunters
• Difficult to train

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BASENJI

• Originally from central Africa
• Guard dog, companion and hunter
• Short coat, should be white on chest, feet and
  tail tip
• Males 11kg
• Have no odour
• Yodel, can be destructive

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BASSET FAUVE DE BRETAGNE

• From Brittany, France
• Harsh, dense coat, gold, red or fawn
• 16-18kg
• Relatively new to Australia

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BEAGLE
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BASSET HOUND

• French monks used in middle ages for hunting,
  modern breed from cross breeding with bloodhounds
• 32kg
• Tenacious hunters, although tend to be lazy
  otherwise
• Smallest of pack hounds
• Very popular worldwide
• Very enthusiastic
• 9kg
• Dense short coat, waterproof
• Can be hard to train

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BLOODHOUND

• Very old breed (7C)
• Blood refers to bloodstock and is referring to
  superior breeding
• Coat is short, smooth and waterproof
• Dogs up to 50kg
• Black and tan, liver and tan, solid red
• Can be difficult to handle

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BORZOI

• Sighthound, from Russia, used for bringing down
  wolves
• Coat is long, silky, flat or curly, any colour
• Up to 48kg
• Can be temperamental, difficult to train

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COONHOUND

• Bred from bloodhounds
• Short dense coat, black and tan is normal
• Up to 41kg
• Can be aggressive

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DACHSHUND

• Means badger dog
• Short legs, strong jaws
• Different sizes
• Coat may be smooth, wirey or long
• Up to 12kg for large versions, 4.5kg for small
• Should be well trained as they can be disobedient
  and wilful

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GREYHOUND

• Middle East?
• Sighthound/gazehound
• Up to 32kg- racing dogs are often heavier
• Fast with good stamina
• Quiet animals
• Will chase small furries

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IRISH WOLFHOUND

• Very old breed
• Tallest breed
• Coat is rough, hard and shaggy
• Dogs up to 54 kg
• Usually very people friendly, although can be
  very possessive

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PHARAOH HOUND

• Very old breed
• Fine or slightly harsh coat, short and glossy
• About 20kg
• Good hunter
• Doesnt like cold conditions

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RHODESIAN RIDGEBACK

• Developed for hunting in Africa- lions etc
• Short dense coat, glossy and sleek
• Colour light wheaten to red wheaten
• Up to 36 kg
• Robust personality, good climber
• May hunt smaller animals

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SALUKI

• Sight hound
• North Africa, very old breed
• Coat is soft and silky, with feathering
• Many different colours
• Can be destructive if left alone

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SLOUGHI

• Sighthound from North Africa
• Not common
• 13.5kg

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WHIPPET

• Small sighthound
• Coat is fine, dense and short, any colour
• Up to 13.5 kg
• Make good pets, gentle and affectionate

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GUNDOGS

• Bred to assist in the hunting and retrieving of
  game
• Search for quarry by scent, points or sets,
  flushes game and retrieves game
• Coats tend to be weatherproof
• Tend to be loyal, trainable, friendly
• Less likely to be noisy (scares off game)
• Pointers, Setters, Retrievers, and all purpose
  dogs

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BRACCO ITALIANO

• Mixed gundog and hound
• Fine dense glossy coat
• Up to 40kg
• Friendly and docile
• In Australia?

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BRITTANY SPANIEL

• From France, hunts, points and retrieves
• Coat is flat and dense, fine and wavy
• About 18kg
• Active, trainable

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ENGLISH SETTER

• One of oldest gundog breeds
• Coat is wavy, long and silky
• Weight up to 30kg
• Very active, needs good training if a pet
• Excellent hunting dog

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GERMAN SHORTHAIRED POINTER

• Hunts, points and retrieves
• Coat is short, dense and flat
• Weight up 32kg
• Very powerful, need plenty of exercise if to be
  pets
• Easily trained

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GORDON SETTER

• Scottish origin
• Coat soft and glossy, straight or with slight
  wave
• Colour coal black with tan markings.
• Up to 29kg

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HUNGARIAN VIZSLA

• Tail docked to 2/3 of length
• Very active dogs
• Short smooth dense and glossy coat, rusty gold
• Weight up to 30kg
• Require a great deal of exercise

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IRISH SETTER

• Have reputation for single mindedness
• Coat should be flat and free from wave or curl,
  rich chestnut red
• Up to 32kg
• Very active dog, high maintenance

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KOOIKERHONDJE

• Dutch
• Used to trap swimming ducks into nets
• Fairly new breed internationally
• 11kg

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NOVIA SCOTIA DUCK TOLLING RETRIEVER

• Canadian, arrived in Britain in 1988
• Supposedly uses its tail to attract ducks and
  then retrieves the kills
• Double coat
• Up to 23kg
• Good pet?

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POINTER

• Spanish?
• Short fine coat
• Very strong for size, good endurance and speed

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CURLY COATED RETRIEVER

• Common in some parts of Aust and NZ
• Coat is very curly, black or liver
• Up to 36kg
• Trainable, requires much exercise

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GOLDEN RETRIEVER

• One of most popular breeds of dog in world
• Multi purpose apart from hunting- guide, PAT,
  sniffer, pet
• Flat or wavy coat, with dense undercoat
• Up to 36 kg
• Very trainable, usually docile

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LABRADOR RETRIEVER

• Also very popular, similar to Golden
• Coat is short and dense, gold, black or liver
• Up to 34 kg
• Also very trainable, docile, soft mouthed

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AMERICAN COCKER SPANIELS

• Smallest of gundogs
• Medium length coat, silky and flat or slightly
  wavy
• Weight up to 13kg
• Usually very friendly, there have been lines with
  aggressive tendencies

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ENGLISH SPRINGER SPANIEL

• Long dense and soft coat
• Used to flush game
• Up to 21kg
• Needs lots of exercise

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SUSSEX SPANIEL
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WEIMERANER

• Hunting, pointing and retrieving dog
• Coat is short and sleek, different shades of grey
• Up to 27kg
• Has a reputation for lack of road sense

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TERRIERS

• Terrier comes from latin word for earth- bred
  to chase and hunt animals in burrows, dens etc
• Most are small to medium size, tenacious and
  strong
• Have a reputation for picking fights with other
  dogs

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AIREDALE TERRIER

• Largest terrier
• Sometimes used as guard dog
• Coat is hard and wiry, dense
• About 20kg
• Can be a problem with smaller animals

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AUSTRALIAN TERRIER

• One of only a few terriers from outside Britain
• Long, straight and hard coat, either blue or
  sandy
• 6kg
• Tough and lively

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BEDLINGTON TERRIER

• Old terrier
• Thick and linty coat, blue, blue and tan, liver
  and sandy
• Gentle appearance, but typical terrier temperament

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BULL TERRIER

• Derived from terriers and bulldogs
• Bred for fighting, amongst other things
• Short, flat coat
• Up to 33kg
• Generally good with people, can be problem with
  other dogs/cats

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CAIRN TERRIER

• From Isle of Skye in Scotland
• Coat is thick and harsh outer with close
  undercoat
• Weight to 7.5kg
• Very alert, fearless, may fight with larger dogs

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DANDIE DINMONT TERRIER

• From border of Scotland and England
• Double coat
• Up to 11kg
• Makes a more suitable pet than many other
  terriers, although can be wilful

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SMOOTH HAIRED FOX TERRIER

• Very popular terrier
• Coat is smooth, short, hard and dense
• Weight 7-8kg
• Unlikely to withdraw readily from a fight,
  usually peaceable

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WIREHAIRED FOX TERRIER
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GLEN OF IMAAL TERRIER

• Irish
• Not common
• Medium length, coarse coat, blue, wheaten and
  brindle
• Weight up to 16kg
• Likes water, good pet animal

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KERRY BLUE TERRIER

• Irish
• Coat is soft and wavy, blue
• Puppies born black
• Weight up to 17kg
• Can be a good guard dog, high maintenance coat

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NORFOLK TERRIER AND NORWICH TERRIER

• Dropped ears are Norfolk, prick ears Norwich
• Coat is hard, straight and wiry
• Weight 5.5kg
• Tough and active, diggers.

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JACK RUSSELL TERRIER

• Tough, active dog
• Hard, dense and close coat
• Weight 6.5kg
• Can be destructive, suffer from small dog
  syndrome

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SCOTTISH TERRIER

• Outercoat is dense, hard and wiry, the undercoat
  is short, soft and dense
• Colours back, wheaten and brindle
• 10kg
• Excellent guard dog, very active and alert

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SEALYHAM TERRIER

• Derived from terriers and corgis
• Hard, wiry coat with weather resistant undercoat
• 9kg
• Perhaps less active than other terriers and
  therefore less destructive

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SKYE TERRIER

• Bred to hunt foxes, martens, otters etc
• Outercoat is long, hard and straight. Undercoat
  is woolly and soft
• 11kg
• Good watchdog, very loyal

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STAFFORDSHIRE BULL TERRIER

• Bulldog and terrier cross
• Bred for fighting bulls and bears
• Coat is smooth and short
• 17kg
• Needs to be trained and handled with confidence
• May be a problem with other dogs and cats

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WEST HIGHLAND WHITE TERRIER

• Harsh, long coat, without curls
• Should be pure white
• 8.5kg
• Very lively, friendly personality
• Can be good watchdog

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NON SPORTING

• Australian grouping
• Various sizes types of dogs
• Range from Great Danes to Shih Tzu

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BOSTON TERRIER

• Derived from bulldogs and bull terriers
• National dog of America?
• Short and glossy coat
• Weight up to 11.5kg
• Strong willed and determined

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BULLDOG

• Bred to fight and bait bulls
• Coat is fine, close and short
• Weight up to 25kg
• Very friendly with people, can be aggressive
  towards other dogs

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CHOW CHOW

• Extremely old breed
• Spitz type
• Guard, hunting and food dog
• Either rough or smooth coat, thick undercoat
• Weight 25kg
• Very protective of pack and can be aggressive
  towards strangers

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DALMATION

• Spaniel background
• Short, dense, glossy coat
• Black or liver spots
• Very active, but can be good pet with appropriate
  training

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FRENCH BULLDOG

• Derived from English bulldog
• Short, close, glossy coat
• Weight 13kg
• Fairly quiet dog, can be a good pet

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FINNISH SPITZ

• One of several spitz breeds
• Bred to track game
• Fox like appearance
• Coat is double
• 16kg max
• Lively, needs lots of exercise

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GERMAN SPITZ

• Five varieties in Germany
• Double coat-long straight outer coat and soft
  wooly under coat
• Cheerful and friendly, coat can be high
  maintenance

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KEESHOND

• Holland
• Bred to guard on the barges
• Double coat
• Excellent watchdog, can be aloof with strangers
• About 19kg

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LHASA APSO

• Tibetan origin, watchdog
• Dense undercoat for cold weather
• 7kg
• Alert and watchful, but very playful with people
  that it knows

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POODLE

• Three sizes- toy, mini, standard
• Dense coat that doesnt moult
• Standards up to 34kg
• Extremely trainable, can be excellent guard dogs,
  surprisingly robust

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SHAR PEI

• Bred as guard, herding and hunting dog
• Coat is short and hard
• Active, can be unpredictable

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GREAT DANE

• German dog
• Up to 54kg
• Very tall, short lifespan
• Can become overprotective of human companions

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SHIH TZU

• Tibetan origin, developed in China
• Long, straight and dense coat
• Weight about 6kg
• Enthusiastic dog that fits well into families
• Coat is high maintenance

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WORKING DOGS

• More breeds than any other- can be split into
  working dogs and herding dogs
• Working dogs do a variety of jobs- guarding,
  herding, pulling loads or sleds, law enforcement,
  rescue work etc
• Great diversity of size and shape
• Highly bred group- usually old breeds

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ANATOLIAN SHEPHERD

• Developed from mastiffs
• Black muzzle and ears, coat is short, flat and
  dense
• Up to 64kg
• Guard dog

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AUSTRALIAN CATTLE DOG

• Dingo?, Dalmation and bulldog heritage
• Double coat, outer is weather resistant
• Up to 20kg
• Prone to obesity if not worked, temperament can
  be questionable
• Untiring when working

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ROUGH COLLIE

• Up to 30kg
• High maintenance
• Have a reputation for being snappy
• Can be very good guards

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COLLIE SMOOTH
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BEARDED COLLIE

• Lean under all the fur, very active
• Double coat
• Up to 27kg
• Great stamina, considered a very people friendly
  working dog

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BELGIAN SHEPHERD

• Three separate coat types and four coat colours
• Basic body shape same for all types
• Groenendaelblack
• Tervueren red, fawn or grey with black tipping
• Malinoisshorter coat, same colour as above
• Laekenoiswiry but not curled coat, reddish fawn
  with black shading

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KOMONDOR

• Bigger than Puli, used as guard dog, has white
  coat
• Up to 60kg
• Not suited for living in cities
• Coat is high maintenance

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BORDER COLLIE

• From border of England and Scotland
• Very popular breed in Australia
• Controls stock by eye
• Can exhibit behavioural problems if not working

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GERMAN SHEPHERD DOG

• Once the most popular breed in world
• Many genetic faults, now attempting to eliminate
• Up to 37kg
• Temperament can vary depending on lines used

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HUNGARIAN PULI

• Sheepdog
• Easily recognised by coat
• Up to 15kg
• Tends to be wary of strangers

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KELPIE

• Older breed than cattle dog
• Up to 20.5 kg
• Can be difficult to deal with if not working
• Wary of strangers
• Great stamina and will to work

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CORGIS

• Pembroke (no tail) and Cardigan (tail)
• Cattle dogs
• Both about 11kg
• Reputation for being snappy particularly the
  males
• Trainable

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OLD ENGLISH SHEEPDOG

• Shaggy coat, undercoat is waterproof
• Up to 37kg
• Very active dog that loves to play and be with
  people
• High maintenance coat

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MAREMMA SHEEPDOG

• Large dog with thick long coat
• Bred to bond with stock animals and therefore
  doesnt always make good pet
• Up to 45kg
• Very brave

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BOUVIER DES FLANDRES

• Belgium and France
• Name means Flanders Ox driver
• Coarse, thick coat
• Up to 40kg
• Excellent guard dogs, usually not aggressive

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BRIARD

• French sheep dog
• Long, slightly wavy coat, dense undercoat
• Up to 38.5kg
• May be used as guard dog, must be trained to get
  full benefit

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SHETLAND SHEEPDOG

• Sheepdog
• Up to 9kg
• High maintenance coat
• Otherwise undemanding

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UTILITY DOGS

• Many different sizes and shapes, for a variety of
  tasks
• Most breeds have an aptitude for guarding and
  defending
• Includes many of the spitz dogs

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BOXER

• Extremely vibrant dogs, need an owner with good
  discipline
• Up to 32 kg
• Short coat, dropped ears
• Very confident dog, can be good guard, can be dog
  aggressive

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BULLMASTIFF

• Very large dog, bred for guarding and
  accompanying gamekeepers
• Up to 59kg
• Not recommended for inexperienced owners, can be
  strong willed

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JAPANESE AKITA

• Also known as Akita Inularge dog
• Double coat
• Weight up to 50kg
• Bred for fighting and hunting
• Dominant personality, poor pet

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DOBERMANN

• Bred by a tax collector (Herr Dobermann)!
• Short, close lying coat
• Up to 38kg
• Very loyal and trainable pet
• Reputation probably unwarranted

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NEAPOLITAN MASTIFF

• Rare in Australia
• Very old breed
• Ugly, short coat
• Up to 70kg
• Bred to guard, not suitable for inexperienced
  owners

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SCHNAUZER

• German origin
• Placed with terriers in America
• Rough wiry coat
• Different sizes
• Very active dog, adapts well to family situations

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NEWFOUNDLAND

• Very large dog with oily waterproof double coat
• Up to 68kg
• Love water
• Docile and affectionate, but can still be good
  guards

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PYRENEAN MOUNTAIN DOG

• Guard dog against wolves and bears
• Double coat
• Usually white
• Make good pets if experienced handler
• At least 50kg for males

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ROTTWEILER

• Up to 50kg
• Bold, active, requires exercise
• Should be trained to harness natural guarding and
  working behaviours

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ALASKAN MALAMUTE

• Exact origin not known
• Largest of sled dogs
• Thick coarse outercoat, dense undercoat
• Up to 58kg
• People friendly, very dominant personality. Needs
  training and may resist discipline

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SAINT BERNARD

• Very recognisable breed
• Rough or smooth coated
• Up to 75kg
• Usually very placid dogs
• Many health problems

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SAMOYED

• Bred as guard for reindeer and to pull sleds
• Up to 23kg
• High maintenance coat, although they love
  attention

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SIBERIAN HUSKY

• Smaller than malamutes (27kg)
• Eyes can be blue
• Many coat colours
• Can be hard to train (except to pull!)
• Often dog (and cat) aggressive

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TOY DOGS

• Small
• Bred primarily as lap or pet dogs
• Often treated inappropriately by owners (as real
  toys) and therefore are very prone to
  behavioural abnormalities
• Very diverse group
• Extremely popular pets

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AUSTRALIAN SILKY TERRIER

• Also known as Sydney silky
• Straight long glossy coat
• 4kg

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BICHON FRISE

• Thick woolly coat
• Often mistaken for poodle with bad clip
• Always white
• 3-6kg

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BOLOGNESE

• Type of sauce used with pasta
• Italian dog
• Pure white
• Rare- 3-4kg

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CAVALIER KING CHARLES SPANIEL

• Very popular dog
• Very placid, forgiving
• 5-8kg
• Has some persistent health problems

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CHIHUAHUA

• Rounded head
• Often treated like spoilt brats and behave
  accordingly
• Short or long coated
• 1-3kg
• Can be aggressive

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CHINESE CRESTED DOG

• Rare
• Prone to sunburn
• Variety with full coat exists
• 5.5kg

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GRIFFON BRUXELLOIS

• Belgium
• Rat killer, alarm dog
• Rough and smooth coated varieties
• 2.5-5kg

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ITALIAN GREYHOUND

• Looks like greyhound, only smaller
• 3-4.5kg
• Very fine boned

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JAPANESE CHIN

• 2-3kg

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MALTESE

• Extremely popular
• See notes for chihuahua
• 2-3kg

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PAPILLON

• Name refers to butterfly appearance of ears
• Very trainable
• 3.5kg

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PEKINGESE

• Brachycephalic toy
• 5kg
• Many health problems
• Can be aggressive but poor dentition usually
  means cant deliver decent bite

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POMERANIAN

• Toy spitz
• 2-2.5kg
• Excellent alarm dogs

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PUG

• Another brachycephalic toy
• Many health problems
• Up to 8kg
• Usually very people friendly

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YORKSHIRE TERRIER

• 3kg
• Coat can be high maintenance

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