Transgenic Organisms

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Transgenic Organisms Cloning

• General Biology
• Lecture Notes

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Selective Breeding

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Section 13-3
Figure 13-9 Making Recombinant DNA
Gene for human growth hormone
Recombinant DNA
Gene for human growth hormone
DNA recombination
Human Cell
Sticky ends
DNA insertion
Bacterial Cell
Bacterial chromosome
Bacterial cell for containing gene for human
growth hormone
Plasmid
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Figure 13-10 Plant Cell Transformation
Section 13-3
Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Cellular DNA
Gene to be transferred
Inside plant cell, Agrobacterium inserts part of
its DNA into host cell chromosome
Recombinant plasmid
Plant cell colonies
Complete plant is generated from transformed cell
Transformed bacteria introduce plasmids into
plant cells
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• Transgenic Plant
• Transgenic tomato with tobacco mosaic virus
  coat protein protection against TMV infection

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Cloning Flowchart
Section 13-4
A body cell is taken from a donor animal.
An egg cell is taken from a donor animal.
The nucleus is removed from the egg.
The body cell and egg are fused by electric shock.
The fused cell begins dividing, becoming an
embryo.
The embryo is implanted into the uterus of a
foster mother.
The embryo develops into a cloned animal.
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Figure 13-13 Cloning of the First Mammal
Section 13-4
Donor Nucleus
A donor cell is taken from a sheeps udder.
These two cells are fused using an electric shock.
Fused Cell
Egg Cell
An egg cell is taken from an adult female sheep.
The nucleus of the egg cell is removed.
The fused cell begins dividing normally.
Foster Mother
Cloned Lamb
Embryo
The embryo is placed in the uterus of a foster
mother.
The embryo develops normally into a lambDolly
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