STING: A Statistical Information Grid Approach to Spatial Data Mining

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STING A Statistical Information Grid Approach to
Spatial Data Mining

• Wie Wang
• Jiong Yang
• Richard Muntz

???? ???? ?????
2
????? - Spatial Data Bases

• ??? ??????? ? DB ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????,
  ????? ???? ????????.
• ?????
• DB ?? ?? ???????? ????.
• DB ?????? ?????? ???????.

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????? - Spatial Data Mining

• ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????, ?????
  ??????? ???????, ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????.
• ?????? ???????
• ???????? ????? ????????? ?????.
• Clustering.
• ??????? ?????? ????.

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?????? ??????

• Spatial Data Mining - ?????? ??????.
• ??????? ?????? ???????. DBSCAN.
• STING
• ???? ???????
• ???? ??????? ??????
• ????????? ( ???????? ?????? ?????? )
• ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? STING ?- DBSCAN
• ?????

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Spatial Data Mining - ??????

• Region Query-
• ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????.
• ?????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?????? gt X ???? region
  query !
• Function of Region -
• ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????.
• ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????
  ???? X.

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??????? ??????

• ??? ?????? ?????? ???? spatial data mining ,??
  ????? ???????? ?? Clustering.
• ??? ??????????? ???? ?? ????? 3 ?????
• 1. ??? ?? ?????? ???????.
• 2. ??? ???? ?????? ?????.
• 3. ??? Clustering.
• ????????? ??????? (???????) ????? ????? ????? ??
  ??? DBSCAN.

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??????? ?????? - ???????

• ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????
  ?????? ????? ?????????? ? DB.
• ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ???? (????? ????
  ??????).

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DBSCAN(Ester,Kriegel,Sander,Xu)

• DBSCAN ??? ???????? Clustering.
• ????????? ????? ?? ??? ???????
• MinPoint - ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??.
• Epsilon - ???? ????? ???? ????? MinPoint.
• ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? Density Reachable.
• ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ? Cluster.

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DBSCAN

• ???????
• ????? ????? Clusters ??? ????.
• ????? ?????? ??? ?? ? Clusters.
• ???????
• ???????? ????????? ???
  ??????.
• ????????? ??? ???? ??????.

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STING Statistical Information Grid

• ????? ????? ???? ???????.
• ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?
  DB.
• ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? (??????) ??
  ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????.
• ???????? ????????? ??? ??-????????.

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STING Statistical Information Grid

• ??????? ??????? ????? ???????
• ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???????.?? ????
  ???? ?????.
• ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????.?????? ??? ?? 4
  ????.
• ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????????
  ??????.
• ????? ???????? ????? ??? ???.

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STING Statistical Information Grid
????
????
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STING Statistical Information Grid

• ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???
  n_objects
• ??? ??????? ???? ?????? (????).
• ??? ????? ????? ?????????? ????????
• mean - ????? ?????? (????? ??? ??????? ??????).
• std - ????? ???.
• min - ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????.
• max - ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????.
• distribution - ??? ???????? ( normal, uniform,
  none )

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STING????? ???

• ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? (?????????)
• ????
• distribution ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????
  ?????????. ??? ??????? ????? ????????.
• ???????
• ??????
• ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???????.
• ???? distribution - ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????
  ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????. ?? ?? ????
  ????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ? none.

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????? ??? - ?????
100 K
150 K
170 K
110 K
140 K
200 K
220 K
240 K
190 K
260 K
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STINGSupported Queries

• STING ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????
  ???? Region Queries , Function of Region.
• ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????????? ????????
• ????? 100 ???? ?????? ??? (??????).
• ????? 70 ?????? ????? ?? ??? 400,000.
• ??? ????? ??? ????? 120 ?????? ???.
• ???????? ?? ????? 0.9 (?????)

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????? house-map
SQL Query Select Region From house-map Where
Density in (3,?) And price Range (150000, ?)
with Percent (0.7,1) And Area (1, ?) And with
Confidence 0.9
100 K
150 K
170 K
110 K
140 K
200 K
220 K
240 K
190 K
260 K
?????? ???? ?? ?? ???????, ???? ??? ?? ????? 1
????? ???, ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? 3 ???? ?
70 ??? ????? 150,000 ????? ?????? ?? 0.9 .
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STING AlgorithmGeneral Idea

• ???? ????????? ??? ?????? SQL ?????.
• ????????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?????.
• ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????
  ????? ??????.
• ??????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??????????
• ?????, ?????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????
  ????????? ???????? ????.

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STING Algorithm
??? O(n_nodes) n_nodes ltlt n_obj

• 1. ???? ?? ????? ???????
• 2. ??? ?? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ???????.
  ??? ?? ??? ??????? ( ?? ?????? ?????)
• 3. ?? ?? ???? ????? ???????, ?? ???. ???? ? (2).
• ???? (???? ??????)
• 3.1 ?? ???????? ?????? ???????
• ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ????.
• 3.2 ????
• ???? ?? ? DB ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????????
  ???? ????? ????.
• ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????.

O(1)
O(n_nodes)
O(n_nodes)
?
O(n_nodes)
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STING Algorithm?????
SQL Query Select Region From house-map Where
Density in (3,?) And price Range (150000, ?)
with Percent (0.6,1) And Area (2, ?) And with
Confidence 0.8

• ??????? ?? ????? ???????.
• ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ????? gt
  150000.
• ????? ??-???? ??? ????? ???, ???? ???? ??-???-
  low,high (?????? 0.8) ????? ????? ????? gt
  150K.
• ??? area ??? ?? ???. ?? ????? ???, ?? ????? ???
  ??????? ?? high n_obj lt area 3 0.6
• ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?????????.
• ????? ?????, ????? ?? ?? ??????? ??????? ??
  ????? ??? ???? ????????.

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STING Algorithm????? ??????

• ???? ?????? ?? ?? ????? ????????? ???????, ????
  ????? ??????, ?? ????? ???? ???? BFS
• ??? ?? ???????, ?????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?????
  ????? ??? (?????).
• ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????, ?????? ?? ???
  ???????? ?? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????.
• ???? ???? ???, ?????? ????.

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STING????? ??????

• STING ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????
  ???????.
• ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??
  STING.
• ?????? ????? ( ???? ???? ?? min_area ) ?????? ??
  ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????.

min_area 4
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STING????? ??????

• ?????? ?? ????? ???? ??????, ?? ?????? ?????
  ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???? (???).

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STING??????? ????????

• ???????
• ???????? ??? ???? ??-???????.
• ???? ?????? ????? ?????.
• ???????
• ????? ?????? ??????? ????.
• ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????? / ????????.
• ???? ????? ??? ?? ? DB ?????.

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STING Vs. DBSCANIn theory

• ???? ?????? ?? STING ? DBSCAN ?? ?? ????? ?????
  ?????????? ???.
• ??????? ???????? ?? STING ?? ??????? ????
  ???????? ?? DBSCAN.
• ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? STING ?? ?????????
  ??????? (?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????), ???? ??? ??
  DBSCAN.

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STING ???????

• ??????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????.
• STING ????? ????? ?? Region Query.
• ???? ?? ?? ??????? 100,000 ?????????.
• ????? ???????? ???? 7 ?????.
• ?????? 1 ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????
  ?????.
• ?????? 2 ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????
  ?????.
• ??? ????? ??? 10 ?????.
• ??? ????? ??????? 0.2 ????.

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STING ???????
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STING Vs. DBSCAN?????? ???????

• ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? clustering
  (?????? ?? ??????).
• ??? ????? ?????? ?? DBSCAN ???? ????.
• ???? STING ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????.
• ??????? ????? ??????? SEQUOIA 2000 (benchmark).
• ?????? ???? DBSCAN ????? ?? ????? ??????.
• ??? ?? STING ???? 6 ????.

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STING Vs. DBSCAN?????? ???????
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?????

• Spatial Data Mining ????? ???????? ?????? ????.
• ??? ??????????? ??????? ??? ?????? clustering
  (?????? DBSCAN)
• STING ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??
  ? DB ??????.
• STING ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????
  ???????? ?????? ????.
• STING ???? ????? ? DBSCAN.