SOCIOLOGY of EDUCATION

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SOCIOLOGY of EDUCATION

• SPECIAL EDUCATION AND INEQUALITY THE DEAF
  COMMUNITY-cultural practices collective identity

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Special Education

• The movement for an organized system of special
  education is often cited as beginning after WW2
• Parent-organized groups (such as the American
  Association on Mental Deficiency, United Cerebral
  Palsy Association or the Muscular Dystrophy
  Association) using the discourse of the Civil
  Rights Movement advocated for increased school
  access

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Special education-advocacy

• By the 1960s a framework had been established at
  state and local levels

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Special education

• Continued advocacy led to federal laws being
  created, such as
• the Education for All Handicapped Children Act
  (1975) law designed to support states and
  localities in protecting the rights of, meeting
  the individual needs of, and improving the
  results for infants, toddlers, children and
  youths with disabilities and their families.

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THE EDUCATION FOR ALL HANDICAPPED CHILDREN ACT

•  
• The Education for all Handicapped Children Act
  proved to be the cornerstone of special
  education, requiring public schools to provide
• "free appropriate public education" to students
  with a wide range of disabilities, including
  physical handicaps, mental retardation, speech,
  vision and language problems, emotional and
  behavioral problems, and other learning
  disorders.
• The law also stipulated that school districts
  provide schooling in the "least restrictive
  environment" possible.

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IDEA

• Before the Education for all Handicapped
  Children Act, many children with disabilities
  were denied access to public education
  altogether.
• Today, this law is considered responsible for
  providing special education opportunities to more
  than 6.5 million children and 200,000 infants,
  toddlers, and families each year.

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IDEA

• After extensions of the law in 1983 and 1986, in
  1990, services and eligibility were again
  expanded and the law was renamed the Individuals
  with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).

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Education Deafness

• Annette Lareau and John Ogbu discuss the
  intersection of race and class in family life
  and the idea of collective identity
  respectively.
• How can these concepts be applied to the Deaf
  community?

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FIRST REFERENCES

• OLD TESTAMENT
• NEW TESTAMENT

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European Foundations/Cultural and Language Frames
of Reference

• Pierre Desloges
• Deaf Parisians-1779
• Melchor De Yebra
• 16th Century-notations of a hand alphabet
• Juan Pablo Bonet-1620
• Abbe Charles Michael de L'Épée-1st signs

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Deaf Institutions in the U.S. the foundations
of a Collective Identity

• Braidwood Academy
• Thomas Bolling and Elizabeth Gray
• William Bolling and Mary Randolph
• John Braidwood -1815 and 1817

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Connecticut Asylum for the Education and
Instruction of Deaf and Dumb Persons

• Mason Cogswell
• Thomas Gallaudet 1815 Europe
• Laurent Clerc-Royal Institution for the Deaf-1816
  U.S.

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College-Columbia Institution for the Deaf and
Dumb

• Amos Kendall
• Edward Gallaudet

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Assault on Sign Language ORALISM

• Horace Mann Boston
• Clarke Institution for Deaf Mutes
• Alexander Graham Bell
• 1870-Visible Speech
• EUGENICS/RACISM
• 1880s Application of Wealth
• Milan Congress
• 1880 meeting

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Agency of the Deaf Community EDUCATON

• Deaf President Now