Imperialism in Latin America

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Imperialism in Latin America

• 10.6

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Monroe Doctrine of 1823

• "the American continents, by the free and
  independent condition which they have assumed and
  maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as
  subjects for future colonization by any European
  powers.
• In summary asked European countries not to
  increase their influence or recolonize any part
  of the Western Hemisphere

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New Opportunities for Trade

• US Interest in Latin America
• Bananas, coffee, sugar and tobacco
• British Interest
• Wool, wheat, beef and nitrates for fertilizers
  and explosives

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Opportunities Cont

• Improvements in Latin America
• Railroads built
• Port cities improved
• Private investors built factories
• Latin American countries began to attract new
  immigrants from Europe (Push-Pull)

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Economic Imperialism

• Central govts would allow foreign capital in
  hopes to help develop their economy and new
  business.
• Most of the investors profit would go back to
  mother countries but some would go back to
  central govt to improve armies, navies and to
  suppress internal rebellions.

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American Intervention

• British and Falkland Islands (1833)
• No US Intervention
• Had earlier problems w/ Argentina
• Enforcement of the Monroe Doctrine???
• British and Venezuela (1895)
• US intervention
• MotivationGold

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Spanish American War
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Tension in Cuba

• Cuba a Spanish Colony
• Cubans unhappy under Spanish rule
• Nationalists attempted to overthrow Spain.
• US concerned w/ its own property in Cuba
• US Battleship the Maine was sent to protect
  property, exploded in Havana Harbor killing 260
  Americans.

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Spanish-American War Cont

• Unsure of the cause of the explosion, US media
  blamed the Spanish.
• US declared war in 1899 stating that US interest
  was purely to help the Cubans gain their
  independence.
• Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders

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Treaty of Paris

• Spain surrendered their claims to Cuba
• Ceded its colonies of Puerto Rico and Guam to the
  US
• Sold Philippines for 20 million to US

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Post-War Cuba

• US Troops occupied Cuba
• Disbanded the Cuban army
• Established schools, built roads, sanitation, and
  helped cure diseases
• Platt Amendment Gave the US the right to
  intervene in Cuban affairs if the Cuban govt was
  threatened after gaining its independence in
  1902.
• Permanent Naval Base in Guantanamo Bay

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Panama Canal
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US Interests in a Canal

• Helped Panama gain its independence from
  Colombia.
• In exchange for control of the canal zone.
• Homeland security.
• Would have to build two navies.
• Quicker route from East to West coast.

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Benefits of the Canal

• Shortened sea routes from NY to SF by 8,000
  miles.
• Atlantic and Pacific fleets could be moved
  quicker.
• Central America became a crossroads of trade.

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Roosevelt Corollary 1904

• Amendment to the Monroe Doctrine to protect the
  canal zone.
• Stated that the US would use military force in
  any situation that threatened the independence of
  any country in the Western Hemisphere.
• Described as a policy of speak softly but carry
  a big stick.

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Further US Expansion

• Nicaragua 1912-1933
• Haiti 1915-1934
• Dominican Republic 1916-1924
• Cuba (again) 1906-1909 1912
• Reasons
• Economies almost collapsed
• Feared they would not pay debts
• Virgin Islands 1917 purchased from Denmark for
  naval bases.

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Answer on a separate sheet of paper.

• In what ways was imperialism different in Latin
  America than it was in other parts of the world?

The End!!!