AntiAging Essential Oils

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Anti-Aging Essential Oils
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• Clovethe strongest known antioxidant, highest
  ORAC (1,000,000)
• Orangerich in limonene, of the best studied
  compounds that fight mutated cells
• mgTE/100g

• Thymepowerful antioxidant that prevents
  degeneration in the brain, eyes, and heart,
  according to research in Scotland and Hungary

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Cellular Mutations

• All cells are susceptible to mutations
• The degree of mutation
• initiation
• promotion/progression
• final metastasis stage
• Numerous animal studies show d-limonene prevents,
  inhibits and regresses tumor growth

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Limonene vs. Cell Mutations

• Limonene has been shown to inhibit growth of all
  three stages of cancer
• Initial stage
• Lee Wattenberg found d-limonene inhibited
  mutations in the lungs and forestomach
• Promotion/progression stages
• Terese Maltzman found d-limonene inhibited
  further growth of existing tumors
• Metastatic stage
• Jill Hagg and Michael Gould found d-limonene
  caused 80 regression of advanced, invasive tumors

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Limonene vs. Solid Tumors

• Researchers at the Department of Human Oncology
  in the University of Wisconsin found that
  limonene effectively reduced the size and
  incidence various chemically-induced tumors
• Elegbede et al. Regression of rat primary mammary
  tumors following dietary d-limonene.
  J.Natl.Cancer Inst. 76 (2)323-325, 1986.

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Limonene vs. Cancer

• Michael Gould and his University of Wisconsin
  colleagues found that a 5 limonene diet fed to
  test animals for 18 to 30 weeks resulted in a 66
  drop in mammary tumor incidence and a 42 drop in
  animals with a palpable tumor
• Gould MN et al. Limonene chemoprevention of
  mammary carcinoma induction following direct in
  situ transfer of v-Ha-ras. Cancer Res. 1994 Jul
  154(13)3540-3.

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Graph Limonene vs. NMU Tumors
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Clinical Trials of Limonene

• In a 1997 clinical trial at the Department of
  Medical Oncology in the Charing Cross Hospital in
  London, 32 patients with advanced breast and
  color cancer completed 99 courses of limonene
  administered orally
• Dosages ranged from 1 gram to16 grams per day.
• Researchers found promising results
• One partial response in a breast cancer patient
  on 16 grams per day was maintained for 11 months
• Three patients with colon cancer showed
  stabilization of disease for more than six
  months.
• Vigushin DM et al. Phase I and pharmacokinetic
  study of d-limonene in patients with advanced
  cancer. Cancer Research Campaign Phase I/II
  Clinical Trials Committee. Cancer Chemother
  Pharmacol. 199842(2)111-7.

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Limonene vs. Cancer

• The first of the three patients had no measurable
  cancer progression for nine months at a dose of 1
  gram/day
• The second patient with colon cancer showed a
  reduction of lt50 percent in the size of the tumor
  after only two cycles of d-limonene at 1 gram/day
  and maintained the reduction for 12 months
• The third patient with colon cancer showed
  stabilization on 2 grams/day for 7.5 months.
• Vigushin DM et al. Phase I and pharmacokinetic
  study of d-limonene in patients with advanced
  cancer. Cancer Research Campaign Phase I/II
  Clinical Trials Committee. Cancer Chemother
  Pharmacol. 199842(2)111-7.

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Thyme and Clove Oil

• Researchers at the University of Cairo discovered
  that clove and thyme oil drastically slowed fatty
  acid oxidation (rancidity)
• Only 0.12 thyme oil or 0.24 clove oil added to
  linoleic acid doubles its shelf life.
• The unique synergistic relationship of essential
  oils and essential fatty acids has the potential
  to unleash profound health benefits

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Thyme Oil Reverses Aging

• The same way thyme oil protects oils outside of
  the body from rancidity, so they also protect
  fats inside the body.
• Researchers at the Scottish Agricultural College
  tested the ability of thyme oil to preserve DHA
  (docosahexaenoic acid) levels in the brains of
  100 subjects.
• Levels of DHA decline steadily with age, as the
  body becomes unable to repair the damage to this
  essential fat.

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Preserving Brain Function

• Declining DHA levels are directly linked to
  age-related declines in memory and cognitive
  function
• Using a daily dosage of thyme oil (42.5 mg/K of
  body weight), researchers found that thyme oil
  drastically slowed age-related DHA degradation in
  the brain
• Surprisingly, DHA levels in the brains of
  28-month-old animals reached the same level as
  7-month olds
• In human terms, this is the equivalent of an
  80-year-old having the brain chemistry of a
  20-year-old

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Thyme Doubles Antioxidant Activity in the Brain
of Test Animals
thyme-treated
thymol-treated
control group
Youdim, Deans, 2000
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Protecting the Eyes

• DHA is also critical for eye health
• Declining DHA in the eye can lead to heightened
  risk of age-related macular degenerationthe
  leading cause of blindness in old age
• Karesh Youdim and his colleagues found that both
  thyme and clove oils restored DHA levels in the
  eye to that of a much younger state

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Thyme Oil Protects Tissues in Brain, Eyes, from
Age-related Damage
thymol-treated
thyme-treated
control
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Protecting the Heart, Liver, Kidneys

• Further investigation found thyme oil not only
  preserved the DHA in the brain, but also in the
  heart, liver, and kidneys
• Ingestion of thyme oil also increased
  glutathionethe single most important antioxidant
  enzyme in the bodyin all three organs

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Thyme Oil Enhances Antioxidant Levels in the Heart
thyme-treated
control
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Thyme Oil Enhances Antioxidant Levels in the Liver
thyme-treated
control
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Thyme Oil Enhances Antioxidant Levels in the
Kidneys
thyme-treated
control
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Boosting Glutathione Levels

• Even more surprisingly, thyme oil raised total
  antioxidant levels throughout the organism
• This included key internal antioxidants, such as
  glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase.

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Thyme Oil Protects the Liver

• Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is one of the most
  harmful substances to the liver
• Researchers at the King Saud University in Saudi
  Arabia found that thymol (a large part of thyme
  oil) afforded mice powerful protection against
  CCl4-induced liver damage.
• Thymols liver protecting properties were
  comparable to milk thistle (Silymarin marianum)
• Alam K et al. The protective action of thymol
  against carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity in
  mice. Pharmacol Res. 1999 Aug40(2)159-63.

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Thyme Oil Protects the Liver
Thymol guards liver against CCl4 damage
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Clove The Ultimate Antioxidant

• According to a test known as ORAC developed by
  USDA researchers at Tufts University, clove bud
  oil is the most powerful antioxidant known

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Clove Protects the Brain and Eyes

• Clove oil protects the tissues of the brain and
  eyes from age-related damage the same way thyme
  oil does
• Researchers at the Semmelweis University in
  Budapest, Hungary, documented the ability of
  clove to increase DHA levels 30 in the retinas
  of aging rats. DHA is vital for eye health
• Recsan Z et al. Effect of essential oils on the
  lipids of the retina in the ageing rat A
  possible therapeutic use. JEOR 9, 53-56 (Jan/Feb
  1997)

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Clove Protects Neurons in the Brain

• A 1997 study at the Hallym University College of
  Medicine in South Korea found that eugenol (the
  chief component of clove oil) protected the
  neurons in the brain from lack of oxygen (such as
  that caused by a stroke)
• Clove oil also protected brain structures against
  excitotoxins, which cause the premature death of
  brain structures through excess stimulation
• Wie MB et al. Eugenol protects neuronal cells
  from excitotoxic and oxidative injury in primary
  cortical cultures. Neurosci Lett. 1997 Apr
  4225(2)93-6.

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Clove Protects the Blood

• Dr. Nagashima of the Nihon University in Japan
  found that eugenol (the main component of clove
  oil) inhibited the destruction of the fatty outer
  membrane of human red blood cells
• Destruction of this fatty acid membrane can
  damage the ability of the blood to transport
  oxygen
• By protecting blood cell membranes, eugenol
  protects the oxygen-carrying capacity of the
  blood
• Nagashima K. Inhibitory effect of eugenol on
  Cu2-catalyzed lipid peroxidation in human
  erythrocyte membranes. Int J Biochem.
  198921(7)745-9.

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Clove Reduces Risk of Heart Disease

• Several studies at Odense University in Denmark
  and other medical colleges have documented the
  ability of clove oil to reduce blood stickiness
  (platelet aggregation)
• Blood stickinessnot high cholesterolis one of
  the true risk factors for dying of heart disease.
  Numerous studies have shown that the stickier the
  blood, the higher the risk of suffering a fatal
  stroke or heart attack.
• Srivastava KC. Antiplatelet principles from a
  food spice clove (Syzygium aromaticum L)
  Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1993
  May48(5)363-72.
• Srivastava KC, Malhotra N. Acetyl eugenol, a
  component of oil of cloves (Syzygium aromaticum
  L.) inhibits aggregation and alters arachidonic
  acid metabolism in human blood platelets.
  Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1991
  Jan42(1)73-81.
• Saeed SA, Gilani AH. Antithrombotic activity of
  clove oil. J Pak Med Assoc. 1994 May44(5)112-5.

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Clove Oil vs. Aspirin

• According to research published in the medical
  journal Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and
  Essential Fatty Acids, clove oil components,
  eugenol and acetyl eugenol, were more potent than
  aspirin in inhibiting platelet aggregation.
• Another study at the Kaohsiung Medical College in
  Taiwan, found clove oil to be 20-40 times more
  potent that aspirin in reducing blood stickiness
• Chen SJ et al. Antiplatelet and calcium
  inhibitory properties of eugenol and sodium
  eugenol acetate. Chen Pharmacol. 1996
  Jun27(4)629-33.

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Clove vs. Carcinogens

• A number of different sesquiterpenes in clove oil
  have been identified as possessing promising
  anticarcinogenic effects
• Minnesota researcher Guo Zheng identified beta
  caryophellene, eugenol, and other compounds that
  nearly doubled the glutathione levels in the
  liver and small intestine
• Glutathione is the most important detoxifying
  enzyme in the body, responsible for deactivating
  possible carcinogens
• Zheng GQ, Kenney PM, Lam LK. Sesquiterpenes from
  clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) as potential
  anticarcinogenic agents.J Nat Prod. 1992
  Jul55(7)999-1003.