Quality Control, Total Quality Management, and Quality Standards

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Quality Control, Total Quality Management, and
Quality Standards

• Prepared by Ralph Dorsainvil

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Quality Control

• Statistical Process Control
• Control chart zone rules
• 8 rules

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Statistical Process Control

• Control Charts
• X bar average level chart
• P fraction defective
• C chart - of defects per sample
• U chart - of defects per unit (more than one
  type of defect per subgroup)
• R chart - ranges

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X chart
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P chart
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Zones on a Control Chart
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Zone Rules

• Test 1 Extreme Points
• Test 2 Two Out of Three Points in Zone A or
  Beyond (X bar only)
• Test 3 Four out of Five Points in Zone B or
  Beyond (X bar only)
• Test 4 Runs Above or Below the Centerline

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Zone Rules (contd)

• Test 5 Linear Trend Identification
• Test 6 Oscillatory Trend Identification
• Test 7 Avoidance of Zone C Test (X bar only)
• Test 8 Run in Zone C Test (X bar only)

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Examples
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Total Quality Management

• Deming
• Ishikawa
• Taguchi
• Juran
• Tools Used

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Ishikawa
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Taguchi


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       

• Loss Function

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Juran

• Quality Trilogy
• Quality planning
• Identify customers and needs
• Quality Control
• Quality improvement

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Tools Used

• 7 Basic Tools
• Histograms
• Check Sheets
• Pareto Diagrams
• Graphs
• Scatter Diagrams
• Cause-and-effect diagrams
• Control Charts

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Pareto Diagram
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Scatter Diagram
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Quality Standards

• ISO Standards
• Kano models
• Blue Bird examples (pg.85-103)

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ISO Standards

• ISO 9000 and alternatives
• 9001 quality assurance in design/development,
  production, installation and servicing
• 9002 quality assurance in production,
  installation and servicing
• 9003 quality assurance in final inspection and
  test

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• ISO 14000
• Environmental standards
• Registration
• Audits
• Internal
• External
• Why?
• Customer Pressure
• Competitive advantage
• Improved internal operations

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Kano Model

• By Noriako Kano
• Better customer communication/Feedback
• 3 classes Basic, Linear, Delighter
• Requirements

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Kano Model
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Conclusion

• Quality Control, Total Quality Management, and
  Quality Standards are related
• Many more tools are used

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Acknowledgements

• Berger, Roger W., The Certified quality engineer
  handbook
• Besterfield, Dale H., Total quality management
  2nd ed.
• Devor, Richard E., Statistical quality design and
  control
• Peach, Robert W., The ISO 9000 handbook 3rd ed.
• Rao, Ashok., Total quality management a cross
  functional perspective
• www.ISO.org
• www.qualityamerica.com
• www.spcforexcel.com

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Questions?