RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES

1

• RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURES
• AT PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
• -------------------------
• ICAO NAM/CAR/SAM Runway Safety / Runway Incursion
  Conference
• (Mexico City, 22 to 25 October 2002)
•  ------------------------------------------
•         Mr Gerard BATISTELLA, studies and
  development Air Traffic Operations
•        Mr Jean JEZEQUEL, Air Traffic Manager for
  Towers and TRACON, Charles de Gaulle Airport

2
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT

• OUTLINE OF THIS PRESENTATION
•   
• CDG Airport Traffic (2001 data)
• CDG Airport Layout (Runways/taxi-ways/terminals
  Air Traffic Control Towers)
• CDG Airport Basic Operations
• Runway Incursion Prevention Measures before
  opening south pair of RWYS (before 1999)
• Additional Runway Incursion Prevention Measures,
  since 2000
• Runway Incursions statistics
• Further Runway Incursion Prevention Measures for
  2003/2004

3
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT

• AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONDITIONS (2001 data)
• 525,000 ops/year 2001
• WORLD RANK for ops 6 th
• PEAKS
• peak day 1,689 ops
• Peak hour 125 ops (3 RWYS)
•  MAJOR HUB FOR AIR-FRANCE
• over 150 foreign airlines operating at CDG
•  WEATHER CONDITIONS
•  Low visibility Procedures ? 5 of time
• A few snowy days

4
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT

• AIRPORT LAYOUT
• 3200 Ha
• 4 PARALLEL RUNWAYS
• South pair of runways in use since March 1999
• A mixed-mode runway on the north side of the
  airport (north pair of RWYS will go into
  operating spring 2003)
• TAXIWAYS 70Kms in all
• 2 AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS
• South ATCT close to south pair of RWYS (including
  an apron tower)
• Central ATCT
• New north ATCT (2004) close to north pair of RWYS
  (including an apron tower)

5
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
6
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
7
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
8
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
9
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
10
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT(BEFORE OPENING
SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)

• NEW FACILITIES
• SOUTH AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWER (cost 15
  millions Euros)
• good visibility on arrivals, holdings and
  crossings (in westerly and easterly flows)
• good visibility on departures sequences (in
  westerly and easterly flows)
•  APRON TOWER LOCATED IN SOUTH TOWER (able to
  manage traffic around all CDG2 terminals)
• to alleviate traffic load of ground control
  positions
• AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWER SIMULATOR ( cost 4
  millions Euros)
• To provide training of all controllers working
  the south pair of RWYS from south ATCT before
  opening
•   Note This simulator is now adapted for north
  pair of RWYS, central and north ATCTs.

11
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
12
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
13
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT(BEFORE OPENING
SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)

• NEW EQUIPMENT
• 2ND ASDE LOCATED ON SOUTH ATCT
• better ground radar coverage of south side of
  airport
• LABELS (data blocks) ON GROUND AND LOCAL CONTROL
  POSITIONS
• easier management of traffic
• better discrimination for LOCAL and GROUND
  controllers, of the different positions of
  airplanes (more specially inbounds holding
  between the two RWYS)
• VEHICLES RADIO LOCATION MONITORING SYSTEM
• to prevent drivers of incursions on RWYS

14
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT(BEFORE OPENING
SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)

• TAXIWAY DESIGN
• SPACE PROVIDED to decelerate AFTER VACATING RWY,
  hold BEFORE CROSSING, CROSS AND TAXI QUICKLY away
  from departure RWY
• 384m between rwy center lines, 4 exits (West and
  East rwy configurations)
• CENTRAL PARALLEL TWY between rwys to collect
  several arrivals, hold and prepare sequences
• 4 TWYs PERPENDICULAR (West and East rwy
  configurations) to departure RWY for HOLDING AND
  CROSSING
• good surveillance of departing traffic (West and
  East configurations)
• rapid and non confusing crossing of inner RWY
•  Lighting system strictly ICAO ANNEX 14 compliant

15
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
16
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT(BEFORE OPENING
SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)

• PROCEDURES
•  ARRIVALS ON OUTER RWY/DEPARTURES ON INNER RWY
• Ground crossings
• ILS and Approach lighting on inner RWY to be OFF
  (to prevent landings on the inner RWY)
• FOCUS ON READ BACK procedures (clearances and
  documentations) specially for ARRIVALS (ie HOLD
  SHORT OF RUNWAY 26R on taxiway SIERRA TWO )
• ONE LOCAL FREQUENCY FOR ARRIVALS AND DEPARTURES
• arrivals change to Ground Control frequency only
  after the crossing of departure RWY permitting to
  the LOCAL controller to call them if necessary.
  Pilots can monitor the sequence.
• ALL VEHICLES
• All vehicles having to operate on RWYS are
  equipped with Local Control frequencies and
  drivers are in contact with Local Control
  position
• AIRPORT DIAGRAMS
• in Westerly and Easterly flows, arrivals can see
  how to taxi immediately after departure RWY
  crossing if no immediate contact with ground
  control

17
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT(BEFORE OPENING
SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)

• CONTROL POSITIONS
•  
• TWO GROUND CONTROL POSITIONS working on south
  side of airport
• One working mostly arrivals (GSW in West flow,
  GSE in East flow), available to speak immediately
  to the arrivals after the crossing, and to give
  taxi-clearances
• ? arrivals exit quickly the departure RWY area
• One working mostly departures (GSE in West flow,
  GSW in East flow) to prepare the departure
  sequence
• TWO APRON TOWER POSITIONS (with a possible
  extension to three) to alleviate Ground Control
  traffic load on south side of airport

18
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
19
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT(BEFORE OPENING
SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)

• PRE-OPERATIONAL MEASURES
•  
• AIRPORT SIMULATOR  SIMULOC  in operation two
  months before opening the pair of RWYS, to train
  all the controllers
• MEETINGS with airlines to explain the new
  procedures
• VERY LARGE DISTRIBUTION OF A VIDEO demonstrating
  the new procedures of the south pair of RWYS,
  highlighting specificities, namely holding
  before crossing and crossing of departure RWY
• ORGANIZATION OF TWO MEETINGS to allow pilots /
  controllers to acquire and mutually understand
  new procedures
• PUBLICATION IN CONJUNCTION WITH IATA, of a
  leaflet named HIRO and subsequent large
  distribution
• CAUTION MESSAGE on the ATIS, during the first
  month of operations (March 1999), for the
  arrivals vacating the outer RWY of the pair of
  RWYS ("After vacating RWY 26L hold short of
  runway 26R")

20
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT(AFTER OPENING
SOUTH PAIR OF RUNWAYS)

• FIRST DEBRIEFING AND CORRECTIONS (1999)
• TASK FORCE TO MONITOR OPERATIONS AND ANALYZE
  INCIDENTS (one meeting per month)
• MODIFICATIONS of procedures and documentation
• GROUND CONTROL TAXI PROCEDURES to give PRIORITY
  to arriving traffic over taxiing traffic on
  parallel TWY (to expedite crossing of inner RWY
  and avoid a holding of second arrival for a
  ground clearance close to (or on) the departure
  RWY).
• AIRPORT DOCUMENTATION DIAGRAMS to integrate
  taxiing PRIORITIES
• ADDITIONAL GROUND MARKING ON THE HOLDING POINTS
  to REINFORCE their meaning (STOP)
• SIMULTANEOUS CAMPAIGN WITH AIR FRANCE for
  heightening pilot and controller awareness OF
  PHRASEOLOGY AND READ BACK SENSITIVITY

21
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
22
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT( SINCE 2000 )

• INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTATION
• PERMANENT (since 11/28/00) CAUTION MESSAGE on the
  ATIS, for inbounds vacating the OUTER RWY
• MEETING WITH AIRLINES (12/15/00) for discussion
  and awareness
• PUBLICATION (Feb 2001) OF AN AIC pertaining to
  this problem with special distribution to
  airlines operating on airport
• UPDATING (2001) OF HIRO LEAFLET with special
  focus on this problem, promotion and large
  distribution
• MEETING WITH AIRLINES (1/18/02)
• REINFORCEMENT OF THE JEPPESEN caution box

23
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT(SINCE 2000)

• ENHANCED CAT 1 HOLDING POINT AND OTHER ACTIONS
• IMPLEMENTATION OF TWIN WIG-WAG 4 orange flashing
  lights on each side of 90m holding points,
  differentiating those at 150m (single Wig-Wag).
• REINFORCING HOLDING POINT painting of ground
  with "RWY AHEAD" ground inscription
• DUPLICATION OF HOLDING POINT SIGNS (90m) on
  either side of the taxiway erection of
  additional CAT1 sign.
• H24 WIG WAG at 90m holding point commuted with
  150m WIG WAG in LVP ops
• REINFORCING SIGNS, MARKINGS AND RED LIGHTS on TWY
  with only one way NO ENTRY / RWY AHEAD
  painting of ground and specific signs for
  drivers, located at 90m from the runway
  centerline.

24
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
25
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
26
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
27
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT( SINCE 2000 )

• NEW EQUIPMENT
• 3rd and 4th GROUND RADARS (ASDEs)
• 3rd ASDE, located South/East of airport, in
  service since early 2001
• 4th ASDE, located North/West of airport, in
  service since spring 2002
•  MODE "S" multi-lateration (installation finished
  October 2002, on test end of 2002)
• GROUND SHORT TERM CONFLICT ALERT SYSTEM (on test
  autumn 2002)

28
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT
29
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT( SINCE 2000 )

• PROCEDURES / HUMAN ERROR PREVENTION
•  
• NEW PHRASEOLOGY (January 2001) for arrivals
  holding short of the inner runway of the pair,
  "DUPLICATING HOLDING INSTRUCTION"
• ", Hold short of runway 26R, holding point
  SIERRA TWO"
• (instead of ", Hold short of runway 26R, on taxi
  way SIERRA TWO)
• SPECIFICALLY FAMILIARIZE PILOTS with CDG airport
  complex layout and read back procedures
• Distribution of a specific CD-Rom
•  IMPLEMENTATION of a Safety Management System
  (early July 2002)

30
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT( SINCE 2000 )

•  In case of any doubt  HOLD SHORT OF the inner
  RWY 
• The basic principle is the arrival traffic must
  HOLD SHORT OF the inner RWY and wait for a
  crossing clearance and acknowledge it.
•  

31
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT(STATISTICS 2000
2001)

• Traffic 2000 518,000
• Incursions 13 (0 in LVP conditions )
• Traffic 2001 525,000
• Incursions 3 (0 in LVP conditions)
• Note for 2001 and 2002 (up to august) 0 arrival
  crossing incursion, compare to 7 incursions in
  2000.

32
RUNWAY INCURSION PREVENTION MEASURESAT
PARIS-CHARLES DE GAULLE AIRPORT ( FOR 2003
2004)

• MODE S MULTI-LATERATION to be integrated in
  ground radar displays (early 2003)
• GROUND SHORT TERM CONFLICT ALERT SYSTEM to be
  integrated in ground radar displays (Runway
  Incursion Monitoring and Conflict Alert System)
  (early 2003)
• A-SMGCS 4 ASDEs, mode S multi-lateration,
  GSTCAS, alternated WIG-WAG
• 90m /150m, stop bars 150m
• LARGE DISTRIBUTION OF A NEW VIDEO demonstrating
  procedures for north pair of RWYS (first quarter
  of 2003)
• TRAINING ON TOWER SIMULATOR of the controllers
  for the north pair of rwys procedures (first
  quarter of 2003)
• NEW NORTH AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWER close to
  north pair of rwys (spring 2004)
• PROVISION OF ASSISTANT LOCAL CONTROLLERS to help
  monitoring operations (scanning the runways)

33