Lab 8

1
Lab 8

• Chlorophyta, Lichens, Symbiosis

2
Green Plants

• Common name Green plants
• Synonyms Viridiplantae
• Mode of nutrition Autotrophic green
  chloroplasts (some parasitic members)
• Habitat Freshwater, marine, terrestrial
• Growth habit Unicellular, filamentous, various
  multicellular
• Cell wall Cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins
• Undulipodia (flagella) Whiplash (2 to 1000)
  or none

3
Green Plants

• Food storage Starch
• Clonal reproduction zoospores, aplanospores,
  multicellular propagules, vegetative
• Sexual reproduction Unicellular, haploid
  dominant, diploid dominant, alternation of
  generations
• Included Phyla Chlorophyta, Hepatophyta,
  Anthocerophyta, Bryophyta, Lycophyta,
  Psilotophyta, Sphenophyta, Pterophyta,
  Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, Coniferophyta,
  Gnetophyta, Anthophyta

4
Chlorophyta

• General features of the green plants
• Common name Green algae
• Synonyms None
• Habitat Freshwater, marine, terrestrial
• Growth habit Unicellular, colonial, filamentous,
  flat sheet, plectenchyma, parenchyma
• Undulipodia (flagella) two or more whiplash,
  or none
• Clonal reproduction Mitosis of unicells,
  zoospores, rarely aplanospores

5
Chlorophyta

• Sexual reproduction Haploid dominant, diploid
  dominant, alternation of generations,
  unicellular isogamous, anisogamous, oogamous
• Representative genera Chara, Chlamydomonas,
  Cladophora, Closterium, Gonium, Hydrodictyon,
  Monostroma, Oedogonium, Pediastrum, Scenedesmus,
  Spirogyra, Ulva, Volvox
• Recognized by Green plants that are not land
  plants (embryophytes)

6
A Pediastrum
Chlorophyta
7
A Scenedesmus
Chlorophyta
8
U Scenedesmus
Chlorophyta
9
A Volvox
Chlorophyta
10
U Volvox
Chlorophyta
11
A Spirogyra
Chlorophyta
12
U Spirogyra
Chlorophyta
13
A Oedogonium
Chlorophyta
14
U Cladophora
Chlorophyta
15
A Cladophora
Chlorophyta
16
D Codium
Chlorophyta
17
D Ulva
Chlorophyta
18
A Monostroma or Ulva
Chlorophyta
19
A Chara
Chlorophyta
20
Lichens

• Fungus and alga
• Ascomycota and Chlorophyta most common (all
  examples in lab)
• Autotrophic
• Clonal reproduction by soredia or isidia
• Sexual reproduction by ascospores, followed by
  parasitism of free-living algae

21
P crustose, foliose, and fruticose
Lichens
22
P crustose, from Cal Poly Pomona
Lichens
23
A Umbilicaria
Lichens
24
A Physcia
Lichens
25
P Azolla with Anabaena
Mutualism
26
D Azolla with Anabaena
Mutualism
27
D Cycad coralloid roots
Mutualism
28
D Cycad coralloid roots
Mutualism