The Five Pillars of Islam

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The Five Pillars of Islam
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• 1. PROFESSION OF FAITH (SHAHADAH) Muslims bear
  witness to the oneness of God by reciting the
  creed "There is no God but God and Muhammad is
  the Messenger of God."

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• 2. PRAYER (SALAH) The world's Muslims turn
  individually and collectively to Mecca to offer
  five daily prayers at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon,
  sunset and evening. In addition, Friday
  congregational service is also required.

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• 3. ALMSGIVING (ZAKAH)
• Social responsibility is considered part of
  one's service to God so almsgiving is
  obligatory.

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• 4. FASTING DURING RAMADAN (SAWM) The fast is an
  act of personal worship in which Muslims seek a
  richer perception of God. It is also an exercise
  in self control.

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• 5. PILGRIMAGE TO MECCA (HAJI)
• The pilgrimage is an expression of Islamic faith
  and unity.

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Abbasid Dynasty

• In 750, Abu al-Abbas overthrew the Umayyad
  dynasty founded Abbasid which lasted until 1258
• In 762, Abbasid built new capital of Baghdad on
  the Tigris river/ location took advantage of
  river caravan traffic
• Harun al-Rashid led dynasty through golden age/
  known for charity and patronage
• Vizier (Prime Minister) advises the caliph

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Baghdad
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• CULTURAL INTEGRATION In the 8th and 9th
  centuries, under the Abbasid caliphs, Muslim
  civilization entered its golden age. dramatic
  growth in arts and sciences.

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Abbasid Dynasty Falls

• Abbasid experienced problems fighting over
  succession of caliph
• Rulers of provinces began to break away
• Spain, Morocco, Egypt independent with own
  caliphate

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Seljuk Turks Crusades

• Seljuk Turks nomadic people from central Asia,
  converted to Islam
• Took over much of Abbasid empire captured
  Baghdad held political and military power
• Turks took over Anatolian plateau, Byzantine
  empire turned west for help

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Crusades

• 1169, Saladin took control of Egypt ended
  Fatimid dynasty, took offensive _at_ Christians
• 1187, Saladins army destroyed the Christian
  forces in the kingdom of Jerusalem
• Main effect of Crusades centuries of mistrust
  between Muslims Christians