??????? What is Jazz Music?

1
???????What is Jazz Music?

• Presented by Wang Yu Chau (Universe)

2
????(?)Activity 1
John McLaughlin
????????????, ???????????? Listen to the
following 13 excerpts. Please recognize whether
each excerpt is jazz 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13
3
???????
?????? ? ?????? ? ???????????
4
?????--????

• 1619???????????????????(Virginia)
• ????--
• ???????
• ????????

5
????????

• ?????(Blues, Spirituals, Gospels)
• ????????????
• ??????????????
• ???????Cakewalk??
• ??????????????(Minstrel Shows)

6
??????

• ???(Polyrhythm)
• ????(Syncopation)
• ???(Call Response)
• ????(Blue Tonality)
• ????(Improvisation)

Blue Notes
7
?????????????

• ?????
• (African Drums Djembe Music)
• e.g. Mamady Keita Soli
• ????(Work Songs)
• e.g. Leadbelly Take This Hammer

8
??????????

• ????
• ????????
• ??????
• ???????

Ragtime
Dixieland Jazz
9
???????????
??? Jazz
10
????(Ragtime)
?2/4??4/4??????
??????????? ?,????
??????????? ?(Syncopation)
James Scott
Scott Joplin
??????(Form)-- AABBACCDD,C?? ?????????
(Subdominant Key)
? e.g. Scott Joplin Maple Leaf Rag
A Million Copies Sold
11
??/??(Blues)-1
Billie Holiday
Sarah Vaughan
Bessie Smith
12
??/??(Blues)-2

• ?4??????AAB??
• ??????????
• ??(Pitch)??(Bend)?????
• E.g. Billie Holiday Fine Mellow

Billie Holiday (Lady Day)
13
?????(Boogie Woogie)
Work Songs, Spirituals, Gospels, Ragtime, Blues,
Boogie Woogie??? ???????!

• ?????????????
• ????????(Ostinato Bass),?????????????,
• ??8???(???8 over 4?)
• ????????????????
• ????Dixieland Jazz???
• E.g. Meade Lux Lewis
• Honky Tonk Train Blues

Meade Lux Lewis
14
????(?)Activity 2

• ??????????????
• ?????????,????
• ?????????
• ?? ????? (The Legend of 1900)

15
????(Stride)

• ????????(Chord)????????????,?????????
• ?Ragtime???????????
• ???????(Improvisation)
• ???Ragtime?????
• E.g. Jelly Roll Morton Maple Leaf Rag
• E.g. Fats Waller Handful of Key

Art Tatum
Jelly Roll Morton
Fats Waller
16
?????? (Dixieland Jazz)

• ???(Banjo, Drums, Tuba)????????
• ????(Collective Improvisation)?????????,????????,
  ???????
• ?????????

King Oliver Band
The Original Dixieland Jass Band (The First
Recorded Jazz Band)
17
???????1900-1971(Louis Armstrong)

• ?????????
• ???????(New Orleans Jazz)???,?
• ??????????
• ???

Louis Armstrong
18
???(Swing)

• ??????(Big Band)???
• ????,??????????
• ???????????
• ???????????????(Identifying Trademark)
• ????????????(Refrain)???(Phrase)?????(Riff)?

Benny Goodman
19
???(Big Band)???

• ??????????????(alto saxophones),?????????(tenor
  saxophones)?????????(baritone saxophone)?
• ??????????????????,?????????????????????
• ?????????????????????
• ???????,??????(?????),????????????

Count Basie
Paul Whiteman
20
???(Swing)????

• ?????????????
• ????????????,?????????????
• ???????
• ??????30?
• ???(Rock nroll)???????

Benny Goodman Sextet
21
Modern Jazz-???(Bebop)
Kenny Clarke (??????????)
???????-- ?????(Mintons Playhouse)
22
Modern Jazz-???(Bebop)
Walter Page (???Walking Bass ?????????)
23
???(Bebop)?????

• ????????(Dissonance)
• ?????????(Rubato)
• ?????????(Runs)
• ??????(Straight ahead)?????(Swing)???
• ?????
• ??????(Register)??????
• ?????? (Rhythmic Displacement)

24
???(Bebop)???-1

• ?????????????
• ?(Faster Tempo),??????????????
• ????Arpeggios?????????
• ????(Small Combos)??
• ???Standard Tunes????????????
• ??????(Extended Harmonies)?????

Dizzy Gillespie
Bud Powell
25
???(Bebop)???-2

• ??????????????(Phrasing)
• ????hi-hat??????,???(accents)????(Punctuations)??B
  ass Drum?Snare Drum??,??Bombs
• ???4/4?????????????????(Syncopated Chordal
  Punctuations)
• ????????????????
• Bass??Walking Bass

Charlie Parker
Charlie Christian
26
Scat Singing

• ???????????????????
• e.g. Louis Armstrong, Dizzy Gillespie
• ????????????????

????
Scat Singing

• ???(Bebop)????

??????????
?Ella Fitzgerald?????Scat Singing
??Bebop?????????
Ella Fitzgerald (?Scat Singing?? ???????)

• ?????(???? ???)--
• ?????Scat Singing??????

27
??????

• ?????(Latin Jazz)
• ?/????(Cool Jazz)
• ?????(Modal Jazz)
• ????(Hard Bop)
• ?????(Free Jazz)
• ???(Avade-Garde)
• ???(Fusion)
• ???????
• (Neo-Classicism)

Chick Corea Elektric Band (2002)
?Koln Concert????? ?????Keith Jarrett
28
????(Cool Jazz)
''Birth of the Cool????????
''Birth of the Cool????--Gil Evans
29
????(Cool Jazz)

• ???????
• ????,??????????????????
• ????,????????????
• ????????? ,???????????????
• ????????????(Chamber ensemble)
• ?????????????
• ??????(Pastel)
• ???????(Middle Registers)??

?????? ??????
30
????(?) Activity 3
Bill Evans

• ?????????
• ????????????
• ????????????????
• ??????????????
• ????????????????
• ???????? (So What?????)

Bill Evans (Young)
31
??(Conclusion)

• ????,????????????
• 1) ??(Swing)
• It Dont Mean Anything If You Aint Got Swing.
• --?????(Duke Ellington)
• 2) ??(Improvisation)