The War for Europe and North Africa

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The War for Europe and North Africa

• The United States in World War II 2

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I. The United States and Britain Join Forces

• A. The Battle of the Atlantic
• 1. In response to the German Wolfpacks the
  Allies began to use the Convoy System.
• 2. These convoys were equipped with sonar and
  airplanes to find German U-boats.
• 3. The Americans built 140 ships a month.

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II. The Eastern Front and the Mediterranean

• A. The Battle of Stalingrad
• 1. Hitler was determined to wipe out Stalingrad,
  a major industrial center.
• 2. Hitler, overconfident ordered the German army
  into Stalingrad and too fight to the death.
• 3. Winter set in and Soviet troops surrounded
  the Germans and after 6 months of fighting the
  remnants of the German army surrendered.

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• B. The North African Front
• 1. Operation Torch under Dwight D. Eisenhower
  fought the German Afrika Corps under General
  Erwin Rommel, the Desert Fox.
• 2. After months of heavy fighting the Germans
  surrendered in May 1943.

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• C. The Italian Campaign
• 1. After victory in North Africa Churchill and
  FDR invaded Europe through Italy.
• 2. The campaign got off to a good start with the
  capture of Sicily, and Mussolini was stripped of
  his power.
• 3. Hitler did not give up Italy without a fight
  and after bloody fighting at bloody Anzio left
  25,000 Allied troops dead and 30,000 Axis troops.

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Tuskegee Airmen
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100th Battalion Hawaiian Nisei
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Anzio
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III. The Allies Liberate Europe

• A. D-Day
• 1. The largest land-sea operation in history.
• 2. Codename Operation Overlord.
• 3. June 6, 1944
• 4. Even though the bulk of the German army was
  not in Normandy, the Germans put up heavy
  resistance, but the Allies held the beachheads.
• 5. Utah, Omaha, Gold, Juno, Sword

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• B. The Allies Gain Ground
• 1. The Within a month after D-Day the Allies
  landed 567,000 tons of supplies, a million
  troops, and 170,000 vehicles in France.
• 2. General Omar Bradley led a massive land and
  aerial bombardment of St. Lo providing a gap in
  which General George Patton could advance.
• 3. On August 25, 1944 the Allies liberated
  Paris.
• 4. As a result FDR was elected to a 4th term.

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• C. Battle of the Bulge
• 1. In October 1944 Hitler launched a last ditch
  offensive to secure the Belgian port Antwerp.
• 2. His army broke through weak American defenes
  and drove 60 miles into Allied territory.
• 3. However, the Allies finally held after a
  month of fighting and Hitler lost 120,000 troops,
  600 tanks, and 1,600 planes which they could not
  replace and spend the remainder of the war on
  retreat.

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• C. Unconditional Surrender
• 1. On April 29, 1945 Hitler committed suicide
  along with his bride Eva Braun.
• 2. A week later on May 8, 1945 General
  Eisenhower accepted the unconditional surrender
  of the Third Reich and V-E day was announced.
• 3. However, on April 12, 1945 FDR had a stroke
  and died.

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