The Greek Gods, Goddesses, and Titans

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The Greek Gods, Goddesses, and Titans
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The twelve olympians
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Zeus

• Roman Name- Jupiter
• God of the sky and ruler of the Olympians (drew
  lots)
• His weapon is the thunderbolt
• Married to Hera, but is not faithful in his
  marriage
• Punishes those who lie and break oaths
• Tree is the oak, bird is the eagle
• God of justice and mercy, protector of the weak,
  and punisher of the wicked

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Poseidon

• Roman name Neptune
• God of the sea, protector of all waters
• Brothers of Zeus and Hades
• Weapon is a trident
• Second to Zeus in power
• Has a difficult and quarrelsome personality
• He was greedy
• Made other gods mad by trying to take over their
  cities
• In pursuit of Demeter (a woman other than his
  wife) he created the worlds first sea horse

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Hades

• Roman Name Pluto
• God of the underworld and of wealth, rules over
  the dead
• Brother of Zeus and Poseidon
• Greedy god who is concerned with increasing his
  subjects
• Rarely lets any visitor leave the underworld
• Has a helmet that makes him invisible
• Rarely leaves the underworld
• Married to Persephone

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Hestia

• Roman Name Vesta
• Zeus sister
• Goddess of the hearth
• No distinct personality
• Plays no role in the myths
• Each city had a hearth dedicated to her where the
  fire was never allowed to go out
• Mildest and most charitable of the gods

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Hera

• Roman Name Juno
• Zeus wife and sister
• Goddess of marriage and childbirth, takes special
  care of married women
• Her marriage was built on strife (cuckoo bird)
• Revolted against Zeus once, never again (gold
  chains)
• Frequently outwitted Zeus
• Many of her myths deal with her jealousy
• Sacred animals are the cow and the peacock

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Ares

• Roman nameMars
• Aris
• Son of Zeus and Hera
• God of war
• Disliked by both parents
• Considered murderous but cowardly
• Had an affair with Aphrodite
• His bird is the vulture, animal is the dog

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Athena

• Roman name Minerva
• Goddess of reason, intellectual activities,
  literature, and art
• Also city, handicrafts, and agriculture
• Daughter of Zeus (his favorite child)
• Sprang full grown from his head in full armor
• Fierce and brave in battle
• Created the bridle, trumpet, flute, pot, rake,
  plow, yoke, ship, and chariot
• Tree is olive, owl is bird, city is Athens

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Apollo

• Roman Name Apollo
• God of music, healing, light, truth
• Son of Zeus and Leto
• Twin sister is Artemis
• Silver bow
• Cannot speak a lie
• Daily task is to harness his 4 horse chariot and
  drive the sun across the sky
• Tree is laurel, bird is crow, animal is dolphin

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Aphrodite

• Roman Name Venus
• Goddess of love, desire, and beauty
• Born from sea foam
• Married to Hephaestus
• Lovers with Ares
• Tree is myrtle, bird is dove, swan, and sparrow

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Hermes

• Roman Name Mercury
• Messenger to the gods
• The most clever of the gods
• Fastest of the gods
• Winged shoes and hat
• Son of Zeus
• Guides the dead to the underworld
• Invented the lyre, the pipes, the musical scale,
  astronomy, weights and measures, boxing and
  gymnastics

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Artemis

• Roman Name Diana
• Goddess of chastity, the hunt, the moon, and the
  natural environment
• Twin brother is Apollo
• lady of wild things
• Hunts with silver arrows
• Cypress is her tree
• All wild animals are sacred to her, especially
  the deer

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Hephaestus

• Roman Name Vulcan
• Son of Hera and maybe Zeus (rumored that he has
  no father)
• Only god to be physically ugly
• Hera
• Zeus
• God of fire and forge, patron god of smiths and
  weavers
• Kind and peace loving
• Married to Aphrodite

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Some of the other gods
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Demeter

• Roman Name Ceres
• Goddess of corn, grain, and harvest
• Makes the crops grow each year and the Greeks
  sacrifice the first loaf of bread from the
  harvest each year to her
• Sacred to her are livestock and agricultural
  products
• Her daughter is Persephone
• cereal

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Persephone

• Roman Name Proserpine
• Daughter of Zeus and Demeter
• Goddess of springtime
• Wife of Hades and Queen of the underworld for six
  months each year
• Mint and pomegranate are sacred to her

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Dionysus

• Roman Name Bacchus
• God of fertility and wine, patron of the arts
• Dual nature brings joy and divine ecstasy and
  brutal, unthinking rage
• Son of Zeus and Semeleonly god to have a mortal
  parent
• One of the few who could bring someone back from
  the underworld
• Semele burnt to a crisp

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eros

• Roman Name Cupid
• God of love
• Son of Aphrodite
• Represented blindfolded because love is blind
• His arrows are magically treated to cause the
  person to fall madly in love with the first
  person they see.

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pan

• Roman Name Faunus
• God of flocks and shepherds
• Son of Zeus and Penelope (who later married
  Odysseus)
• Plays the pipes, merry and playful, often seen
  dancing
• Pursues the nymphs but is always rejected because
  he is ugly
• His name is the basis for the word panic
• The Titans
• Noises in the woods

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The graces

• Daughters of Zeus and Eurynome
• Aglaia (Splendor)
• Euphrosyne (mirth)
• Thalia (good cheer)
• Known for singing and dancing for the gods

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The fates

• Decide a mans destiny
• They decide if he is good or evil and how long he
  lives
• Clotho spins the thread of life
• Lachesis is the measurer and chooses the lot in
  life and how long it will be
• Atropos cuts the thread with death at her sheers
• Old and predate the godsmay even determine the
  fate of the godsnot even the most powerful with
  mess with them

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Some of the titans
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gaea

• Roman Name Terra
• Earth goddess
• Mated with Uranus to create all the other Titans

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uranus

• Roman Name Uranus
• Sky god and first ruler
• Son of Gaea who created him without help
• Cronus killed him

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chronus

• Roman Name Saturn
• The ruling titan after he killed his father
• Married to Rheatogether they had the Olympians
• Ate each of his children as they were born,
  except Zeus

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rhea

• Roman Name Ops
• Wife of Cronus
• Tricked him into swallowing a rock

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Prometheus

• Roman Name Prometheus
• The wisest titanhis name means forethought
• He and his brother were given the job of creating
  man
• Gave man many gifts including fire
• allowed them to keep the best parts of the animal
• As punishment Zeus chained him to a rock and let
  an eagle poke out his liver

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epimetheus

• Roman Name Epimetheus
• Not smartname means afterthought
• Gave all the best traits to animals and left
  nothing for man
• Accepted the gift from Pandora

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atlas

• Roman Name Atlas
• Brothers of Epimetheus and Prometheus
• Took Cronus side in the battle
• As punishment, Zeus made him bear the weight of
  the world on his shoulders

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metis

• Roman Name Metis
• Presided over all wisdom and knowledge
• Prophecy said that Zeus second child would over
  throw him
• Pregnant with Athena
• Swallowed Metis

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THE FAMILY TREE