Chapter 13- Exploring the Oceans

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Chapter 13- Exploring the Oceans

• By Samantha Pereira

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Chapter Summary

• In this chapter, you will learn about Earths
  oceans, the ocean floor, life in the ocean,
  resources from the ocean, and ocean pollution.

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Lesson 1-Earths Oceans
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Lesson 1 Vocabulary

• Salinity- a measure of the amount of dissolved
  salts in a given amount of liquid
• Water cycle- the continuous movement of water
  from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and
  back to the ocean

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Lesson Summary

• The global ocean is divided into four main
  oceans Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian
  Ocean, and Artic Ocean.
• The four oceans as we know them today formed
  within the last 300 million years.

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Lesson 2- The Ocean Floor
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Lesson 2 Vocabulary

• Continental shelf- the gently sloping section of
  the continental margin
• Continental slope- the steeply inclined section
  of the continental margin
• Continental rise- the gently sloping section of
  the continental margin
• Abyssal plain- a large, flat, almost level area
  of the deep-ocean basin
• Mid-ocean ridge- a long, undersea mountain chain
• Rift valley- a long, narrow valley
• seamount- a submerged mountain
• Ocean trench- a steep, long depression in the
  deep-sea floor

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Lesson Summary

• Scientists study the ocean floor from the surface
  using sonar and satellites.
• The ocean floor is divided into two
  regions-continental margin and deep-ocean basin.

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Lesson 3- Life in the Ocean
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Lesson 3 Vocabulary

• Plankton- the mass of mostly microscopic
  organisms
• Nekton- all organisms that swim actively in open
  water
• Benthos- the organisms that live at the bottom of
  the ocean
• Benthic environment- the region near the bottom
  of a pond
• Pelagic environment- in the ocean, near the
  surface or middle depths

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Lesson Summary

• Three main groups of marine life are plankton,
  nekton, and benthos.
• Two main ocean environments are the benthic and
  pelagic environment.

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Lesson 4- Resources from the Ocean
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Lesson 4 Vocabulary

• Desalination- a process of removing salt from
  ocean water

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Lesson Summary

• Humans depend on the ocean for living and
  nonliving resources.
• Fish and other marine life are being raised in
  ocean farms to help feed growing human
  populations.

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Lesson 5- Ocean Pollution
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Lesson 5 Vocabulary

• Nonpoint-source pollution- pollution that comes
  from many sources rather from a single, specific
  site
• Point-source pollution- pollution that comes from
  a specific site

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Lesson Summary

• Two main types of ocean pollution are
  nonpoint-source pollution and point-source
  pollution.
• Types of nonpoint-source pollution include oil
  and gasoline from cars, trucks and watercraft.

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Sources

• Science textbook
• www.ask.com/images