The Chemistry of Cosmetics making lip balm

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The Chemistry of Cosmetics-making lip balm
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History of Cosmetics

• Ancient Egyptian women used kohl (mixture of soot
  and other ingredients) to darken their eyelids
• Cleopatra is said to have bathed in milk to
  whiten and soften her skin
• Greek women used poisonous lead carbonate to
  achieve a pale complexion

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Education for Cosmetic Chemists
Most cosmetic chemists have a college degree in
chemistry

• Coursework
• Chemistry
• Microbiology
• Statistics
• Aroma and Flavor Chemistry
• Aerosols
• Cosmetic Formulations

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Surfactants

• surface-active agent"
• A chemical that stabilizes mixtures of oil and
  water by reducing the surface tension at the
  interface between the oil and water molecules.

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Emulsions

• An emulsion is a mixture of two unblendable
  substances. One substance is dispersed in the
  other.
• Example Lotion
• (Oil-in-Water Emulsion)

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Water

• Water is one of the most common solvents in
  cosmetics
• How are solvents important in cosmetic solutions?

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Emollients

• Emollients are substances that soften and soothe
  the skin.
• They are used to correct dryness and scaling of
  the skin.
• They are a key component in the manufacture of
  lipstick, lotions, and other cosmetic products.
• Example Almond Oil

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Stabilizers

• The primary function is to protect your skin from
  long-term degradation from UV light
• Example Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) used in
  sunscreens high refractive index UV light
  absorbing capabilities

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Active Ingredient

• The ingredient that is responsible for producing
  the desired effect of a mixture of ingredients
  and for giving the product its main
  characteristic

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Lip Balm Ingredients
Beeswax
Almond Oil
Mango Butter
Shea Butter
Flavoring
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Questions to think about?

• Q What characteristics do the beeswax, shea
  butter, and mango butter have in common?

A All are solid organic fats!
Q What is different about the sweet almond oil?
A It is a true organic liquid oil.

• Q What happened when we heated the fats? Did
  they change physically or chemically?

A Physical Change

• Q Why do you think we did not heat the sweet
  almond oil?

A It is already in a liquid state.