Life on an Ocean Planet

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• Choose to view chapter section with a click on
  the section heading.
• Life on an Ocean Planet
• Defining Your Study
• Science, Technology, Society and You
• How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently

Chapter Topic Menu
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The Scientist in You

• What is a scientist?
• Someone who uses the processes of science to
  find answers about how and why things work
• in the world.
• in the observable universe.
• This is what makes science an adventure full of
  discovery and wonder.
• Science is about facts and how you analyze those
  facts. Doing thisanalysis is called the
  scientific processand when you use it, you are
  a scientist.

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Page 1-3
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The Ocean Planet

• The oceans produce two influences vital to life
  on Earth.
• Weather and world climate patterns dictate how
  warm, cold, wet, or dry it will be. This largely
  determines where humans live on land.
• In addition, the oceans provide three important
  marine resources Food Oxygen Natural
  Resources (such as oil)
• Humans have seen all of the Earths surface, but
  theres far more to discover below than on it.
• Humans increasingly change the oceans
  pollutionand overfishing have caused serious
  damage, coralreefs are dying off, and theres
  more.
• What you learn here about the science of
  investigationand problem-solving, regardless of
  your final careerchoice, benefits you by making
  you a more capableperson who contributes to
  society.

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 1-3 to 1-5
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Thinking About the Process of Science in a
Concept Map
Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 1-6 1-7
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Marine Science

• Marine Science the process of discovering the
  facts,processes, and unifying principles that
  explain thenature of the oceans and their
  associated life forms.
• Oceanography the science of recording
  anddescribing the oceans contents and
  processes.
• There are four main branches of oceanography.
• Biological oceanography studies life in the
  ocean.
• Chemical oceanography studies the chemistry of
  seawater.
• Geological oceanography studies the geology of
  the ocean.
• Physical oceanography studies the physics
  within themarine environment.
• Technology has made marine exploration andits
  associated careers possible. It is
  throughtechnology that true marine exploration
  hasbecome possible.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 1-8 to 1-10
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Integrating the Sciences

• Marine Science draws on research from all three
  of the traditional sciences to understand what is
  observed in the ocean. Marine science is truly an
  interdisciplinary course of study. Most marine
  scientists have training in all three of the
  traditional science disciplines.
• 1. Physical Science study of matter and energy
  and their interactions.
• 2. Life Science study of living things and
  their interactions with their environments.
• 3. Earth and Space Science study of the
  physical Earth, the solar system, the universe
  and their interrelationships.
• Studying Science Itself
• Marine science involves four study areas beyond
  traditional science disciplines
• 1. Science as Inquiry applying science as a way
  of solving problems, answering questions.
• 2. Science and Technology learning how science
  advances technology and vice-versa.
• 3. Science in Personal and Social Perspectives
  how science affects you and society.
• 4. Historical Nature of Science understanding
  how science evolved as a discipline.
• Situatedness is the explanation of when, where,
  and why a concept came about. It is important to
  marine scientists because in oceanography, they
  may apply established scientific concepts that
  they will never personally demonstrate or
  observe. Situatedness gives scientists some basis
  for judging the validity of scientific concepts.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 1-11 to 1-14
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Cross-Disciplinary Nature of Marine Science

• Many sciences, professions, and careers draw on
  basic marine science. These disciplines include
  atmospheric science, astronomy, ecology,
  biomedical research, environmental science, etc.
• Cross-discipline areas of study include
• Math - Mathematics is the universal language
  that helps you explainthe physical nature of
  the oceans.
• History A historical review provides insight to
  the past, present, andfuture of our oceans. A
  historical background provides a context of
  howand why the study of oceanography has changed
  over time.
• Technology - Some say technology causes problems,
  some say itincreases our knowledge. It is really
  the advances in technology thathas made modern
  oceanography possible.
• Social Sciences - Decisions about the environment
  may affect thelife of others on the planet.
• Literature - Announcing scientific findings to
  others requires usingliterary and artistic
  forms.
• Arts - The method of experimentation may be in
  the form of videographyor ethnography rather
  than the typical experiment.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 1-15 1-16
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What is Science a Definition

• Science is a body of knowledge and an organized
  method used to gain knowledge about the
  observable universe.
• Technology A Benefit and a Burden
• A technology is a material system that produces
  intended results or in a general sense, knowledge
  of those systems.
• Technology has both improved and threatened daily
  life.
• Benefit - health care, transportation,
  communication, agriculture and exploration.
• Burden - issues such as pollution spills and
  global warming.
• There are three broad actions that society can
  take with respect to the effects of science and
  technology on the environment
• 1. Consider the environment a lost cause and
  disregard the effects.
• 2. Dismiss the effect as overstated by scientists
  and inconsequential.
• 3. Prioritize the consequences in developing and
  applying technologies.
• Without a doubt, the last broad action appears
  the most logical.

Science, Technology, Society , and You
Chapter 1 Pages 1-19 to 1-21
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The Scientific Method

• The formal, organized steps scientists follow in
  proposing explanations for their observations and
  then testing their explanations are called the
  scientific method.
• When you apply the scientific method, you apply
  scientific process skills (identifying the
  problem, classifying data, communicating
  findings, interpreting measurements, predicting
  outcomes, and recording data).
• The Five Basic Steps to the scientific method
  include
• 1. Identify the problem (or question)
• 2. Make a hypothesis making an educated guess
  you can test about the answer.
• You use inductive reasoning to propose a process
  that explains the facts you observe.
• You use deductive reasoning to propose what you
  would observe should a known process take place.
• 3. Test the hypothesis
• 4. Interpret and analyze results if the data
  support your hypothesis, you have a theory.
• 5. Report results, procedures and conclusions
• Reporting results is important because it allows
  other scientists to verify your work and
  conclusions, and It allows other scientists to
  build on what youve learned.

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Pages 1-22 to 1-30
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The Progress of Science

• Because science is a process, it changes.
• Science progresses through the revision of
  theories in the light of new evidence or better
  explanations of existing evidence.
• Just because there is a new theory and new
  evidence it does not mean thingschange
  overnight.
• Scientific progress also has social and
  scientific influences. Often, it takes acceptance
  by prominent scientists with noted credibility
  before the new theory replaces the old.
• Staying Current with Science
• Keeping up with current trends, findings, and
  developments benefit you
• You can anticipate changes caused by science and
  technology, prepare, and advance your career with
  them or . you can disregard them and spend time
  trying to catch up with those who dont.
• By being current you can help society handle the
  effects of science.
• You can base your ethical evaluations, estimates,
  and other potential effects on accurate
  information.
• You can then vote and voice opinions based on
  reality rather than on misconceptions.

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Pages 1-30 to 1-32
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Study Elements and Visual References

• There are six basic study elements (units) in
  Life on an Ocean Planet that divide marine
  science into meaningful segments. These units
  are
• Unit 1 Importance of Ocean Exploration
• Unit 2 The Foundation of Life in the Ocean
• Unit 3 A Water World
• Unit 4 The Motion of the Ocean
• Unit 5 Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea
• Unit 6 The Present and Future of the Marine
  Environment
• These units cover a broad spectrum of marine
  science fundamentals, which helps you prepare for
  a career in or related to marine science.
• The six units show you the various marine
  sciences.
• This covers what related careers involve. One
  goal being to help you find what areas of marine
  science fit best with your interests and desires.
• Most important, however, is your desire, passion,
  and interest in that career.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 1-34 to 1-36
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Visual References to Focus Study

• Headings (black) and subheadings (blue) divide
  each chapter.
• Paying attention to these helps to organize the
  materials.
• Learning Objectives are green found under
  subheadings.
• IMPORTANT as you read, find the answers
• to each of the learning objective questions.
• Relevant supplement information found
• in the purple-boxed sidebars.
• Photos and illustrations are red. These provide
  important
• visual information to illustrate what youre
  reading.
• Quick Quiz is found at the end of a main
• subject division. IMPORTANT Review
• the materials until you understand any
• questions missed before moving on.
• Review questions are found at the end of each
  chapter.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Pages 1-35 1-36
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Learning Effectively with Life on an Ocean Planet

• The first thing to do is survey this book. You do
  this by
• First, read the table of contents note chapter
  titles and subheadings.
• Next, go through from cover to cover. Pay
  attention to style and how its laid out. Look
  for the pattern in identifying elements the
  marine scientist profiles, quizzes, and reviews.
  Skim the glossary, index, and references.
• Surveying before reading makes learning more
  efficient and effective. It does this by
  establishing your mental framework about marine
  science.
• After surveying the bookthere are five study
  steps tofollow as you learn.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 1-36 to 1-38