Role of Technologies and Disaster Management

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Role of Information Technology in Natural
Disasters and Hazard Reduction An eye on
Pakistan Earthquake
Kashif Adeel MS (Project Mgmt.), National
University (NUCES), Lahore, Pakistan Quality
Lead, Advasys Pvt. Ltd.
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Roadmap

• Own Experience - 8th Oct 2005 Earthquake in
  Pakistan
• Scientific information - Pakistan earthquake
  of 8 Oct 2005
• Technologies for disasters prevention and
  management
• Remote Sensing Systems
• Geographic Information System
• Global Positioning System
• Warning and Forecasting System
• Internet
• Communication Technology

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Roadmap

• Information Systems required to manage
  disasters
• Strategies, Recommendations and Future plans
  for Disaster Mitigation and Recovery Management
• References

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Pakistan
Population 162 Million (Ranked
6th) Area 800,000 Sq. Km. (Ranked 34th) GDP
(PPP) 392,526 Million (Ranked
26th) Province 4 Capital Islamabad Urban
Population 33 Rural Population 67 Literacy
rate 44
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Proportion of People Killed per Type of Disaster
(1980-2000)

UNDP
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Earthquake Nature Almost unpredictable
disaster No early warning
But we can protect ourselves minimize the
damage to our homes, schools work places by
using Information Technology
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Earthquake hazard zones
Peak Ground Acceleration (m/s2)
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Largest earthquake in Pakistan !

• Date 30 May 1935
• Location Quetta / Balouchistan
• Magnitude 8.1 on the Richter scale
• Time 190046.9 UTC
• Epicentre 27.39N, 88.75E
• Depth 17 Kms
• Death 30,000

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Pakistan8th October Earthquake
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Earthquake, 8 Oct 2005
One of the strongest earthquakes in the area
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Earthquake, 8 Oct 2005

• Magnitude 7.6 on the Richter scale (USGS)
• 7.8 on the Richter scale
  (JMA)
• Classification Major
• Aftershock 200 from 5.4 6.2
• Date Saturday 8 Oct 2005
• Time 850 AM at the local time

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When disaster strikes, years of development can
be wiped out in seconds
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Earthquake Statistics

• Dead 73,000 persons
• This includes over 18,000 children
• Injured 150,000 persons
• Overall affected 3.2- 3.5 million persons
• Without Shelter 2.8 million persons (approx.)
• Without adequate food 2.3 million persons
• Employment loss 325,000 persons (30)
• Housing 400153 shelter units destroyed or
  seriously damaged.
• 2.8 million persons without shelter
• Education 4844 destroyed
• 2647 damaged
• Health 455 destroyed
• 119 damaged
• Roads 4429 km damaged (37)

Source Government of Pakistan - as of Nov 3, 2005
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Time to Learn

• In many areas of the world, like Pakistan and
  Iran, earthquake is the feature of our life
• Just we need is understanding the nature and
  characteristics of the earthquake
• We should learn how be prepared and what we
  should do when it happens.
• Use the Right Technology!

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DISASTER MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
RESPONSE
RESPONSE
RESPONSE
MITIGATION
MITIGATION
MITIGATION
search rescue
Risk analysis
Prevention
Preparedness
Risk analysis
Prevention
Preparedness
Risk analysis
Prevention
Preparedness
humanitarian assistance
hazard assessment
structural measures
warning and evacuation
hazard assessment
structural measures
warning and evacuation
hazard assessment
structural measures
warning and evacuation
vulnerability assessment
non-structural measures
Planning of disaster response
rehabilitation
vulnerability assessment
non-structural measures
Planning of disaster response
rehabilitation
vulnerability assessment
non-structural measures
Planning of disaster response
rehabilitation
reconstruction
reconstruction
reconstruction
risk assessment
risk assessment
risk assessment
Information Technology!
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Role of Technology and Systems Disaster
Management Mitigation and Response
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Technologies

• Remote Sensing Systems
• Geographic Information System
• Global Positioning System
• Warning and Forecasting System
• Internet
• Communication Technology

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REMOTE SENSING SYSTEM

• Set of techniques used to obtain information
  about the earths surface and atmosphere at some
  distance , usually by means of radiation from the
  electro-magnetic spectrum.
• e.g Earth Observation and Weather satellites

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Geographic Information System (GIS)

• It is a computer system capable of integrating,
  storing, editing, analyzing, sharing, and
  displaying geographically-referenced information.
• e.g.
• GIS can allow emergency planners to easily
  calculate emergency response times in the event
  of a natural disaster

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Role of GIS and Remote Sensing in various
disasters

• Earthquake
• Floods
• Landslides
• Search and Rescue

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Global Positioning System

• User at any point on or near the Earths can
  obtain instantaneous three-dimensional
  coordinates of their location.
• Makes it possible to pinpoint the location of
  damage sites and floodplains.

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Warning and Forecasting System

• Forecasting, monitoring and issuing early warning
  plays the most significant role in determining
  whether a natural hazard will assume disastrous
  proportions or not.
• Flood
• Cyclone

Earthquake warning station
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Internet

• Potentially revolutionary option for
• Rapid, automatic and global dissemination of
  disaster information.
• e.g. RISEPAK - Relief Information System for
  Earthquakes Pakistan
• Award Winning under Public Administrationcategor
  y by Stockholm Challenge 2005-2006
• Easy way to disseminate the information related
  to
• Weather observations
• Forecasts
• Satellite and other data

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Communication Technology

• Communication Technology is recognized as an
  integral to disaster management for a long time
  which include
• Internet
• Mobile Phones
• Fax
• E-Mail
• Radio and Television
• HAM Radio
• Can be effectively used in mitigation,
  preparedness, response and recovery.

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Natural Disasters would keep  happening, we
cannot avoid them, so lets prepare ourselves.
Lets build a Disaster Management Information
System..............
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Information Systems required to manage Disasters

• Critical Incident Management System
• Supply Chain Management System
• Disaster Information System
• Integrated Financial Management System
• Applicant Assistance Centers
• Computer Networks
• e.g IBM Crises Management System, SAHANA in
  Collaboration with NADRA Pakistan

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• In the coming years the new technologies in
  communication and information will potentially
  redefine the conventional disaster management
  system.

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CONCLUSION

• Recognizing the fact that hazard mitigation pays
  high social and economic dividends.
• Carry out the engineering, architecture and
  planning measures
• -Risk Assessment
• -Land use zoning
• -Planning of habitat
• -Implementation of building codes
• Create the supportive structure of
• -public awareness
• -education and training
• -research and development about the safety
  from natural disasters
• Appropriate policy, financial and institutional
  support at national and state levels need to be
  provided for putting this strategy into a
  workable action plan.

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Final Words..

• The international community should demonstrate
  strong political determination required to
  mobilize adequate and make efficient use of
  existing resources, including financial,
  scientific and technological means, in the field
  of natural disaster reduction, bearing in mind
  the needs of the developing countries,
  particularly the least developed countries.

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Acknowledgements

• Special thanks to the participant
• Industrial concerned
• Government People

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References

• Earthquake Pakistan online Portal
  www.earthquakepakistan.com/
• US Geological Survey web resources on earthquakes
  http//quake.wr.usgs.gov/
• Recommendation on Establishment of Early Warning
  Systems by Dr. Xuan, Chairman ICST UNESCAP,
  Bangkok
• World Disaster Report 2005 IFRC/RCS
• Disaster Preparedness Mitigation and Response
  New Technologies and Systems by P.V.K. Reddy.IPS,
  Director NISA, Hyderabad
• Relief Information Systems for Earthquakes
  Pakistan, http//www.risepak.com/Default.aspx

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Q A
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