THEORIES OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT

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THEORIES OF CHILD DEVELOPMENT

• Chapter 3

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CHILD DEVELOPMENT THEORIES

• A belief system about why kids think, behave, and
  feel the way they do based on observation and
  research
• Crucial for developing ways of thinking about and
  interacting with children

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MATURATIONIST THEORY

• Gesell,Hall
• Primacy of genetic predetermination
• Kids reveal themselves like a flower
• Downplays importance of home/school
• environments.May cause inaction
• Supported by twin studies

4
BEHAVIORIST THEORY

• Watson, Skinner, Bandura
• Primacy of experiences
• Child starts out a blank slate
• Conditioning (Pavlov)
• Reward success ignore failure
• Imitation and modeling
• Break new tasks into small, sequenced steps

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PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

• Freud, Erikson
• Concerns personality development
• Emotional health stems from ability to resolve
  key conflicts between internal impulses and
  external demands

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ERIKSONS STAGES OF EMOTIONAL DEV.

• 8 life stages (through old age)
• 1. Trust V mistrust
• 2. Autonomy V shame, and doubt
• 3. Initiative V. guilt

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COGNITIVE-DEV THEORY

• Piaget
• Focuses on learning
• Constructivism knowledge is constructed through
  interaction with the environment
• Assimilation and accommodation

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PIAGETS STAGES OF COGNITIVE DEV

• Sensorimotor
• Preoperational
• Concrete operational
• Formal operational

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SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY

• Vygotsky
• Knowledge is constructed through interaction with
  objects, and is assisted by language and social
  interaction
• Scaffolding
• Zone of proximal development

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ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS THEORY

• Bronfenbrenner
• Institutions that surround us affect how children
  develop
• Microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem