Medieval Ireland

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Medieval Ireland

• By Tim Smith, Chris Zavesky, Mike Alcutt

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Early Medieval Ireland 800AD-1166AD

• Ireland is invaded by the Vikings from Norway in
  the year 800 A.D.
• Vikings build settlements along the Ireland
  coast.
• 852AD Viking King Ivar Beinlaus establishes a
  fortress in Dublin.

3
End of Vikings Rule

• The long dynasty of Ivar Beinlaus collapses
  because of the king of Meath, Maelsechlainn and
  Brian Boru at the battle of Clontarf. (1014AD)

4
Irelands Early Government Before the Norman
Invasion

• Ireland was made up of many small kingdoms
  called Tuaths.
• Each tuaths King was elected by each free man of
  its territory.
• 80-100 tuaths made up each kingdom.
• Above the tuaths were larger provincial kingdoms.
  
• There was warfare between all these provincial
  kingdoms over the spot of high King.

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The Invasion of the Normans

• 1155 The first English Pope Adrian IV issues a
  Papal Bull which gave King Henry the right to
  invade Ireland.
• Mean While in Ireland The King of Leinster,
  Diarmait was forced out of his kingdom by the new
  High King, Conchobair.
• Diarmait receives permission from King Henry II
  of England to obtain the Norman forces to regain
  his kingdom.
• 1169 Leinster was regained Waterford and Dublin
  were under Diarmaits control.

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Invasion Continued

• Diarmait proclaims his son-in-law Strongbow to
  become heir of his kingdom.
• King Henry II fears a rival Norman state
  developing in Ireland and in 1171 he sends a
  large fleet of Normans to Waterford, Ireland.
• The Irish Kings were not angered by King Henry in
  fact they saw him as a chance to control Leinster
  and the Normans.
• Irelands lands were seized by Normans and
  Ireland itself became a Lordship for King Henry

7
Control by the Normans

• This is a Norman built tower in Quinn, Ireland.
  The Normans left their mark by building many
  towers and castles like this one all over Ireland.

8
King John Takes Lordship of Ireland

• King Henry gave his son John Lordship of Ireland
• King John visits Ireland in 1185 A.D. and 1210
  A.D. to join all the Norman controlled areas and
  have the Irish Kings swear allegiance to him.

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King Johns Castle
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Events that Started the Norman Decline

• Many defiant acts from the Gaelic Lords began to
  occur which resulted in regaining land from the
  Normans
• English leaders were more concerned with other
  affairs this left the Norman colonists with a
  disadvantage to the native Irish without support
  from the home land
• Problems between Norman Lords caused war amongst
  each other.

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Norman Decline Continued

• Scotland invaded Ireland in 1315 led by Edward
  Bruce. He got the Irish Lords to fight against
  the English. Irish and Scottish troops won back
  good amounts of territory from the English.
• The murder of William Donn de Burgh, 3rd of
  Ulster causes his lands to be divided up and the
  people of those lands to rebel against England.
• The Black Death in 1348 hit the English and
  Normans the hardest because they lived in towns
  and villages close together. The native Irish
  were spread out all over the land. After this
  plague was finished native Irish controlled their
  country again.

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English Rule Withdrawals

• In the 15th Century English rule vanishes in
  Ireland. England was concerned with other matters
  within its own monarchy.
• The English Kings of Ireland gave there power to
  the Earl of Kildare named Fitzgerald.
• He then controlled Ireland with his military.

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How the Black Death Spread
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Effects of the Black Death

• Normans take on the Irish language and customs
  and the birth of Old English forms.
• Statutes of Kilkenny was enforced in efforts to
  ban the English from speaking the Irish language,
  wearing Irish clothes or inter-marrying with the
  Irish.
• Government of Dublin have little authority as
  result the Statutes did not have much effect.

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Work Cited

• Duffy, Sean. Ireland in the Middle Ages. New
  York St. Martins Press, 1997.
• Otway-Ruthven, Annette Jocelyn. A History of
  Medieval Ireland. New York Barnes and Noble,
  1968.
• http//www.medieval life.net/medieval_history_irel
  and.htm
• http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Ireland