The African Peace Facility (APF)

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• The African Peace Facility (APF)
• Historical background and context
• African Peace Facility 9th EDF
• African Peace Facility 10th EDF
• 1st and 2nd APF comparative table
• Further information

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1. Historical background and context

• Transformation of the OAU into the AU (2002)
• New approach non-indifference
• Development of the continental framework for
  peace and security
• AMIS in Darfur-first major AU peace operation

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1. Historical background and context

• Origins of the APF
• AU request to establish a Peace Support Operation
  Facility- Maputo Summit (July 2003)
• EU response APF operational in May 2004
• Legal basis Art. 11 of the Cotonou Agreement
• Nexus security-development No development
  without security

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2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF

• Objectives and scope
• Innovative instrument to support African peace
  and security agenda
• Scope- support to
• African-owned and led peace operations
• Strengthening capacity of the relevant African
  organisations
• Principles African ownership and solidarity,
  EU-Africa partnership
• Beneficiaries AU and sub-regional organisations

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2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF

• Programming
• Initial allocation- 250 M
• Peace support operations- 200 M
• Capacity Building 35 M
• Contingencies, audit, evaluation and monitoring-
  15M
• Three subsequent replenishments under the 9th EDF
  (total 150 M)
• Additional Voluntary Contributions of 8 EU Member
  States (Nearly 40 M)- first example of
  cofinancing under the 9th EDF
• By 2009 total APF allocation of 440M
• Additionally, 7,7M Contribution from South
  Africa budget line

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Commitments APF (M)
440
4th repl.55m
3rd repl.39.2m
2nd repl.45m
1st repl.50m
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2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF

• Main actions supported
• Peace Support operations
• the African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS) - over
  305M
• the FOMUC/MICOPAX Mission in the Central African
  Republic
• ( CEMAC/ECCAS) 53,2M
• the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM)
  35,5M
• the African Union Missions in the Comoros
  (AMISECMAES) - 5M 3,5M
• Main items funded allowances for military/police
  observers, troop allowances, rations, insurance,
  medical support, fuel and technical assistance

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Support to PSOs
MICOPAX
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2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF

• Main actions supported
• Evolution of payments 2004-2008 fund-consuming
  PSOs

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2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF

• Cases
• Missions in the Central African Republic
  FOMUC/MICOPAX
• Missions in the Comoros AMISEC, MAES

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2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF

• Capacity Building support
• Strengthening capacities of the African Union
  Commission AUC (6M),
• African Standby Force (ASF) workshops (988,552),
  
• Support to sub-regional organisations liaison
  officers to the AU, to early warning system and
  financial capacity of both SROs and AUC (7,7M
  contribution to the APF from South Africa budget
  line),
• Support to planning capacities of the African
  Standby Force, to early warning systems and
  financial management at both sub-regional and
  continental levels (20M).

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2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF

• Support to capacity building - examples
• Effort on institutional capacity, and links AU /
  SROs.
• 3 main CA committed under 9th FED
• 2004 6M prog. Reinforcement of the AU
  continental role PSC protocol and sec., AUPSOD
  experts (planning, PCRD, EWS,.)
• In 2008, 30 committed (11/ 40 experts
  recruited).
• 2006,2007- 7.5 20 M prog. Reinforce links AU/
  SROs, support build-up of APSA.
• Liaison offices for SROs in ADDIS
• Recruitment, Training, Equipment for EWS, Plan
  Elm, ASF.
• Implementation of a TA to kick-off the project,
  and setup a project management unit (PMU).
• Draft annual report commitment 20

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2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF

• Implementation/delivery
• APF managed by HQ
• Joint management, Contribution Agreements with
  Beneficiairies
• TA monitoring, reporting, training, advice
• Key issue limited AU RECS capacity, including in
  financial / administrative matters

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2. African Peace Facility 9th EDF

• Additional Voluntary Contributions
• Background AMIS APF depleted
• EC organised call for additional contributions
• 8 Member States responded. In total 39M
• Managed by EC. EDF procedures.
• Permanent feature under 10EDF

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3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF

• New context
• Africa-EU joint strategy
• Principles
• A jointly developed shared long-term vision
• A partnership between equals, moving away from
  the traditional donor beneficiary relation
• Political dialogue
• on issues of common concern (eg. peace
  security)
• on key issues for development (eg. governance)
• seeking joint responses to global challenges (eg.
  energy climate change)
• promoting a broad-based and wide-ranging
  people-centred partnership
• The Strategy goes beyond
• development cooperation (eg. sciences)
• institutions (eg. Non-State actors, civil
  society, private sector)
• Africa (eg. international level Poznan, UN)
• Treating Africa as one (continent-to-continent
  approach)
• EU test case for policy coherence, aid
  effectiveness, division of labour

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How does it relate to Cotonou? Institutional
framework
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Thematic Africa-EU partnerships

• Peace Security
• Democratic Governance and Human Rights
• Trade, Regional integration Infrastructure
• MDGs
• Energy
• Climate Change
• Migration, Mobility Employment
• Science, Information Society Space

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Institutional architecture with multiple actors
every 3 years
Summit
Political guidance
Inputs
Ministerial Troika(s) (MFA ad hoc sectoral)
2 x / year
Political dialogue, review, monitoring
Annual progress review
Senior Officials (EU-Troika AU extended Troika)
Expertise
Joint report
Joint Experts Groups (JEGs)
(implementation engine coordination body)
AUC, AU MS, RECs
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3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF

• New context
• Partnership on peace and security
• Objectives
• Enhance dialogue on challenges to peace
  security
• Full operationalisation of the Africa PS
  Architecture (APSA)
• Predictable funding for Africa-led peace support
  operations
• The African Peace Facility 10th EDF (2008-2010)
  300M major deliverable of the Partnership

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3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF

• New context
• Further development of APSA
• Establishment of APSA structures at the
  continental and regional levels
• AU Peace and Security Council,
• the Panel of the Wise,
• the Continental Early Warning System (CEWS)
• the African Standby Force (ASF)
• Regional Economic Communities/Regional Mechanisms
  (RECs/RMs) - building blocks of the APSA

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3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF

• Preparation of the APF 10th EDF
• In-depth consultation process with the African
  side- AU and RECs/RMs
• Based on the lessons learned and joint
  recommendations
• Seminar in Djibouti, November 2007
• Joint Coordination Committee of February 2008
• Consultation process in the Council, adoption in
  December 2008
• Fully integrated into the new context- Joint
  Strategy and Partnership on Peace and Security

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3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF

• Main orientations
• Financial muscle to support the Joint Partnership
  on Peace and Security
• Instrument to support all the three Priorities of
  the Partnership
• Enlarged scope to ensure an integrated approach
• Enhanced flexibility
• Co-financing as a permanent feature

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3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF

• Programming

Heading Component Allocation (3 years)
1 Operationalisation of APSA and Africa-EU dialogue 65M
2 Peace Support Operations 200M
3 Early Response Mechanism 15M
4 Audit, monitoring, evaluation, technical assistance, lessons learned and visibility 7M
5 Contingencies 13M
Total 300M
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3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF

• Early Response Mechanism
• Innovative feature of the APF
• Flexible and immediately available funding for
  urgent needs
• Launch of an African-led mediation initiative
• Preparation of a decision-making process and
  planning in view of an African led peace
  operation

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3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF

• Beneficiaries
• African Union
• African sub-regional organisations
• Relevant institutions/national structures within
  or related to the African Peace and Security
  Architecture

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3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF

• Decision making process
• Two procedures
• standard procedure for non-urgent interventions
• accelerated procedure for urgent interventions
• Choice of the procedure COM proposal, "last
  word" for the Council
• Specific provisions for "small" operations (up to
  10M)
• Specific feature Decision by COM with
  consultation and political appropriateness
  decision by the Council

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3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF

• Eligibility/ DAC-ability
• Eligible costs Non-lethal. Everything except
  weapons, ammunition, military equipment, basic
  military salaries
• Examples Allowances, medical, transport,
  valions
• Consequence complementary funding always
  required
• DACability
• APF 9th EDF non DACable
• APF 10th EDF Most activities non DACable -
  but scope broadened
• Commission to prepare annual report

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3. African Peace Facility 10th EDF

• Coherence
• Internally within EU/EC instruments and
  initiatives EDF (RIPs, NIPs, intra-ACP),
  Instrument for Stability, ESDP/II pillar
• EC/EU and Member States
• Other partners (UN, US, Canada, )

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1st and 2nd APF comparative table
Main features 1st APF (9th EDF) 2nd APF (10th EDF)
scope African-led peace support operations and relevant capacity Conflict prevention, including mediation Peace support operations Post-conflict stabilization Operationalization of APSA Africa-EU dialogue on challenges to peace and security
beneficiaries AU and sub-regional organisations in Africa AU and sub-regional organisations in Africa Relevant institutions/national structures within or related to the African Peace and Security Architecture.
allocation In total nearly 440M for 4,5 years, including AVCs (almost 100M per year), 300M for three years, without AVCs (almost 100M per year),
flexibility Decision making process of around 2-3 months More flexible decision making process introduction of an urgent procedure Elary Response Mechanism to be mobilised almost immediately
co-financing AVCs- first case of co-financing under the 9th EDF AVCs to become a permanent feature of the IInd APF Open for contributions from other (non-EU) donors
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Further Information

• DEV
• Anna STRZASKA, Panafrican issues and
  institutions, Peace and Security unit
• anna.strzaska_at_ec.europa.eu
• AIDCO
• Jens MOLLER, African Union and Peace Facility
  unit
• jens.moeller_at_ec.europa.eu