Photonic%20Crystals

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Photonic Crystals

• Dan Freeman
• Email drfreema_at_mtu.edu

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Overview

• What is a Photonic Crystal?
• Why do we care?
• How do we make them?
• Conclusion

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What is a Photonic Crystal?

• Optical Analogue of a Semiconductor
• Potential Differences in Semiconductor
• Differences in Indexes of Refraction in Photonic
  Crystals

Yablonovite (Yablonovitch et. al.)
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Why do we care?

• Computing
• Overcoming Moore's Law
• Optics
• Perfect Lenses?
• Telecommunications
• Full Use of Our Fiberoptic Network
• New Physics!
• Slowing C

A drawing of an integrated photonic circuit
(European Space agency)
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Faraday Rotation Explained
Note that the light is polarized.
Inside the material, the light can be thought of
as breaking down into two component waves which
propagate at different velocities and which
recombine on the other side.

• ß VdB
• Where B is the Magnetic field V is the Verdet
  constant of the material d is the distance the
  light passed through the material and ß is the
  Faraday Rotation of the light.

Image courtesy of Wikipedia
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How do we make them?

• Depends on the desired effect of the crystal
• To block large wavelengths mechanical methods can
  be used (i.e. Yablonovite)
• To block wavelengths in the infrared and visual
  spectrums we need to get more creative

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Sputtering

• Thin Film Deposition
• Ar Plasma
• Momentum Transfer
• A Word on Lattice Parameters

A Diagram of our Sputtering system (Haichun, 2005)
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Conclusion

• Photonic Crystals optical analogs of
  semiconductors
• Photonic Crystals have many uses including
  optics, computation, and telecommunications
• There are many methods of making Photonic
  Crystals depending on the desired effect of the
  crystal.

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Bibliography

• Parker G. Photonic Crystals Physics World
  Aug. 2000
• Rostovtsev Y., et. al. Slow, Ultraslow, Stored,
  and Frozen Light Optical and Photonics News
  June 2002
• Yablonovitch E., et. al. Photonic band
  structure the face- centered-cubic case Phys.
  Rev. Lett. 1989
• Haichun Y. Ph.D Thesis RF Magnetron-Sputtering
  for Thin Films and Simulation Modeling for 1-D
  Magnetic Photonic Waveguide Devices MTU
  (Internal), 2005
• Prathner D. Photonic Crystals An Engineering
  Perspective Optical Photonics News, June 2002
  
• Mingaleev S., Kivshar Y. Nonlinear Photonic
  Crystals Toward All-Optical Technologies
  Optical Photonics News, July 2002