Elektronika Daya

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Elektronika Daya

• Pekik Argo Dahono

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Elektronika Daya

• Disiplin ilmu yang mempelajari penggunaan
  teknologi elektronika dalam konversi energi
  (daya) elektrik.
• Mengapa energi (daya) elektrik perlu
  dikonversikan?
• Hampir semua peralatan listrik bekerja kurang
  efisien atau tidak bisa bekerja pada sumber
  energi (daya) elektrik yang tersedia.
• Banyak pembangkit energi (daya) elektrik
  nonkonvensional mempunyai bentuk yang tidak
  kompatibel dengan sumber energi (daya) elektrik
  lainnya.

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Konverter Daya
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Klasifikasi Konverter Daya

• Konverter DC-ke-DC (Chopper)
• Konverter AC-ke-DC (Penyearah)
• Konverter DC-ke-AC (Inverter)
• Konverter AC-ke-AC (Cycloconverter/Matrix)

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Konverter Sinyal dan Daya

Efficiency is the key
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Regulator tegangan

Efficiency is very low No ripples on the input
and output sides
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Switching Regulator

Efficiency is very high Ripples on the input and
output sides
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Linear and Switching Power Supplies

Linear
Switching
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Switching Mode Power Supplies

• Advantages
• High efficient and small size
• DC filter capacitor is working at high voltage
  (Energy stored is high)
• The reactive component requirements are small.
• Disadvantages
• Control is more complicated
• EMC problems

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Power Supply Comparison
Power Density Efficiency
Linear Power Supply lt0.12 W/cm3 lt40
SMPS 6W/cm3 gt95
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Power Electronic Applicationsin Power Generation

• Excitation system
• Automatic Voltage Regulator
• Variable Speed Power Generation (Hydro, Wind,
  Microturbine gas)
• Power Conditioners for Renewable Power Generation
  (Fuel cells, solar cells)
• Energy Storage

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Excitation System in Brushless AC Generator
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Renewable Energy System
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Rote Island Hybrid Power System
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Power Electronic Applications in Power
Transmission

• High-Voltage Direct Current Transmission
• Static VAR Compensators
• Series Compensation
• Phase Shifters
• Dynamic Braking
• Flexible AC Transmission System
• High-Speed Circuit Breakers

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Static VAR Compensator

• Improving power factor
• Reducing voltage drop and losses
• Increasing maximum power transfer
• Improving damping factor

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HVDC Transmission System

• Asynchronous links
• Suitable for long distance transmission and
  underground cable transmission
• Improving damping factor

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Power Electronic Applications in Power
Distribution

• Static VAR Compensators
• Power Conditioners
• Active Filters
• Unified Power Conditioners
• Dynamic Voltage Restorers
• High-Speed Circuit Breakers
• Light High-Voltage Direct-Current Distribution
• Power conditioners for distributed power
  generation

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Active Filter
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Power Electronic Applications in Transportation
Industries

• High-Speed Trains
• Electric vehicles
• Elevators
• Airplanes
• Ships
• Unmanned vehicles

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PWM Inverter for Electric Traction
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Shinkansen
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Electric Traction
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Electric Traction
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Diesel Electric Locomotive
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Toyota Prius
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Ford Escape
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Toyota Siena
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Honda Accord
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Hybrid Vehicles
parallel
Split
Series
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Power Electronic Applications in Industries

• Rolling mills
• Variable speed pump systems
• Cement kilns
• Rolling ball mills
• Robotics
• Electrolysis

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Variable Speed Drive Applications
Fixed Speed
VSD
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Variable Speed Drives
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Variable Speed Pumping System
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Power Electronic Applications in Home Appliances

• Microwave heating
• Air conditioners
• Refrigerators
• Toasters
• Cookers
• Vacuum cleaners
• Wash machines

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Power Electronic Applications in Information
Industries

• DC power supplies
• Distributed power supplies
• Power conditioners
• Uninterruptible power supplies
• Battery chargers
• Voltage Regulator Modules

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Is power electronics new technology?

• Power electronics have been developed since the
  beginning of 20th century when mercury arc and
  vacuum tubes technology was emerged.
• Power conversion has been known for a long time
  by using a combination of electrical machinery.
• Power electronics development has grown very fast
  since the introduction of thyristor or SCR
  (Semiconductor controlled rectifier) in nineteen
  fifties.

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Interdiciplinary nature of power electronics
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Current Challenges

• Voltage regulator modules for microprocessors
• Embedded inverter for motor drives
• Intelligent power ICs
• Flexible AC power transmission systems
• Custom power distribution system
• Unified power conditioners
• Renewable energy power generation system

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Microprocessor operating voltages

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Laptop Power Supply System
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Matriks saklar

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Penyearah tak terkendali

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Penyearah terkendali
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AC regulator

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Phase-Controlled AC-AC Cycloconverter
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Konverter DC-ke-DC

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Inverter PWM

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Understanding Power Electronic Circuits

• Consider all power semiconductor switches as
  ideal switches
• Ideal switches have no voltage drop, no leakage
  current, and transition times are zero.
• Practical considerations are given in detailed
  design.
• Background on signal electronics is useful to
  understand power electronics.

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The End