Plant%20Anatomy

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Plant Anatomy

• Systems and Tissues

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Plant Structure

• Root and shoot systems are made up of basic plant
  organs roots, leaves, stems, flowers.

3
Root system

• What are the major functions of roots?

4
Shoot system functions

• What are some of the major functions performed by
  the shoot system?

5
Structure is used in classification

• Two main categories of flowering plants monocots
  and dicots
• The two groups are distinguished on the basis of
  flower parts, leaf veins, and other structural
  features.

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Flowers
Monocots flower parts in 3s
Dicots flower parts in 4s, 5s, 6s
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Leaves
Monocots parallel veins in leaves
Dicots network of veins in the leaves
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Roots
Monocots fibrous root system with no main tap
root.
Dicots Main tap root, with smaller side roots
branching off.
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Seeds
Monocots single cotyledon endosperm and
cotyledon are separate
Dicots two cotyledons endosperm is contained in
the cotyledon.
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This flower is probably a

1. Monocot
2. Dicot

11
This flower is probably a

1. Monocot
2. Dicot

12
This flower is probably a

1. Monocot
2. Dicot

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W O R K T O G E T H E R

• If youre asked to distinguish between monocots
  and dicots, which plant parts would make this
  task easiest?

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Plant Tissues

• Dermal tissue
• Ground tissue
• Vascular tissue

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Copy this table
Primary tissue type Sub-types Structure Functions
Dermal Epidermis
Dermal Periderm
Ground Parenchyma
Ground Collenchyma
Ground Sclerenchyma
Vascular Xylem
Vascular Phloem
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Dermal tissue Epidermis

• How is an epidermis of a plant similar to your
  epidermis?
• What does the epidermis do?
• What features do you see in these cells?

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Dermal tissue Periderm

• How is the periderm like the layer of dead skin
  cells on human skin?
• What does the periderm do?
• What features do you see in these cells?

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Ground tissue Parenchyma

• What can you see in these parenchyma cells?
• What are some functions of parenchyma cells?

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Ground Tissue Collenchyma

• How might support cells be different from other
  plant cells?
• Plants dont have a skeletal system as humans do.
  What holds a plant up?
• What features do you see in these cells?

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Ground tissue Sclerenchyma

• How are these thick-walled cells different from
  collenchyma cells?
• What features do you see in these cells?
• Sclerenchyma cells are dead at maturity. Why
  might that be?

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Vascular tissue Xylem

• Xylem tissue moves water. What features would the
  cells need to carry out this function?
• What features do you see in these cells?

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Vascular tissue Phloem

• Phloem tissue moves sap, which is sugar dissolved
  in water. What features would the cells need to
  carry out this function?
• What features do you see in these cells?

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Wood contains cells that are dead at maturity.
They must be

1. Phloem
2. Xylem
3. Parenchyma
4. Collenchyma

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Potatoes are tubers (modified stems) that store
starch. Most of a potatos tissue must be

1. Sclerenchyma
2. Collenchyma
3. Parenchyma
4. Vascular tissue

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W O R K T O G E T H E R

• Linen thread for weaving fabric is spun from bast
  fibers that come from the stem of the flax plant.
  Bast fibers are long, tough, and strong. Which
  plant tissue type are they most likely made up of?