Digital%20Generator%20Protection%20System

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Digital Generator Protection System

• Microprocessor Based Protection, Control and
  Monitoring System
• Waveform Sampling
• User Friendly
• GE/Hydro Quebec Joint Development

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System Overview

• Multiple Microprocessors
• Sampling Rate 12 Samples/Cycle
• 20 MHz Operation
• Auto Gain Change A/D Converter

DSPS 3-TMS320
MICROPROCESSORS 2-80C186
8 CURRENTS
ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER
FILTER AND MUX
REMOTE PC
4 VOLTAGES
MMI
TIME SYNCH (IRIG-B)
4 TRIP RELAYS
DIGITAL INPUTS/ OUTPUTS
6 CONTACT INPUTS
11 AUXILIARY RELAYS
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Applications

• For Small, Medium and Large Generator Protection
• Suitable for Variety of Prime-Movers - Gas,
  Steam, Hydro Turbines
• Most Commonly Used Protection Functions Packaged
  in a Standard Modular Case

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Protective Functions
(87G)

• Stator Differential (87G)
• Variable Slope Characteristic
• 100 Stator Ground Fault (64G)
• Two Overlapping Zones
• 95 with Fundamental Neutral OV
• 15 with 3rd Harmonic Comparator
• or 15 with 27TN Function (Special)
• Time Overcurrent with Voltage Restraint (51V)
• Current Unbalance (46)
• Negative Sequence Overcurrent - I22t
• Linear Reset Characteristic
• Loss of Excitation (40)
• Two Zones of Off-Set Mho

(40)
X
R
Offset Xd 2
Diameter 1.0 pu
Diameter Xd
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Protective Functions (Cont.)
(24)
VOLTS/HERTZ ()

• Overexcitation or V/Hz (24)
• Inverse Characteristic
• Instantaneous with Time Delay
• Reverse Power (32)
• Two Levels
• Under/Over Frequency (81)
• Multiple Steps (2-4)
• Undervoltage Cutoff Feature
• Overvoltage (59)
• Inverse Characteristic
• Undervoltage (27)
• Neutral Overcurrent (51GN)

Transformer Limit Curve on Generator Voltage Base
140
Generator Manufacturers Recommended Protection
Curve
130
120
110
Relay Characteristic
100
.01
0.1
1.0
10
100
TIME (MINUTES)
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Additional Protective Features

• Voltage Transformer Fuse Failure (VTFF)
• Internal or External
• Block 40 and 51V functions

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Adaptive Sampling Interval - 30.5 - 79.5 Hz
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Additional Protective Features

• Accidental Energization Logic
• Sequential Trip Logic

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Inputs

• (8) Currents
• Ia, Ib, Ic, In(Neutral Side)
• Ia, Ib, Ic, In(System Side)
• (4) Voltages
• Va, Vb, Vc(Wye or Open Delta)
• Vng(Neutral Ground Xfmr)

• IRIG-B Time Synchronization
• (6) Digital Inputs
• Two External Trip (DI3, DI4)
• Generator Off-Line Indication (AE)
• Turbine Inlet Valve Close Indication (Sequential
  Trip)
• Oscillography Trigger
• External VT Fuse Failure

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Outputs

• (4) Trip Relays
• Two From A Contacts Each
• Configurable
• (11) Auxiliary Relays
• One Form C Contact Each
• Four Configurable Alarm Contacts (74A, 74B, 74C,
  74D)
• Pre-defined Alarm Contacts
• Critical Self-Test Alarm
• Non Critical Self-Test Alarm
• VT Fuse Failure Alarm
• Test Pickup Indication
• Test Trip Indication
• Loss of Power Supply No. 1
• Loss of Power Supply No. 2

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Simplified Logic Diagram
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Monitoring

• Present Values
• Trip Circuit Monitor
• Fault Reports (Last 3 Faults)
• Sequence of Events(Last 100 Events)
• Self Tests

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Present Value Monitoring

• Currents
• System and Neutral Side (Ia, Ib, Ic, In)
• Negative Sequence
• Voltages
• Va, Vb, Vc
• 3rd Harmonic Voltage (Phase and Neutral)
• Megawatts
• Mvars
• Frequency
• Status of Digital Inputs

Scroll on Command or Display Selected Parameters
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Trip Circuit Monitor

• Trip Voltage Monitor
• Normal Condition
• Four Trip Circuits (94G, 94G1, 94G2, 94G3)
• Trip Current Monitor
• Trip Condition
• Four Trip Circuits (94G, 94G1, 94G2, 94G3)
• Seal-in of Output Relay
• Disable/Enable Feature

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Communications

• Local MMI (Standard)
• 2 Level Password Protection
• 16 LED Alphanumeric Display
• Keypad with 20 Keys
• Separate Function Keys for
• Settings
• Action
• Information
• 19 LED Targets
• Status LED
• Local Printer Port (AA, CA models)

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Communications

• Remote Access
• Via RS232 DGP-LINK Software
• Front and Rear RS232 Ports
• 3 Level Password Protection
• Access to
• Present Values
• Fault Report
• Sequence of Events
• Oscillography
• Manual Control
• Relay Settings

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Present Values

• Currents
• Voltages
• Watts
• Vars
• Frequency
• Negative Sequence Current
• 3rd Harmonic Voltage
• Status of Digital Inputs

GEN Simulator DGP 0000 PRESENT
VALUES Station IDMALVERN Generator IDMODEL
GENERATOR 10/28/93 143723446 IAS
5696.0 A -014 DEGS VAN 008.5 KV 000
DEGS IBS 5488.0 A -142 DEGS VBN 008.1
KV -118 DEGS ICS 4864.0 A 104 DEGS VCN
008.2 KV 122 DEGS IAR 5680.0 A -014
DEGS IBR 5456.0 A -142 DEGS ICR 4880.0 A
104 DEGS NEGATIVE SEQ CURRENT 08.1 3RD HARM
PH 00.1 3RD HARM N 03.7 WATTS 126.
33 MWATT VARS 041.95 MVAR GEN OFF-LIN
OPEN INLET VLV OPEN DIG IN 3
OPEN DIG IN 4 OPEN OSC TRIG
OPEN EXT VTFF OPEN FREQ 60.00 SAM
PLING FREQ 720.0
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Fault Report
Gen Simulator DGP 0000 FAULT
REPORT Station IDMALVERN Generator IDMODEL
GENERATOR FAULT 02 FAULT DATE
08/09/93 TRIP TIME 051037829 FAULT TYPE
ABC TRIP TYPE 87G SYSTEM OPERATING TIME
000008 PREFAULT FAULT ---------------------------
----------- -------------------------------------
----------------- IAS 0128.0 A IAS 014672
A IAR 015664 A IBS 0208.0 A IBS 015264 A IBR
016704 A ICS 0080.0 A ICS 013600 A ICR 014960
A INS 0048.0 A INR 0384.0 A VAN 010.2
KV VBN 010.2 KV VAN 693.0 V VCN 010.0
KV VBN 693.0 V VCN 679.4 V FREQ
60.00 VN 047.0 V WATTS 1888.5 KWATT VARS
3777.0 KVAR 051037.834 87G PHASE A
ON 051037.834 87G PHASE B ON

• Prefault
• Currents
• Voltages
• Watts
• Vars
• Frequency
• Post Fault
• Currents
• Voltages
• Trip Targets
• Operating Time
• Selected Events
• Last 3 Faults Stored

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Sequence of Events
GEN Simulator DGP 0000 Events Station
IDMALVERN Generator IDMODEL
GENERATOR 10/29/93 143954971 94G TRIP CIRCUIT
OPEN ALARM ON 10/29/93 143335661 94G2 TRIP
SIGNAL RESET 10/29/93 143335660 32-1
OFF 10/29/93 143335639 32-2 OFF 10/29/93 1433
34396 32-1 ON 10/29/93 143331997 TURBINE
INLET VALUE CLOSED 10/29/93 143328423 GENERATOR
OFF-LINE 10/29/93 143326452 94G2 TRIP SIGNAL
ON 10/29/93 143326451 32-2 ON 10/29/93 142709
878 GENERATOR ON-LINE 10/29/93 142704968 TURBI
NE INLET VALUE OPEN 10/29/93 142654263 94G3
TRIP SIGNAL RESET 10/29/93 142654262 64G1
OFF 10/29/93 142650911 TURBINE INLET VALUE
CLOSED 10/29/93 142647584 GENERATOR
OFF-LINE 10/29/93 142642604 94G3 TRIP SIGNAL
ON 10/29/93 142642603 64G1 ON 10/29/93 142544
444 GENERATOR ON-LINE 10/29/93 142538202 TURBI
NE INLET VALUE OPEN 10/28/93 163231642 REMOTE
- SETTINGS CHANGE DONE 10/28/93 163230882 REMOT
E - SETTINGS CHANGE STARTED

• Operational Events
• Setting Changes
• Fault Data
• Status
• Diagnostic Self-Test Events
• Warning (Non-Critical Alarm)
• Failure (Critical Alarm)
• Time Tagged to 1ms Resolution
• Last 100 Events Stored
• Available at Communication Port or at Printer Port

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Sequence of Events

• Events Include
• Trip Signal ON / RESET
• Protection Function ON / OFF
• Digital Input Status
• VT Fuse Failure Alarm ON / OFF
• Trip Circuit Open Alarm ON / OFF
• Trip Circuit ENERGIZED / NOT ENERGIZED
• Password Changed
• ENABLE / DISABLE Outputs
• Setting Change START / DONE
• Failure Messages (Critical Self-Test Alarm)
• Warning Messages (Non-Critical Self-Test Alarm)

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Oscillography Data

• Currents and Voltages
• Digital Flags
• Internal and External Oscillography Triggering
• 120 Cycles of Storage Capability
• Up to 20 Cycles Prefault Data
• Up to 3 Trip Event Captures
• ASCII File Format(Readable by EXCEL/LOTUS/DGP-DAT
  A)
• Fault Report and Settings Saved for Each Fault

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Hardware and Packaging

• Testing and Trouble Shooting
• Optional MOD-10 Modular Test and Connection Plugs
  for Current/Voltage Injection
• Draw-Out Modular Construction
• Plug-In Modules for Test and Maintenance
• Removable Door
• Target Clearing Through Door
• Self-Test Diagnostics
• Critical Alarm
• Non-Critical Alarm

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Nomenclature Selection Guide

• DGP A
• 1 1 AMP Rated
• 5 5 AMP Rated
• 0 One power supply, 48 Vdc
• 1 One power supply, 110/125 Vdc
• 2 One power supply, 220/250 Vdc
• 3 Two power supplies, 48 Vdc
• 4 Two power supplies, 110/125 Vdc
• 5 Two power supplies, 220/250 Vdc
• A With Test Blocks
• B Without Test Blocks
• A Future Use
• A Function Group A See
• B Function Group B DGP Selection
• C Function Group C Guide
• A Revision Level

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DGP Selection Guide

• FUNCTIONS FEATURES A B C
• Stator Differential 87G X X X
• Current Unbalance 46 X X X
• Loss of Excitation 40-1, 40-2 X X X
• Anti-motoring 32 2 Setpoints 1 Setpoint 2
  Setpoints
• OC - voltage restraint 51V X X X
• Stator Ground 64G1 (Fundamental OV) X X X
• Stator Ground 64G2 (3rd Harm. Comparator) X - X
  
• Neutral OC 51GN - X X
• Over Excitation 24 (Volts/Hz) X X X
• Over Voltage 59 X X X
• Under Voltage 27 - X X
• Under Frequency 81-U 4 Setpoints 2 Setpoints 4
  Setpoints
• Over Frequency 81-O 4 Setpoints 2 Setpoints 4
  Setpoints
• Accidental Energization Logic X X X
• Sequential Trip Logic X X X
• Voltage Transformer Fuse Failure VTFF X X X
• Oscillography Data Capture X - X
• Communication Ports 2-RS232 2-RS232 2-RS232