Hexapoda

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Hexapoda
Insecta
Paleoptera
Neoptera
Polyneoptera
Condyloptera
Holometabola
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ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, hoppers,
aphids Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant
juices or blood, or to stab prey
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ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers,
Aphids Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant
juices or blood, or to stab prey
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ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers,
Aphids Sucking mouthparts, used to suck plant
juices or blood, or to stab prey
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ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids -
Suborder Auchenorrhyncha
- antennae on side of head beneath eyes - scale
over front wingbase usually present (tegula)
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• ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
• - Suborder Auchenorrhyncha
• - antennae on side of head beneath eyes
• - scale over front wingbase usually present
  (tegula)
• Delphacidae Plant Hoppers
• - flattened spur at apex of hind tibia

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• ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
• - Suborder Auchenorrhyncha
• - antennae on side of head beneath eyes
• - scale over front wingbase usually present
  (tegula)
• Delphacidae Plant Hoppers
• Dictyopharidae Plant Hoppers (!)
• - head extended into a
• Snout-like structure

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• ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
• - Suborder Auchenorrhyncha
• - antennae on side of head beneath eyes
• - scale over front wingbase usually present
  (tegula)
• Delphacidae Plant Hoppers
• Dictyopharidae Plant Hoppers (!)
• 16. Cicadidae Cicadas (157)
• - 3 ocelli
• - often large, but can be smaller, too

song
Periodic cicada (Magicicada)
dog day cicada
song
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• ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
• - Suborder Auchenorrhyncha
• - antennae on side of head beneath eyes
• - scale over front wingbase usually present
  (tegula)
• Delphacidae Plant Hoppers
• Dictyopharidae Plant Hoppers (!)
• 16. Cicadidae Cicadas
• 17. Membracidae Treehoppers
• - large pronotum that covers the thorax and
  abdomen

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• ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
• - Suborder Auchenorrhyncha
• - antennae on side of head beneath eyes
• - scale over front wingbase usually present
  (tegula)
• Delphacidae Plant Hoppers
• Dictyopharidae Plant Hoppers (!)
• - antennae in front of head between eyes
• Cicadidae Cicadas
• Membracidae Treehoppers
• Cicadellidae Leafhoppers (2500)
• - two rows of spines on hind tibia

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• ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
• - Suborder Auchenorrhyncha
• - antennae on side of head beneath eyes
• - scale over front wingbase usually present
  (tegula)
• Delphacidae Plant Hoppers
• Dictyopharidae Plant Hoppers (!)
• - antennae in front of head between eyes
• Cicadidae Cicadas
• Membracidae Treehoppers
• Cicadellidae Leafhoppers
• Cercopidae Froghoppers / Spittlebugs
• - hind tibia with a couple spines laterally
  and short spines at tip

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• ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
• - Suborder Sternorrhyncha
• - antennae long and filiform beak emerging
  between front coxae
• - tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
• Psyllidae Jumping Plant Lice
• - small 2-5mm, look like tiny cicadas with
  jumping legs

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• ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
• - Suborder Sternorrhyncha
• - antennae long and filiform beak emerging
  between front coxae
• - tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
• Psyllidae Jumping Plant Lice
• Aleyrodidae Whiteflies
• - antennae with 3-7 segments, whitish wings, no
  jumping legs

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Unusual for hemiptera quiescent stage
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• ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
• - Suborder Sternorrhyncha
• - antennae long and filiform beak emerging
  between front coxae
• - tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
• Psyllidae Jumping Plant Lice
• Aleyrodidae Whiteflies
• Aphididae Aphids
• - wings with 4-6 veins behind stigma extending
  to wing margin
• - cornicles
• - sexual and partheogenetic generations

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• ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
• - Suborder Sternorrhyncha
• - antennae long and filiform beak emerging
  between front coxae
• - tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
• Psyllidae Jumping Plant Lice
• Aleyrodidae Whiteflies
• Aphididae Aphids
• Adelgidae Pine and Spruce Aphids
• - wings with 3 veins behind stigma extending to
  wing margin
• - no cornicles
• - wings held roof-like

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• ORDER Hemiptera True Bugs, Hoppers, Aphids
• - Suborder Sternorrhyncha
• - antennae long and filiform beak emerging
  between front coxae
• - tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
• Psyllidae Jumping Plant Lice
• Aleyrodidae Whiteflies
• Aphididae Aphids
• Adelgidae Pine and Spruce Aphids
• - tarsi two segments, with 2 claws
• 23. Coccidae Scales

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While female scales remain immotile for the rest
of their lives once they have found a host, males
regrow their legs and usually develop wings at
maturity to find females. This is the Kuno scale
Eulecanium kunoense. Photo by Joyce Gross (and
very impressive it is too - photographing
something as minute as a male scale isnt easy).
From http//coo.fieldofscience.com/2009/12/soft-y
et-scaly-taxon-of-week-coccidae.html
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Hexapoda
Insecta
Paleoptera
Neoptera
Polyneoptera
Condyloptera
Holometabola
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HOLOMETABOLA COMPLETE METAMORPHOSIS
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ORDER Neuroptera
ORDER Coleoptera
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• ORDERS Megaloptera and Neuroptera Dobsonflies
  and Lacewings
• - four membranous wings with many crossveins,
  make the wings very netted

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• ORDERS Megaloptera and Neuroptera Dobsonflies
  and Lacewings
• - four membranous wings with many crossveins,
  make the wings very netted
• - soft bodies, mandibulate, tarsi 5 segmented
  no cerci, wing held rooflike over body

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• ORDERS Megaloptera and Neuroptera Dobsonflies
  and Lacewings
• - four membranous wings with many crossveins,
  make the wings very netted
• - soft bodies, mandibulate, tarsi 5 segmented
  no cerci, wing held rooflike over body
• - campodeiform larvae (with legs and very active)

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• ORDERS Megaloptera and Neuroptera Dobsonflies
  and Lacewings
• - four membranous wings with many crossveins,
  make the wings very netted
• - soft bodies, mandibulate, tarsi 5 segmented
  no cerci, wing held rooflike over body
• - campodeiform larvae (with legs and very
  active)
• - pupae naked or in a coccoon

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• ORDER Megaloptera Dobsonflies
• Hind wings broader at base the front wings,
  without forked major veins near wing margin
• 1. Corydalidae Dobsonflies ocelli present.
  Large

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• ORDER Megalopera Dobsonflies
• Hind wings broader at base the front wings,
  without forked major veins near wing margin
• 1. Corydalidae Dobsonflies ocelli present.
  Large. Males may have long tusk used for
  male-male competition for mates

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• ORDER Megaloptera Dobsonflies
• Hind wings broader at base the front wings,
  without forked major veins near wing margin
• 1. Corydalidae Dobsonflies ocelli present.
  Large. Males may have long tusk used for
  male-male competition for mates. Larvae
  (hellgrammites) have 8 lateral abdominal
  appendages, anal prolegs, and no caudal filament

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• ORDER Megaloptera Dobsonflies
• Hind wings broader at base the front wings,
  without forked major veins near wing margin
• Corydalidae Dobsonflies
• Sialidae Alderflies no ocelli less than 25mm,
  wings smoky all over

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• ORDER Megaloptera Dobsonflies
• Hind wings broader at base the front wings,
  without forked major veins near wing margin
• Corydalidae Dobsonflies
• Sialidae Alderflies no ocelli less than 25mm,
  wings smoky all over
• Larvae aquatic and predaceous, with a terminal
  filament and no anal prolegs

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ORDER Neuroptera Lacewings Hind wings equal
at base to front wings, with forked veins at
margin
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ORDER Neuroptera Lacewings Hind wings equal at
base to front wings, with forked veins at margin
- Prothorax elongate 1. Mantispidae
Mantisflies (14) - wingspan about 25mm
raptorial forelegs. Larvae are predators of
wasp, bee, and spider eggs. Not a big group, but
unambiguous and pretty neat-o.
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ORDER Neuroptera Lacewings Hind wings equal
at base to front wings, with forked veins at
margin - Prothorax elongate - Prothorax not
elongate - antennae clubbed/knobbed 2.
Myrmeleontidae Antlions (92) - antennae
shorter than body, about as long as head and
thorax. Resemble damselflies or dragonflies, but
with clubbed antennae and softer body.
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ORDER Neuroptera Lacewings Hind wings equal
at base to front wings, with forked veins at
margin - Prothorax elongate - Prothorax not
elongate - antennae clubbed/knobbed 2.
Myrmeleontidae Antlions (92) - antennae
shorter than body, about as long as head and
thorax. Resemble damselflies or dragonflies, but
with clubbed antennae and softer body. - larvae
are doodlebugs prey on ants at bottom of a
cone-shaped burrow
video
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ORDER Neuroptera Lacewings - Prothorax not
elongate - antennae clubbed/knobbed 2.
Myrmeleontidae Antlions (92) 3. Ascalaphidae
Owlflies (6) - antennae nearly as long as the
entire body stronger fliers
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ORDER Neuroptera Lacewings - Prothorax not
elongate - antennae clubbed/knobbed 2.
Myrmeleontidae Antlions (92) 3. Ascalaphidae
Owlflies (6) - antennae nearly as long as the
entire body stronger fliers. - larvae sit and
wait predators, sometimes covering themselves
with debris
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ORDER Neuroptera Lacewings - Prothorax not
elongate - antennae clubbed/knobbed -
antennae varied, but not clubbed/knobbed 4.
Hemerobiidae Brown Lacewings (61) - brown,
with forked costal crossveins giving wing a
fringed appearance
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ORDER Neuroptera Lacewings - Prothorax not
elongate - antennae clubbed/knobbed -
antennae varied, but not clubbed/knobbed 4.
Hemerobiidae Brown Lacewings (61) 5.
Chrysopidae Green/Common Lacewings (84) -
green or yellow color, coastal crossveins not
forked around wing.
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles - four wings on
most front pair are hard, leathery elytra -
hind wings, are membranous and folded beneath
forewings
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles - four wings on
most front pair are hard, leathery elytra -
hind wings, are membranous and folded beneath
forewings - mouthparts chewing, mandibulate type
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles - four wings on
most front pair are hard, leathery elytra -
hind wings, are membranous and folded beneath
forewings - mouthparts chewing, mandibulate
type - larvae variable vermiform, campodeiform,
scarabaeiform, platyform (not shown)
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles - four wings on
most front pair are hard, leathery elytra -
very adaptable
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles - four wings on
most front pair are hard, leathery elytra -
very adaptable - diverse. 40 of all insect
species, nearly 30 of all animals, 20 of all
species
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles - four wings on
most front pair are hard, leathery elytra -
very adaptable - diverse. 40 of all insect
species, nearly 30 of all animals, 20 of all
species - eat everything
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles - four wings on
most front pair are hard, leathery elytra -
very adaptable - diverse. 40 of all insect
species, nearly 30 of all animals, 20 of all
species - eat everything
Flower-eating beetle
Bean weevils emerging from seeds
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles - four wings on
most front pair are hard, leathery elytra -
very adaptable - diverse. 40 of all insect
species, nearly 30 of all animals, 20 of all
species - eat everything
Fungus beetles
Carrion beetle
Dung beetle
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles - four wings on
most front pair are hard, leathery elytra -
very adaptable - diverse. 40 of all insect
species, nearly 30 of all animals, 20 of all
species - eat everything
tiger beetle
Predaceous diving beetle
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Telephone pole beetles Water scavenger
beetles Minute moss beetles Mammal-nest
beetles Hide beetles Cicada parasite
beetles Wood-boring beetles Cedar beetles Fungus
beetles Tooth-necked fungus beetles Pleasing
fungus beetles Dry-fungus beetles Wounded tree
beetles Skin beetles Branch and twing borer
beetles Ship timber beetles
etcetera.
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles - Suborder
Adephaga notopleural suture (seam) on prothorax
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles - Suborder
Adephaga notopleural suture (seam) on
prothorax - aquatic hind legs fringed with
hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae 1.
Dytiscidae Predaceous Diving Beetles (500)
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video
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• ORDER Coleoptera Beetles
• - Suborder Adephaga notopleural suture (seam)
  on prothorax
• - aquatic hind legs fringed with hairs and
  flattened, metasternum without
• transverse suture anterior to coxae
• Dytiscidae Predaceous Diving Beetles (500)
• Gyrinidae Whirligig Beetles (56)
• - appear to have two sets of eyes above and
  below the water line.
• - spin around on surface, preying on insects
  falling on surface

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video
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Lateral gills on segs 1-9
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• ORDER Coleoptera Beetles
• - Suborder Adephaga notopleural suture (seam)
  on prothorax
• - aquatic hind legs fringed with hairs and
  flattened, metasternum without
• transverse suture anterior to coxae
• Dytiscidae Predaceous Diving Beetles (500)
• Gyrinidae Whirligig Beetles (56)
• - terrestrial metasternum with transverse
  suture
• 3. Carabidae Ground Beetles (2600) includes
  Cicindelinae Tiger Beetles

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Calosoma spp.
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Scaphinotus spp.
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles - Suborder
Adephaga notopleural suture (seam) on
prothorax - aquatic hind legs fringed with
hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae - Suborder
Polyphaga notopleural sutures absent -
Superfamily Scaraboidea antennae with an
asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments fore coxae
large, projecting below prosternum fore tibia
flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge
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ORDER Coleoptera Beetles - Suborder
Adephaga notopleural suture (seam) on
prothorax - aquatic hind legs fringed with
hairs and flattened, metasternum without
transverse suture anterior to coxae - Suborder
Polyphaga notopleural sutures absent -
Superfamily Scaraboidea antennae with an
asymmetrical club of 3-8 segments fore coxae
large, projecting below prosternum fore tibia
flattened, with 1 or more teeth on outer edge
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• ORDER Coleoptera Beetles
• - Suborder Adephaga notopleural suture (seam)
  on prothorax
• - aquatic hind legs fringed with hairs and
  flattened, metasternum without
• transverse suture anterior to coxae
• - Suborder Polyphaga notopleural sutures absent
• - Superfamily Scaraboidea
• antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8
  segments
• fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum
• fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on
  outer edge
• - antennal segments of club cant close
• Passalidae Bessbugs (4)
• - body flattened dorsally
• - mentum emarginate

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mentum emarginate
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• ORDER Coleoptera Beetles
• - Suborder Adephaga notopleural suture (seam)
  on prothorax
• - aquatic hind legs fringed with hairs and
  flattened, metasternum without
• transverse suture anterior to coxae
• - Suborder Polyphaga notopleural sutures absent
• - Superfamily Scaraboidea
• antennae with an asymmetrical club of 3-8
  segments
• fore coxae large, projecting below prosternum
• fore tibia flattened, with 1 or more teeth on
  outer edge
• - antennal segments of club cant close
• Passalidae Bessbugs
• Lucanidae Stag Beetles (24)
• - dorsal surface evenly rounded
• - mentum simple
• Feed on fluids of decaying wood

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• ORDER Coleoptera Beetles
• - Suborder Polyphaga notopleural sutures absent
• - Superfamily Scaraboidea
• - antennal segments of club cant close
• Passalidae Bessbugs
• Lucanidae Stag Beetles
• - antennal segments of club can close
• 6. Scarabaeidae Scarab Beetles (1400)

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Hercules Beetle
June bugs
Japanese beetle