American and French Revolution

1
Chapter 17

• American and French Revolution

2
British French Rivalry

• French and Indian War 1754-1763 known as the 7
  years war
• Treaty of Paris in 1763 confirmed the sweeping
  British victories not only in North America but
  in other parts of the world.
• British large debt
• Sugar Act and Stamp Act stressed economic control
  on colonies.
• Colonist resist new laws.
• Taxation without representation

3
Declaration of Independence

• July 4 1776
• U.S. An independent nation
• Influence of Enlightenment philosophers
• Power of the government came from the people

4
The Constitution

• Articles of Confederation provided inadequate
  government.
• Stronger government
• Federal System of governmentdivide government up
  central or federal government, and the individual
  states.
• Federal governmentdeclare war, make treaties,
  coin money, raise armies, regulate trade with
  countries.
• 3 Branches of government
• Bill of Rights

5
End of the Monarchy

• Invasion of France by Austrian and Prussian
  armies set off mass uprisings in Paris.
• Group of radicals gained control of the city
  government and set up an organization called the
  commune.
• Duke of Brunswick vowed to destroy Paris
• Commune accurately accused Louis XVI of plotting
  with foreign monarchs to overthrow the
  Constitution of 1791.
• Legislative Assembly suspended the office of the
  King.

6
Section 4

• National Convention
• Sept 1792
• No one supported the King
• Governed France for 3 years
• Proclaimed end to the monarchy and the beginning
  of a republic.
• Tried Louis XVI on charges of plotting against
  the security of the nation. Guilty Jan. 21, 1793
  beheaded.

7
Reign of Terror

• Lasted Sept 1793 to July 1794
• Suppressing all opposition
• Arrested, tried, executed many people on
  suspicion
• Marie Antoinette victim
• Bourgeoisie and Peasants

8
Napoleon Bonaparte

• General at age 26
• Military school in France
• Military genius
• 5 foot 2 inches tall
• Popular hero
• Great general of all time
• Move troops rapidly
• Napoleon defeated the Austrians 4 times

9
Napoleon as Emperor

• France declared an empire
• Pope crowned the new emperor/Napoleon placed the
  crown on his head himself.
• Defeat British navy and invade Great Britain.

10
Reorganization of Europe

• 1808 Napoleon dominated Europe
• Forced countries to sign humiliating peace
  treaties
• Enemy armies grew stronger
• Enemies copied his techniques and methods

11
Final Defeat

• Explain Napoleon's final defeat.
• Summarize why Napoleon was exiled.