How%20Nutrients%20Become%20You

1
How Nutrients Become You
2
Food, Nutrients, and Energy

• Six Nutrient Groups
• Carbohydrates
• Fats
• Proteins
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Water

3
The Functions of Nutrients

• Essential nutrients from food are used to
• build and repair body tissues
• regulate all body processes
• provide energy

4
Chemistry of Nutrients

• Five of the basic nutrient groups are compounds
• Carbohydrates
• Fats
• Proteins
• Vitamins
• Water
• Minerals are elements.

5
The Energy Value of Food

• The energy value of food is measured in units
  called kilocalories.
• 1 gram of carbohydrates 4 kilocalories of
  energy
• 1 gram of fat 9 kilocalories of energy
• 1 gram protein 4 kilocalories of energy
• Water, vitamins, and minerals do not yield
  energy.
• The more calories in a food, the more energy it
  will provid.

6
The Digestion Process

• Digestion is the process by which your body
  breaks down food, and the nutrients in food, into
  simpler substances.
• Mechanical digestions happens as food is crushed
  and churned.
• Chemical digestion is when food is mixed with
  powerful acids and enzymes.

7
Digestion

• As food is digested, it passes through a muscular
  tube leading from the mouth to the anus. This
  tube is called the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
• Each section performs important functions.

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Sections of the GI tract

• The mouth
• The esophagus
• The stomach
• The small intestine
• The large intestine

9
Absorption of Nutrients

• Absorption is the passage of nutrients from the
  digestive tract into the circulatory of lymphatic
  system.
• Some nutrients can dissolve in water. They are
  called water-soluble nutrients.
• Some nutrients can dissolve in fat. They are
  called fat-soluble nutrients.

10
Digestion

• Digestion Video

11
Assignment

• Read text pages 43-50 (up to metabolism).
• Answer questions on page 56.
• s 1 9. Due tomorrow.