Transgenic Animals

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Transgenic Animals

• By Amber, Catherine, Kayla, Lauren

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What is a transgenic animal?

• A transgenic animal is animal whose chromosomes
  have been changed to carry the genes of other
  organisms.

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How are (they) transgenic animals made?

• There are three main ways to produce transgenic
  animals microinjection, blastocyst injection,
  and the help of a retrovirus.

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Microinjection

• This involves injecting a trangene, the gene used
  to create a transgenic animal, into a fertilized
  egg.
• There is little ability to determine where the
  transgenic is located and whether it will
  survive.
• Because of this, most eggs do not survive or do
  not have the transgene, but between 1 and 30 of
  the eggs injected can produce a live transgenic
  animal.

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Blastocyst Injection

• This involves placing the transgene into an
  embryonic stem cell or ES cell.
• ES cells are cells that are able to develop into
  all types of tissues.
• The cells are injected into blastocysts, which is
  an early stage of development. The injected ES
  cells become part of the animal and the animal
  becomes a mixture of transgenic and original
  cells.

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Help of a Retrovirus

• A retrovirus is a virus that can insert itself
  into a hosts chromosomes.
• This virus is inserted into the cells.
• The animals that contain the virus must breed to
  produce a transgenic animal.

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Why are (they)transgenic animals being made?

• Transgenic animals are being made to help
  economic traits, be used as disease models, and
  help in medical research.

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Economic Traits

• Scientists created cattle to produce milk
  containing certain human proteins which may help
  in the treatment of emphysema.
• It also helps in breeding. Farmers can produce
  transgenic animals that have the needed traits
  for doing a specific job.

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Disease Models

• Scientists are creating animals with specific
  human diseases and cancers, so that they can
  study the affects it has on the body. They hope
  this will help them find a cure for the different
  diseases and cancers.

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Medical Research

• Every year people die because of lack of a
  replacement heart, liver, or kidney.
• Transgenic pigs may be able to supply these
  organs.
• Research is trying to find a way to remove a pig
  protein and replace it with a human protein.

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Collageon Photostory
Dolly
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Pictures to go somewhere in the project
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Credits

• Info from
• Transgenic Animals by Dag Marcus Eide
• The Virtual Embryo
• Action Bioscience
• Pictures from
• RNC Home
• Green Florescent Protein
• Belligerati
• Living the Scientific Life
• Geocities
• Matching Making
• Zoological Sciences
• Gurdon Institute
• Guelph
• Pittsburg Development Center
• Papilio
• EnviroZine
• 2 Day Blog
• University Animal Care