Chapter 01 - Introduction to Marine Science

1

• Choose to view chapter section with a click on
  the section heading.
• Life on an Ocean Planet
• Defining Your Study
• Science, Technology, Society and You
• How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently

Chapter Topic Menu
2
Life on an Ocean Planet
Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 1-3 to 17
3
The Scientist in You

• What is a scientist?
• Someone who uses theprocesses of science tofind
  answers about how and why things work
• in the world.
• in the observable universe.

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 1-3
4
The Scientist in You

• This is what makes science an adventure full of
  discovery and wonder.
• Science isnt simply a body of facts,but the way
  you analyze those facts.
• Doing this analysis is called thescientific
  process and whenyou use it, you are a scientist.

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 1-3
5
The Ocean Planet

• The ocean produces two influences vital to life
  on Earth.
• Weather and world climatepatterns dictate how
  warm,cold, wet, or dry it will be.
• Where humans live on land
• is mostly determined by the ocean.
• In addition, the ocean provides three important
  resources Food Oxygen Natural Resources
  (such as oil)

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 13 to 17
6
The Ocean Planet

• Humans have seen all of the Earths surface, but
  theres far more to discover beneath the ocean.
• Without knowing much about our ocean, humans are
  increasingly changing it for the worse.
• Commercial fishing is
• depleting fish.
• Pollution due mainlyto overpopulation.
• Crucial marine environmentsare dying off.

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 13 to 17
7
The Ocean Planet

• What is Ocean Literacy?
• Ocean literacy means understanding the basic
  concepts related to how the ocean functions as
  anecosystem, and how and why it is vital to
  humanexistence.
• Ocean literacy means
• understanding the
• consequences of human
• interaction with the sea.

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 13 to 17
8
The Ocean Planet

• Why is Ocean Literacy important?
• It allows you to make responsible decisions
  related to the ocean. Decisions regarding
• How you vote responsibly.
• The products and services to buy.
• Managing and preserving the ocean for our own
  sake and others.

Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 13 to 17
9
Thinking About the Process of Science in a
Concept Map
Life on an Ocean Planet
Chapter 1 Pages 16 to 17
10
Defining Your Study
Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 18 to 1-17
11
Marine Science

• Marine Science the process of discovering
  facts, processes, and unifying principles that
  explain the nature of the ocean, its associated
  life forms, and how the ocean interacts with
  other earth systems. Marine science is an
  integral part of Earth science.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 18 to 1-10
12
Marine Science

• Oceanography the science of recording
  anddescribing the oceans contents and
  processes.
• There are four main branches of oceanography.
• Biological oceanography studies life in the
  ocean.
• Chemical oceanography studies the chemistry of
  seawater.
• Geological oceanography studies the geology of
  the ocean.
• Physical oceanography studies the physics
  within the marine environment.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 18 to 1-10
13
Marine Science

• Technology has made marine exploration andits
  associated careers possible. It is
  throughtechnology that true marine exploration
  hasbecome possible.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 18 to 1-10
14
Integrating the Sciences

• Marine Science draws on research from all three
  of the traditional sciences to understand what is
  observed in the ocean. Marine science is truly an
  interdisciplinary course of study. Most marine
  scientists have training in all three of the
  traditional science disciplines.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 111 to 1-13
15
Integrating the Sciences

• Marine Science draws from
• 1. Physical Science study of matter and energy
  and their interactions. Physics and Chemistry.
• 2. Life Science study of livingthings and
  their interactionswith their environments.
• 3. Earth and Space Science studyof the
  physical Earth, the solarsystem, the universe
  and theirinterrelationships.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 111 to 1-13
16
Studying Science Itself

• Marine science involves four study areas beyond
  traditional science disciplines
• Science as Inquiry applying science as a way of
  solving problems, answering questions.
• Science and Technology learning how science
  advances technology and viceversa.
• Science in Personal and Social Perspectives how
  science affects you and society.
• Historical Nature of Science understanding how
  science evolved as a discipline.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 113 to 1-15
17
Studying Science Itself

• Situatedness is the explanation of when, where,
  and why a concept came about. It is important to
  marine scientists because in oceanography, they
  may apply established scientific concepts that
  they will never personally demonstrate or
  observe. Situatedness gives scientists some basis
  for judging the validity of scientific concepts.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 113 to 1-15
18
CrossDisciplinary Nature of Marine Science

• Many sciences, professions, and careers draw on
  basic marine science. These disciplines include
  atmospheric science, astronomy, ecology,
  biomedical research, environmental science, etc.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 158 to 1-16
19
CrossDisciplinary Nature of Marine Science

• Crossdiscipline areas of study include
• Math Mathematics is the universallanguage of
  science that helpsyou explain the physical
  nature of the ocean.
• History A historical review provides insight to
  the past, present, and future of our ocean.
  A historical background provides acontext
  of how and why the study of oceanography has
  changed over time.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 15 to 1-16
20
CrossDisciplinary Nature of Marine Science

• Crossdiscipline areas of study include
• Technology Some say technology causes problems,
  some say it increases our knowledge. It is really
  the advances in technology that has made modern
  oceanography possible.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 115 to 1-16
21
CrossDisciplinary Nature of Marine Science

• Crossdiscipline areas of study include
• Social Sciences Decisions aboutthe environment
  may affect the lifeof others on the planet.
• Literature Announcing scientificfindings to
  others requires usingliterary and artistic
  forms.
• Arts The method of experimentationmay be in
  the form of videography orethnography rather
  than the typicalexperiment.

Defining Your Study
Chapter 1 Pages 115 to 1-16
22
Science, Technology,Society, and You
Science, Technology, Society , and You
Chapter 1 Pages 118 to 134
23
Science - A Definition

• Science is a body of knowledge and an organized
  method used to gain knowledge about the
  observable universe.

Science, Technology, Society , and You
Chapter 1 Pages 119
24
Technology A Benefit and a Burden

• A technology is a material system that produces
  intended results or in a general sense, knowledge
  of those systems.
• Technology has both improved and threatened daily
  life.
• Benefit health care, transportation,
  communication, agriculture and exploration.
• Burden issues such as pollution spills and
  overfishing.

Science, Technology, Society , and You
Chapter 1 Pages 119 to 121
25
Technology A Benefit and a Burden

• There are three broad actions that society can
  take with respect to the effects of science and
  technology on the environment
• 1. Consider the environment a lost cause and
  disregard the effects.
• 2. Dismiss the effect as overstated by scientists
  and inconsequential.
• 3. Prioritize the consequences in developing and
  applying technologies.
• Without a doubt, the last broad action appears
  the most logical.

Science, Technology, Society , and You
Chapter 1 Pages 119 to 121
26
The Scientific Method

• The formal, organized steps scientists follow in
  proposing explanations for their observations and
  then testing their explanations are called the
  scientific method.
• When you apply the scientific method, you apply
  scientific process skills (identifying the
  problem, classifying data, communicating
  findings, interpreting measurements, predicting
  outcomes, and recording data).

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Pages 122 to 131
27
The Scientific Method

• The Five Basic Steps to the
• scientific method include
• 1. Identify the problem (or question).
• 2. Make a hypothesis making an educated guess
  you can test about the answer.
• You use inductive reasoningto propose a process
  that explainsthe facts you observe.
• You use deductive reasoningto propose what you
  wouldobserve should a known process take place.

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Pages 122 to 131
28
The Scientific Method

• The Five Basic Steps to the
• scientific method include
• 3. Test the hypothesis.
• 4. Interpret and analyze results if the data
  supports your hypothesis, you have a theory.
• 5. Report results, procedures and conclusions.
• Reporting results is important because it allows
  other scientists to verify your work and
  conclusions, and it allows other scientists to
  build on what youve learned.

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Pages 122 to 131
29
The Progress of Science

• Because science is a process, it changes.
• Science progresses through the revision of
  theories in the light of new evidence or better
  explanations of existing evidence.
• Just because someone proposes a new theory and
  new evidence, it does not mean things change
  overnight.
• Scientific progress also has social and
  scientific influences. Often, it takes acceptance
  by prominent scientists with noted credibility
  before the new theory replaces the old.

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Page 131
30
Staying Current with Science

• Keeping up with current trends, findings, and
  developments benefit you
• You can anticipate changes caused by science and
  technology, prepare, and advance your career with
  them or . you can disregard them and spend time
  trying to catch up with those who dont.

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Pages 132 to 133
31
Staying Current with Science

• Keeping up with current trends, findings, and
  developments benefit you
• By being current you can help society handle the
  effects of science.
• You can base your ethical evaluations, estimates,
  and other potential effects on accurate
  information.
• You can then vote and voice opinions based on
  reality rather than on misconceptions.

Science, Technology, Society, and You
Chapter 1 Pages 132 to 133
32
How to Learn Marine ScienceMost Efficiently
How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 135 to 1-43
33
Study Elements and Visual References

• There are six basic study elements (units) in
  Life on an Ocean Planet that divide marine
  science into meaningful segments. These units
  are
• Unit 1 Importance of Ocean Exploration
• Unit 2 The Foundation of Life in the Ocean
• Unit 3 A Water World
• Unit 4 The Motion of the Ocean
• Unit 5 Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea
• Unit 6 The Present and Future of the Marine
  Environment

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
34
Study Elements and Visual References

• These units cover a broad spectrum of marine
  science fundamentals, which helps you prepare for
  a career in or related to marine science.
• The six units show you the various marine
  sciences.
• This covers what related careers involve. One
  goal being to help you find what areas of marine
  science fit best with your interests and desires.
• Most important, however, is your desire, passion,
  and interest in that career.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
35
Study Elements and Visual References

• Major headings (black) and subheadings (blue)
  divide each chapter. Paying attention to these
  helps to organize the content in your head.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
36
Study Elements and Visual References

• Learning Objectives are in green. They are found
  under all subheadings.
• IMPORTANT as you read, find the answers to each
  of the learning objective questions.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
37
Study Elements and Visual References

• Relevant supplement information found in
  sidebars with purple headings.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
38
Study Elements and Visual References

• Photos and illustrations are labeled in red.
  These provide important visual information to
  illustrate what youre reading.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
39
Study Elements and Visual References

• Quick quiz questions (ARE YOU LEARNING?) are
  found at the end of a main subject division.
  IMPORTANT Make sure you can answer the questions
  from memory before moving on.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
40
Study Elements and Visual References

• New Terms You Learned found at the end of each
  chapter.
• From Chapter One on, these new terms build on
  each other. However, ALL terms are found in the
  Glossary.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
41
Study Elements and Visual References

• Chapter in Review questions are found at the end
  of each chapter.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
42
Study Elements and Visual References

• End of Chapter, critical thinking questions.
• Most of these dont have one right answer.
• Apply information from the Chapter.
• Respect differing views.
• Apply original thinking.
• Be able to defend your answers.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Effectively
Chapter 1 Page 135 to 1-38
43
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet

• Regardless of the subject you want to learn, use
  this study system to remember material from a
  textbook.
• SQ3R Survey, Question, Read, Recite and
  Review(these are the 3 Rs)

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
44
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet

• Step One Survey
• Fix the name of the chapter in your mind.
• Read the marine scientists profile.
• Scan the entire chapter. Read subheads, look at
  all photos and illustrations, and sidebar titles.
• Look for italicized new terms.
• Explore chapters general flow.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
45
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet

• Step Two Question
• Question whats in the chapter.
• Turn each subhead into a question. For example,
  if the subhead is Waters Unique Properties, in
  your mind ASK What are waters unique
  properties?
• Read all of the subheads study questions printed
  in green italics.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
46
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet

• Step Three Read
• This is where most students begin their study
  but if you do, your study will not be as
  effective.
• AFTER youve completed the first two important
  steps, now read the content within a subhead.
• Read to answer the green italics study questions.
• Its best to write down answers to all the study
  questions on a separate piece of paper.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
47
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet

• Step Four Recite
• When you find an answer to a Study Question as
  you read, recite it out loud or quietly to
  yourself.
• Reciting, not just rereading, helps you learn
  much more effectively.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
48
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet

• Step Five Review
• Answer the Chapter in Review and Connecting
  Chapter Concepts Science Scenarios questions
  at the end of each chapter.
• Answer the Marine Science in the Real World
  questions.
• Review the SciLinks internet reference on a
  topic.
• Use the laboratory activities and field research
  excursions to further your review.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
49
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet

• If you want to succeed at anything in life,
  persistence is most important review, review,
  review.
• Dont read Life on an Ocean Planet like a novel.
  Use the SQ3R study system to learn.
• Explore all provided references especially
  SciLinks.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143
To access SciLinks, go to www.scilinks.org and
register as a student.
50
Learning Effectively withLife on an Ocean Planet

• Connect what you learn in this course with other
  courses you are taking.
• Apply your learning to labs and activities.
• Follow your curiosity. If you find something
  interesting, explore that topic more fully.

How to Learn Marine Science Most Efficiently
Chapter 1 Pages 138 to 143