UPPER%20EXTREMITY%20BONES%20,%20MUSCLES

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UPPER EXTREMITYBONES , MUSCLES

• DR.VINIT.K.ASHOK
• ADJUNCT FACULTY

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BONES

• FORM PART OF THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON
• ARE ATTCHED TO THE TRUNK VIA THE PECTORAL GIRDLE(
  CLAVICLE , SCAPULA). SHOULDER JOINT ( UNSTABLE,
  GREATER RANGE OF MOVEMENT)
• BONES
• UPPER ARM- HUMERUS
• FOREARM RADIUS/ULNA
• WRIST CARPAL BONES
• PALM METACARPALS
• FINGERS- PHALANGES
• STUDY IN DETAIL FROM THE BOOK AND IN THE LAB

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MUSCLES

• ANY MUSCLE THAT CROSSES A JOINT ACTS ON THAT
  JOINT
• ORIGIN IS THE MORE FIXED ATTACHMENT
• INSERTION IS MOVED TOWRDS THE ORIGIN
• MUSCLES CROSSING THE SHOULDER JOINT( ACT ON THE
  JOINT AND ALSO MOVE THE UPPER ARM ( HUMERUS)
• PRIME MOVERS ( LARGEST)- PECTORALIS
  MAJOR,LATISSIMUS DORSI,DELTOID
• ROTATOR CUFF MUSCLES- SUPRASPINATUS,
  INFRASPINATUS SUBSCAPULARIS AND TERES MINOR
• TERES MAJOR AND CORACOBRACHIALIS
• TABLE 11.9
• MUSCLES ANTERIOR-FLEXION ARM
• MUSCLES POSTERIOR- EXTENSION OF ARM
• ABDUCTORS- MIDDLE FIBRES OF DELTOID
• ADDUCTORS P.MAJOR,LATISSIMUS DORSI
• STUDY THE NERVE SUPPLY

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(No Transcript)
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ANTERIOR SHOULDER MUSCLES
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POSTERIOR SHOULDER
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MUSCLES CROSSING THE ELBOW JOINT

• ANTERIOR ---FLEXORS) FOREARM
• POSTERIOR-EXTENSORS
• 1. ANTERIOR- BICEPS, BRACHIALIS, BRACHIORADIALIS
• 2. POSTERIOR-TRICEPS
• biceps brachii also supinates the forearm
• BICEPS AND BRACIALIS ------MUSCULOCUTANEOUS
  NERVE
• TRICEPS AND BRACHIORADIALIS------ RADIAL NERVE

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MUSCLES CROSSING SHOULDER AND ELBOW JOINT
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MUSCLES OF FOREARM

• CAUSE MOVEMENT OF THE WRIST , HAND AND FINGERS,
  SUPINATION AND PRONATION OF THE FOREARM
• ANTERIOR FLEXORS
• POSTERIOR-EXTENSORS
• PRONATORS( ANT COMPARTMENT) PRONATOR TERES,
  PRONATOR QUADARTUS
• SUPINATORS-( POSTERIOR COMPARTMENT) SUPINATOR
  MUSCLE
• MOST FLEXORS ARISE FROM THE MEDIAL EPICONDYLE
• MOST OF THE EXTENSORS ARISE FROM THE LATERAL
  EPICONDYLE
• AT THE WRIST THE FOREARM MUSCLES PRODUCE FLEXION,
  EXTENSION,ADDUCTION AND ABDUCTION OF THE HAND
• AT THE FINGERS THEY CAUSE ONLY FLEXION AND
  EXTENSION

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MUSCLES OF THE FOREARM

• SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP
• SUPERFICIAL-
• PRONATOR TERES
• FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS
• PALMARIS LONGUS
• FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS
• FLEXOR DIGITORUM SUPERFICIALIS
• ALL ARE SUPPLIED BY THE MEDIAN NERVE EXCEPT THE
  FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS ----SUPPLIED BY THE ULNAR
  NERVE

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SUPERFICIAL MUSCLESFOREARM
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DEEP MUSCLES FOREARM

• FLEXOR POLLICIS LONGUS- MEDIAN NERVE
• FLEXOR DIDGITORUM PROFUNDUS- MEDIAN/ULNAR NERVE
• PRONATOR QUADRATUS- MEDIAN NERVE

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DEEP MUSCLES OF FOREARM
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POSTERIOR MUSCLES OF FOREARM

• Extensors
• SUPERFICIAL AND DEEP GROUPS
• SUPERFICIAL
• BRACHIORADIALIS
• EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS
• EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS
• EXTENSOR DIGITORUM
• EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS
• ORIGIN LATERAL EPICONDYLE EXCEPT THE
  BRACHIORADIALIS/EXT CARPI RADDIALIS LONGUS
• NERVE SUPPLY- RADIAL NERVE

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SUPERFICIAL MUSCLE BACK OF FOREARM
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DEEP MUSCLES

• SUPINATOR
• ABDUCTOR POLLICIS LONGUS
• ENTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS / LONGUS
• EXTENSOR INDICIS
• ALL ARE SUPPLIED BY THE DEEP BRANCH OF THE RADIAL
  NERVE( POSTERIOR INTEROSSEOUS NERVE)

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DEEP MUSCLES
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INTRINSIC MUSCLES OF THE HAND

• MOVE FINGERS
• ALL ARE ON THE PALMAR SIDE
• ABDUCTORS, ADDUCTORS, OPPOSITION
• 3 GROUPS
• THENAR MUSCLES
• HYPOTHENAR MUSCLES
• MIDPALMAR MUSCLES( LUMBRICALS AND INTEROSSEI)

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THENAR MUSCLES

• ABDUCTOR POLLICIS BREVIS
• FLEXOR POLLICIS BREVIS
• OPPONENNS POLLICIS
• ADDUCTOR POLLICIS
• ALL ARE SUPPLIED BY THE MEDIAN NERVE EXCEPT THE
  ADDUCTOR POLLICIS( ULNAR NERVE)

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HYPOTHENAR MUSCLES

• ABDUCTOR DIGITI MINIMI
• FLEXOR DIGITI MINIMI BREVIS
• OPPONENES DIGITI MINIMI
• ALL SUPPLIED BY THE ULNAR NERVE

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THENAR AND HYPOTHENAR MUSCLES
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MIDPALMAR MUSCLES

• A)LUMBRICALS
• 4 IN NUMBER( NONE TO THUMB)
• WORM SHAPED
• ARISE FROM THE TENDON OF FDP
• NERVE SUPPLY ( LAT 2-MEDAIN NERVE, MEDIAL-2 (
  ULANR)
• B) INTEROSSEI
• -PALMAR ( 4- LIE VENTRAL TO THE DORSAL)-
  UNIPENNATE
• -DORSAL ( 4-)- BIPENNATE
• SUPPLIED BY ULNAR NERVE
• PAD, DAB

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LUMBRICALS
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PALMAR INTEROSSEI
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DORSAL INTEROSSEI