Chapter%202:%20Antacids

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Chapter 2 Antacids
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Introductory Activity Part 1

• Fill a film canister about half-full with room
  temperature water. Place about a quarter of a
  tablet of Alka-Seltzer in the canister and
  quickly push the top on. Stand back and observe.
  This is called an Alka-Seltzer cannon.
• In your lab group, brainstorm all of the
  chemistry involved in this process. What
  chemistry would you need to learn about to
  understand whats happening? Share your
  brainstorming with the class.

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Introductory Activity Part 2

• List everything you know about acids and bases.
  Where have you used them or come in contact with
  them in your life? Explain what you understand
  about antacids. Share your ideas with the class.

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Antacids

• This chapter will introduce the chemistry needed
  to understand how antacids work
• Section 2.1 Types of Matter
• Section 2.2 Naming Chemicals
• Section 2.3 Writing Formulas
• Section 2.4 Acids Bases
• Section 2.5 Characteristics of Acids Bases
• Section 2.6 Chemical Reactions
• Section 2.7 Balancing Chemical Equations
• Section 2.8 Speeding up Chemical Reactions

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Antacids
Chemical Formulas
Mixture
Balanced Chemical Equations
Compounds
Chemical Reactions
Acids Bases
Collision Theory
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IntroAntacids
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Why do we need antacids?

• Your body needs hydrochloric acid to digest food
• Too much causes heartburn, ulcers and can damage
  your esophagus

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Antacids versus Acid Inhibitors
There are two types of medicines you can use
Acid Inhibitors
Antacids
Neutralizes the acid currently in your system
Controls the amount of acid your body produces
Work quickly but your body will make more acid
again
Long-term solution, but needs to build up in your
system to be most effective
Alka-Seltzer , Rolaids , Tums , Malox ,
Mylanta
Tagamat , Zantac , Pepcid AC
Is it fair when a commercial compares the fast
action of an antacid to an acid inhibitor that
takes up to 7 days to build up?
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Section 2.1Types of Matter
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Matter can be classified
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Matter

• Anything that has mass and takes up space
• Anything made from atoms
• Examples
• Molecules
• Cells
• People
• Air
• Water

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Pure Substances versus Mixtures
Matter is classified as either a pure substance
or a mixture
Mixtures
Pure Substances
Every piece of matter is the same
More than one type of matter mixed together
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Elements versus Compounds
Pure substances are either elements or compounds
Compound
Elements
Every atom is the same type of atom
More than one type of atom chemically bonded
together. Every molecule is the same.
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Elements
Single Atom
Cannot be separated by chemical or physical
processes
Element
Pure substance Every atom is the same Elements
can be found on the periodic table!
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Compounds
Single Molecule



Made of more than one type of atom bonded together
Compound
Pure substance Every molecule is the same
Can be separated by chemical reactions only
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Mixtures
Mixtures can be classified as homogeneous or
heterogeneous
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous (aka solution)
It looks the same throughout
Different matter can be seen (chunks, bubbles,
floaties, layers, etc.)
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Mixtures
gt1 different type of matter
Can be separated chemically or physically
Mixture
Not a pure substance Physical combination of more
than 1 type of pure substance
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Mixture possibilities

• Mixtures can be any combination of solids,
  liquids and gases
• Solid-solid Medicine tablet
• Solid-gas Pop Rocks candy
• Solid-liquid Ice water
• Liquid-liquid Lemon water
• Gas-Liquid Carbonated water
• Gas-Gas Air

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True solutions, Colloids Suspensions
Colloid
True Solution
Suspension
Particles dont settle out and are too small to
scatter light
Particles dont settle out but are large enough
to scatter light
Particles will settle out over time
Dissolved Particle Size Increases
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Particles Scattering Light

• If the dissolved particles are large enough to
  scatter light, we say it exhibits the Tyndall
  Effect

Solution Light passes through unchanged
Colloids exhibit the Tyndall Effect Light is
scattered by larger solute particles
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Connect these concepts with Antacids

• What type of matter do you think antacids are?
• Pure substance (Element or compound)
• Mixture (homogeneous or heterogeneous)

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Connect these concepts with Antacids

• Antacids are mixtures.
• They contain active inactive ingredients
• What purposes could the inactive ingredients
  serve?

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Connect these concepts with Antacids

• Inactive ingredients might
• Add enough volume to make the pill able to be
  handeled
• Add color
• Add flavor
• Allow the tablet to be compressed and formed

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Lets Practice
Example Determine if each is element, compound,
homogeneous or heterogeneous mixtures
Tin foil
Copper pipe
Concrete
Carbon tetrachloride
Sports drink
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Lets Practice
Example Determine if each is element, compound,
homogeneous or heterogeneous mixtures
Element
Tin foil
Copper pipe
Element
Heterogeneous mix
Concrete
Compound
Carbon tetrachloride
Homogenous mix
Sports drink