THE%20COLD%20WAR

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THE COLD WAR

• (1945-1992)

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START OF THE COLD WAR

• The United States, Britain, and France (The
  Allies had freed their part of Germany to form
  West Germany. The Soviet Union kept East Germany
  and East Berlin Communist and under their
  control.

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START OF THE COLD WAR

• The division between Soviet and Free Europe was
  known as the IRON CURTAIN

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START OF THE COLD WAR
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SOVIET EXPANSION

• The Soviet Union led Communist Revolutions in
  Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Romania, and
  Bulgaria. These were added to Poland and East
  Germany. The Soviet Union organized to form the
  Warsaw Pact in Eastern Europe.

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SOVIET EXPANSION

• Warsaw Pact The Military Alliance between the
  Eastern European nations under Soviet control.

• The nations under soviet control were also known
  as the Communist Bloc

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SOVIET EXPANSION
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THE AMERICAN RESPONSE

• The Americans and their Allies formed the North
  Atlantic Treaty Organization (N.A.T.O.).
• President Truman released the Truman Doctrine
  that said that Communism would not be allowed to
  spread any more (Called CONTAINMENT).

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THE AMERICAN RESPONSE

• NATO The Nations of Western Europe that allied
  themselves with the United States to prevent the
  spread of Communism.
• Truman Doctrine Truman used military alliances
  and foreign aid to prevent the spread of
  communism in Europe and the Middle East.

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SPREAD OF COMMUNISM

• Communist Revolutions in China, Cuba, North
  Korea, North Vietnam as well as growing Communist
  movements in Latin America, Asia, and the Middle
  East.

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SPREAD OF COMMUNISM
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SPREAD OF COMMUNISM

• Domino Theory The fear that Communist
  revolutions would spread throughout Southeast
  Asia.

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NUCLEAR MISSILES

• The United States and The Soviet Union built
  Nuclear Missiles hundreds of times bigger than
  the Fat Man or Little Boy. They both put them in
  Bombers, Submarines and Silos. Together they
  could destroy the whole World 7 times in a few
  hours. (Mutually Assured Destruction)

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NUCLEAR MISSILES

• M.A.D. Mutually Assured Destruction The
  belief that the more nuclear weapons that each
  side had, the more likely it was that no one
  would use them.

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NUCLEAR MISSILES
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NUCLEAR MISSILES

• ICBM Intercontinental Ballistic Missile
  Missiles launched into a low orbit that come down
  on the other side of the earth.

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BERLIN BLOCKADE

• (1948, Truman) - The Western part of Berlin was
  still a part of West Germany. The Soviet Union
  shut down all transportation to Democratic West
  Berlin. America organized an airlift to get
  supplies to West Berlin by plane. A wall was
  built to divide East and West Berlin.

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BERLIN BLOCKADE

• Berlin Wall Prevented citizens from East Berlin
  from escaping to West Berlin.

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BERLIN BLOCKADE

• Berlin Airlift The United States sent supplies
  to the citizens of West Berlin.

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CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS

• (1962, Kennedy) - Fidel Castro took over Cuba and
  made it Communist. The Soviet Union began to put
  Nuclear Missiles on Cuba. John F. Kennedy
  threatened war and blockaded Cuba. The Soviet
  Union took their missiles off of Cuba.

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CUBAN MISSILE CRISIS

• Cuban Missile Crisis The U.S. was concerned
  that nuclear missiles would be stationed off the
  coast of Florida.

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KOREAN WAR

• (1950-1953, Eisenhower) - After World War II the
  Northern half of Korea (North Korea) was
  Communist and the Southern half (South Korea) was
  Democratic.

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KOREAN WAR

• The Chinese backed North Korea in invading South
  Korea.

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KOREAN WAR

• The United States and United Nations protected
  South Korea and the boarder did not change.

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KOREAN WAR

• South Korean territory was recaptured and a
  Demilitarized Zone established between North and
  South Korea. This zone was along the 38th
  parallel (latitude).

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KOREAN WAR

• DMZ The several mile zone between North and
  South Korea is completely uninhabited.

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VIETNAM WAR

• (1965-1975, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon) - Communist
  rebels in South Vietnam (the Viet Cong) wanted to
  make South Vietnam Communist and reunite with
  Communist North Vietnam. They started fighting
  in 1955.

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VIETNAM WAR

• The United States started sending troops to
  protect South Vietnam. (President John Kennedy)
• The Tonkin Gulf Resolution Congress Voted to
  give President Johnson authority to use the
  military in Vietnam (President Lyndon Johnson)

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VIETNAM WAR

• Viet Cong Communist rebels in wanting to change
  the government in South Vietnam.
• Ho Chi Minh - The Leader of Viet Cong.
• Tonkin Gulf Resolution An Act of Congress
  giving authority to LBJ to attack North Vietnam.

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VIETNAM WAR

• The Tet Offensive A Series of attacks on South
  Vietnam by North Vietnam.

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VIETNAM WAR

• The United States withdrew after gaining no
  ground in 10 years. The North immediately took
  over South Vietnam, making one Communist Vietnam.
  (President Richard Nixon)

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END OF THE COLD WAR

• The Soviet Union began to collapse and the
  Government began to give the people more freedom.
  Soon they led a revolution that ended the Soviet
  Union and left Russia and all the other nations
  it controlled as independent nations.

Mikhail Gorbachev (1985-1991)
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END OF THE COLD WAR

• GERMAN REUNIFICTION - East and West Germany
  became one country and the Berlin Wall was torn
  down.

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END OF THE COLD WAR
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