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The Labor Movement

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Title: The Labor Movement


1
The Labor Movement
  • The late 1800s

2
The Robber Barons orCaptains of Industry?
  • Wealthy bank or business owners who often used
    questionable business tactics to control whole
    industries.
  • Rockefeller, Carnegie, J.P. Morgan

3
  • What were corporate owners called that paid very
    little to their labor and made millions of
    dollars?
  • A) Robber Barons
  • B) Social Democrats
  • C) Red Barons
  • D) Darwinian Theorists

4
Problems for workers
1
  • Low wages
  • Factory production replaces skilled labor
  • Women and child labor
  • Poor working conditions

5
  • What were some of the problems for labor before
    and after the civil war?
  • Poor working conditions
  • Low wages
  • Child labor
  • All of the above

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12
Solutions?
2
  • Farmers and Workers unite to try to maintain
    control over wages and working conditions
  • Unions- organized labor
  • Knights of St. Crispin
  • Knights of Labor
  • American Federation of Labor

13
  • A organized group of people from the same
    industry or different industries is known as a
  • A) union
  • B) injunction
  • C) militia
  • D) merger

14
STRIKE!!!
3,4,5
  • 1877- National railroad strike
  • Workers stop working and protest in order to
    change conditions
  • Corporation calls in state militias to stop the
    protests, sometimes ending in violence.
  • Result- deal between railroad (Jay Gould) and
    labor. More people think they need stronger
    unions.

15
American Federation of Labor
6
  • Replace Knights of Labor as leading union
  • Organized skilled workers
  • Strike to improve wages and hours
  • Boycott to peacefully protest
  • Founded by Sam Gompers (Right)

16
Women in the Labor Movement
7
  • Knights of Labor allows women and proposes equal
    pay for men and women
  • Support strikers with food and supplies for long
    strikes
  • Mary Harris Jones- organized the United Mine
    Workers. Traveled on behalf of labor for 50
    years. Once known as the Most dangerous women in
    America.

17
Resistance to the Labor Movement
18
Haymarket Riot
8
  • 1886-McCormick Harvester Factory
  • Strike for 8- hour workday
  • Police kill 4 in scuffle
  • Haymarket Riot- 1000 workers rally, bomb kills 7
    police. Police fire on crowd killing 10 and
    wounding 67
  • 8 strike leaders tried for bomb. 4 hanged

19
  • The event previously mentioned where 1000 people
    gathered and were fired upon became known as the
  • A) haymarket riot
  • B) Homestead Strike
  • C) Bessemer process
  • D) Pullman Strike

20
Homestead Strike
9
  • 1892- Homestead Pa.
  • Steelworkers strike at Carnegie Steel
  • Company hired Pinkertons to beat up strikers
  • Several killed
  • Strike failed, many left the union as a result

21
  • What was the name of the group sent out by
    Carnegie steel to beat up strikers?
  • Union
  • Injunction function
  • Pink Ladies
  • Pinkertons

22
The Pullman Strike
11-13
  • Workers lived in Company towns. Jobs, wages cut.
    Stores rent stayed same
  • Pullman sleeper cars (Railroads)
  • 1894- strike
  • American Railway Union
  • Eugene V. Debs leader
  • Pres. Cleveland calls Army
  • Violence once again, Rail
  • traffic comes to a halt
  • Railroad unions refused Pullman cars in sympathy

23
  • The Pullman strike is associated with which of
    the following?
  • A) people were fired and wages were cut
  • B) company store prices and rents went up or
    stayed the same
  • C) other railroad workers showed sympathy to
    Pullman strikers
  • D) All of the above

24
Problems in the Labor Movement
14,15
  • Government support of Corporate owners with
    troops and injunctions (order to end strike) to
    break strikes.
  • Exclusion of minorities, unskilled workers, and
    women.
  • American-born workers fear immigrants from
    Europe. Chinese killed and intimidated. Exclusion
    Act of 1882 reflected the nations fears.

25
  • Which side did the government usually support in
    a strike?
  • Strikers
  • Corporation owners
  • Left side
  • East side

26
Positive aspects of the Labor Movement
16
  • Identified the need to get rid of child labor.
  • Called attention to poor wages and working
    conditions.
  • Pushed for the 8-hour workday
  • Called out and stood up to large corporations for
    unfair labor practices.
  • Showed possible benefits of united workers.

27
  • Text in what you believe the best aspect of the
    labor movement was
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