FUNDAMENTALISM, ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM AND DIFFERENT TYPES OF JIHAD

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FUNDAMENTALISM,ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISMAND
DIFFERENT TYPES OF JIHAD
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INDEX

• What is fundamentalism?
• How did the term fundamentalism begin?
• What is Islamic fundamentalism?
• What is Jihad?
• What is offensive Jihad?
• What is defensive Jihad?

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WHAT IS FUNDAMENTALISM?

• Fundamentalism is
• the literal dogmatic interpretation of the sacred
  texts (or their equivalent, outside a religious
  context)
• based on the fundamental precepts (typically
  religious, but not limited to) and
• rejects any contrasting ideology.

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ORIGINS OF FUNDAMENTALISM

• BIRTH
• born in 1909 with North American Protestantism
  opposing the theories of theological liberalism.
• key concepts conservative closed and restricted
  view of society exclusiveness, isolation,
  antagonism, defensiveness, aggressive towards
  not aligned ones
• ALSO
• Fundamentalism people belonging to the same
  ideology with a non radical behavior and attitude
• ?
• moderate, open to compromise or would advocate a
  non-restrictive interpretation of religious
  truth.
• Fundamentalism originally referred to the
  Protestant world. The word was replaced in the
  '50s when the major members of the religious sect
  decided to officially change the name.
• COMMONLY
• It identify s the points of view - of thought and
  practice in the religious world that insist on
  a literal interpretation of sacred texts such as
  the Bible or the Koran, and they whos how
  anti-modernist attitudes in their respective
  religions.

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WHAT IS ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM?

• The word "fundamentalism" can be traced to the
  noun used by the militants asasiyyun (from the
  Arabic asas "basis, foundation") since the
  birth of the Shiites in the Islamic Republic of
  Iran
• The definition of Islamic "fundamentalism" used
  by the media - is a tautology, because of the
  difficulty the Islamics have in accepting a way
  of life in which the mixture between religious
  and worldly aspects is not, by definition,
  "fundamental".
• Muslims want to give an interpretation of the
  world based on a link between religious precepts
  and social order, the state, and ultimately the
  power, of din wa dunya, ? "religion and the
  world.
• For a Muslim believer disbelief" means to
  reserve the expression of personal faith in a
  private sphere of his own conscience, without
  influencing and shaping the outside world on it.

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WHAT IS JIHAD?

• Jihad is an Arabic word, (gihad in Arabic ????)
  which comes from the root ltg-hdgt meaning
  "exerting a maximum effort."
• The word has a wide connotation from the inner
  spiritual struggle to draw on a perfect faith up
  to the holy war.
• It refers to Islams s fundamental institutions.
• Nowadays it is used in many circles as if it had
  an exclusively military dimension.
• In Koran, - the sacred text of Islam - the word
  is used in several Hadith contexts in both the
  military and non-military level of meaning.

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WHAT IS OFFENSIVE JIHAD?

• Offensive Jihad
• ?
• to wage a war of aggression and conquer all
  non-Muslims in order to submit them and their
  territories to Islamic rule.
• According to many interpretations including the
  Encylopedia of the Orient, "offensive Jihad, in
  other words the attack, is fully accepted by
  Sunni Islam",
• BUT
• unlike defensive Jihad, individual Muslims are
  not forced to participate, while the Muslim
  community as a whole is.

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WHAT IS DEFENSIVE JIHAD?

• It seems Koran demands the military defense of
  the Muslim community under siege.
• Most Muslims consider the armed struggle against
  foreign occupation or oppression by an internal
  government worthy of defensive Jihad.
• In the colonial era the Muslim population rose up
  against the colonial authorities under the Jihad
  flag Dagestan, Chechnya, the Indian revolt
  against Great Britain (Indian Rebellion of 1857)
  and the Algerian war of independence against
  France.
• In this sense, defensive Jihad is not different
  from the right of armed resistance against
  occupation, which is recognized by the UN and
  international law.

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WEBLIOGRAPHY

• http//www.treccani.it/vocabolario/fondamentalismo
  /
• http//www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/fondamentalismo.
  html
• http//www2.bodoni.pr.it/5bareaprogetto/html/fonda
  ment2.htm
• http//www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/i-fondamentali
  smi-nel-mondo-contemporaneo_(XXI-Secolo)/

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CREDITS

• Group
• Ciulin Manuel
• Ferrari Davide,
• Ferrazzo Michael
• Iacumin Jessica
• Polonio Giulia