Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

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Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

• FIV
• Feline Aids

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Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

• Family Retrovirus
• Genus Lentivirus
• Enveneloped Single Stranded RNA virus
• This virus shares many morphologic and
  biochemical properties with Human HIV but is
  antigenetically distinct.
• NO EVIDENCE LINKS FIV TO ANY HUMAN DISEASE
  INCLUDING AIDS.

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FIVRetrovirus
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FIVHistory

• Isolated in 1986 in Davis, Ca in a colony of
  chronically infected cats.
• World Wide occurrence
• 2004 survey of 20,000 pet cats reported an
  infection rate of 3.4.
• Male cats are infected at a 21 ratio vs. female
  cats.
• More common in free roaming cats.
• Seen more often in cats gt5 years old

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PathogenesisFIV

• Progressive disruption of the normal immune
  function.
• Loss of CD4 T lymphocytes
• Recurrent minor illnesses, especially with upper
  respiratory, oral and gastro intestinal signs.

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FIVTransmission

• Primary mode is deep bite wounds.
• Mucosal transmission thru the mouth, vagina and
  rectal tissue.
• Transplacental
• Virus can be isolated in the milk, colostrums and
  saliva of infected queens.

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FIVSymptoms

• Oral lesions gingivitis, stomatitis and
  peritonitis 25-50 of the cases
• Upper respiratory illness 30 of cases
• Persistent Diarrhea
• Weight Loss
• Tumor formation

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FIVDiagnosis

• Current tests for FIV rely on detection of
  antibodies.

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FIVTreatment

• Antibiotics when bacterial infections flare up.
• Human Aids Medications
• Interferon
• Immunoregulin

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FIVPrevention

• Neutering male cats
• Vaccination Fel_O-Vax FIV
• Reported to be 60-80 efficacy after 3 doses.
  The vaccine induces a large antibody response
  that cannot be distinguished from natural
  infection