Phosphorus Losses From Turf

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Phosphorus Losses From Turf

• W. R. Kussow
• Dept. Of Soil Science

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Some Basic Turf Facts

• 1.2 Million Acres
• Nutrient Demand
• Nutrient Ratios
• Shoots and Thatch
• Root Systems

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Nutrient Demand
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Nutrient Demand
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Implications

• Turf is N Deficient
• N Supply Drives Growth
• Growth Drives Nutrient Uptake
• N Creates Nutrient Demand

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The Evidence
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More Evidence
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Yet More Evidence
Over 3 years with clippings removed
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Clipping Nutrient Ratios
Adams, 1980
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Turf Stand Density and Thatch
Linde et al., 1995
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Bentgrass Bluegrass
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Turf Stand Density and Roots
Madison, 1962
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Turf P Loss Studies
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O.J. Noer Turfgrass Research Center - Verona, WI
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Summary of Findings
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Turf P Losses in Perspective
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Sources of Turf ROP

• Fertilizer
• Soil
• Vegetation

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Fertilizer P
Garn, 2002
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Fertilizer P
Barten, 1997
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Fertilizer P
Kussow, 1996-98
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Fertilizer P
Shapiro, 1974
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Vegetation P
Shapiro, 1974
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Vegetation P
Kussow
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Vegetation P
Kussow, 2000
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Summary Lawn ROP Sources
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Extraneous P Sources
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Extraneous P Sources
N.E. IL. Planning Comm. 1983
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Best Management Practices for Lawns

• Manage to Minimize Runoff
• Fertilize According to Soil Test P
• Irrigate After Fertilization
• Sweep Up Fertilizer
• Use Alternative Ground Covers
• Install Rain Gardens

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Minimizing Runoff

• Turf Density is Key

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P Application According To Soil Test
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Irrigate After Fertilization
Kelling, 1975