Title: LLMMphil Local government Module: Local Government Theme: 1 International Developments, South Africa
1LLM/Mphil Local governmentModule Local
GovernmentTheme 1 - International Developments,
South African transformation and developmental
local government
- Jaap de Visser
- jdevisser_at_uwc.ac.za
2Development and local government
- What is development?
- Improvement of material well-being
- Choice
- Equity
3Is decentralisation good for development?
- Material well-being
- Statistics ? decentralisation can be positive for
econ. growth - Choice
- Democracy economic argument theory of fiscal
efficiency - Citizen participation
- Accountability
- Vertical communication through IGR
- Equity
- Compound regional disparities
- Corruption
- Macro economic dangers
4Momentum for decentralisation in Africa
- Pre-colonial highly devolved to traditional
structures - Colonialcentralised
- Postcolonialcentralised
- Millenium Development Goals
- Eg. Goal 7Ensure Environmental Sustainability
- Target 10 Halve, by 2015, the proportion of
people without sustainable access to safe
drinking water - Target 11 By 2020, to have achieved a
significant improvement in the lives of at least
100 million slum dwellers - 2. NEPADs African Peer Review Mechanism for good
governance - Measures of budgetary/fiscal decentralisation?
- Does decentralisation facilitate development?
5- SADC ? Local government desk (Local Government
Protocol??) - African Charter for Local Self-Government??
- Compare European Charter of Local Self-Government
6Maximising benefits minimising dangers
- Benefits why decentralise?
- Efficiency argument
- Citizen participation
- Bottom-up development
- Etc.
- Dangers why not?
- Inequity
- Corruption?
- Macro economy
- Etc.
- Institutional principles
- I Autonomy
- II Supervision
- III Cooperation
7I Autonomy
- What makes a municipality autonomous?
- Democracy
- Powers
- Financial autonomy
- Administrative autonomy
8II SUPERVISION
- Regulatory framework
- Monitoring and intervention
- Redistribution
9III COOPERATION
- Normative framework
- Vertical integration of planning
- Instruments of IGR
- Difference with Supervision relation of equality
10Local government in South AfricaTransformation
- Local government prior to 1994
- Racist separate LG structures for racial groups
- Subservient administrative arms of provincial
government, creature of statute - Exploitative resource allocation, revenue
generation - Illegitimate rent boycotts, protests
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16Theme 1 Questions Question 3 Indicate at least
four legal and or institutional characteristics
of the new system of local government that
represent a radical break with the pre-1994 era.
17- Wall to wall, inclusive LG
- Mandate
- LG no longer creature of statute dependent on
provincial legislation - Etc. (see LGLSA 1-14/15)
18Questions Theme 1Provide three reasons why, in
your view, the drafters of the 1996 Constitution
opted for a state structure with strong,
constitutionally protected municipalities.
- Motives for strong local government?
- ANCs aversion against provinces
- Consolidate role of civic movement in 80ties
- Entrenching participatory government
- New role for cities
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20Questions Theme 1Explain in what respects
(relevant to local government) the Constitutional
Court rejected the first text of the Constitution
in its First Certification judgment.
- LG structures not delineated
- LG may not impose excise tax
- Diminution of provincial powers
21- Find the developmental mandate of local
government in the Constitution.
22I Autonomy
- Democracy?
- S 157(1) Constitution
- Powers
- S 156(1) Constitution
- Schedules 4B/5B
- Financial autonomy
- S 229 Constitution
23II SUPERVISION
- Regulatory framework
- Chapter 7 Constitution
- Monitoring and intervention
- S 155(6), (7) Constitution
- S 139 Constitution
- Redistribution
- S 227 Constitution equitable share
- Conditional grants
- programmes
24III COOPERATION
- Normative framework
- Chapter 3 Constitution
- Vertical integration of planning
- Integrated Development Planning
- Instruments of IGR
- Intergovernmental Relations Framework Act