Ancient Rome Learning Packet

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Ancient Rome Learning Packet

• The Romans had a lasting impact on Western
  Civilization

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Chapter 5 Section 1 Graphic Organizer (page 2)
ALONG THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA
ON ITALIAN PENINSULA
A FEW GOOD HARBORS
LOCATION
LOTS OF TRADE
Chapter 7 Section 1 The Roman Republic
UNIFICATION WAS POSSIBLE
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ADULT MALE CITIZENS ELECT LEADERS
Chapter 7 Section 1 The Roman Republic
ASSEMBLY OF CENTURIES
GOVERNMENT
REPRESENTATIVES
CHIEF EXECUTIVES
ROMAN SENATE
DEVELOPED THE IDEA OF
CHECKS AND BALANCES
CONSULS
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Chapter 7 Section 1 The Roman Republic
LATIN
FOUNDED ROME
1000 B.C.
20 MILES FROM THE SEA
EARLY ITALIANS
SETTLED ALONG THE TIBER RIVER
COMBINED WITH LATIN CULTURE TO
TRIUMPHS
600 B.C.
ETRUSCANS TAKE ROME
MILITARY VICTORY PARADES
FORM ROMAN CULTURE
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ALL MALE CITIZENS HAD TO SERVE
ROMANS CONTROL ALL OF ITALY
PAID BY LAND THEY CONQUERED
BY 265 B.C.
MILITARY
EXPANSION
4,500-6,000 MEN UNITS
Chapter 7 Section 1 The Roman Republic
LEGIONS
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Comparing the Roman Republic to the United States
Democracy (page 3)
SLAVERY IS ILLEGEAL JURIES HEAR EVIDENCE
AND RENDER VERDICTS FREEDOM OF RELIGION MORE
HUMANE, NON-PUBLIC EXECUTIONS
SLAVERY IS LEGAL JUDGES HEARD EVIDENCE
AND RENDERED VERDICTS CITIZENS WERE REQUIRED
TO MAKE SACRAFICES TO GODS AND THE
EMPEROR INHUMANE, PUBLIC EXECUTIONS
IDEA OF INNOCENT UNTIL PROVEN GUILTY CHECKS
AND BALANCES ELECTED REPS IN GOVERNMENT
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Chapter 5 Section 2 Graphic Organizer (Page 4)
SLAVERY INCREASED
POWERFUL SENATE CONTROLLED
PROBLEMS OF ROMAN EXPANSION
NEW ROMAN PROVINCES
TRADE INCREASED
LATIFUNDIA
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FOREIGN AFFAIRS
FINANCES
NEW TERRITORIES
ARMY
POWERFUL SENATE CONTROLLED
PROBLEMS OF ROMAN EXPANSION
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PROBLEMS OF ROMAN EXPANSION
NEW ROMAN PROVINCES
RUN BY UNPAID GOVERNORS
HEAVILLY TAXED
MUCH BRIBERY AND CORRUPTION
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PROBLEMS OF ROMAN EXPANSION
TRADE INCREASED
LATIFUNDIA
EQUITES (Merchants) GAIN WEALTH
LARGE ESTATES OF CONQUERED TERRITORY
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HE WAS CRUCIFIED
COULD GAIN FREEDOM
SPARTACUS REVOLTED
HAD SOME RIGHTS
SLAVERY INCREASED
PROBLEMS OF ROMAN EXPANSION
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The First Punic War

• Why? Both cities wanted to control Sicily.
• What Happened? Rome built a new navy which
  crushed Carthage.
• Result Carthage had to pay an indemnity (payment
  for war damages).

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Second Punic War

• Why? Hannibal from Carthage planned to attack
  Italy.

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Second Punic War

• Why? Hannibal from Carthage planned to attack
  Italy.

What Happened? Scipio crushes Hannibal near
Carthage
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Second Punic War

• Why? Hannibal from Carthage planned to attack
  Italy.

What Happened? Scipio crushes Hannibal near
Carthage
Result Carthage had to pay an indemnity.
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Third Punic War

• Why? Roman Senate really hates Carthage-declares
  war.
• What Happened? Three year siege forces Carthage
  to surrender.
• Result? Survivors from Carthage sold as slaves.

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Todays Assignment- Rome Webquest Info Sheet due
A-Days Wednesday, B-Days Thursday.
STOP
Ancient Rome Test- 10/29 (A-Days), 10/30 (B-Days)
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Italy
Alps Mountains
G. Po River
C. Rubicon River
B. Tiber River
H. Adriatic Sea
F. Corsica
A. Rome
Apennines Mts.
E. Sardinia
D. Sicily
Page 8
I. Mediterranean Sea
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Chapter 5 Section 3 Graphic Organizer (page 9)
GAVE FOOD TO THE POOR
GAVE LAND TO THE POOR
ROME BECOMES AN EMPIRE
GRACCI BROTHERS
TRIED TO IMPROVE THE SOCIAL STATUS OF THE POOR
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ROME BECOMES AN EMPIRE
ROMAN CIVIL WAR
MARIUS
SULLA
SOLDIERS WERE VERY LOYAL TO HIM
PAID SOLDIERS WITH STOLEN ITEMS FROM WARS
DEFEATED MARIUS
CONSUL OF ROME
EXECUTED ROMANS
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POPULAR WITH THE POOR
ROME BECOMES AN EMPIRE
FIRST TRIUMVIRATE
OPPOSED BY THE SENATORS
ALLIANCE OF 3
JULIUS CAESAR
MARIUS NEPHEW
POMPEY
CRASSUS
LOOKS FOR REVENGE AGAINST SULLA
GENERALS
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CAESAR
ROME BECOMES AN EMPIRE
PROVED HIMSELF AS A LEADER IN GAUL (FRANCE)
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CLEOPATRA
GREECE
SPAIN
BECAME DICTATOR FOR LIFE
CREATED JULIAN CALANDAR
ALLIED WITH
ITALY
CONROLLED
JULIUS CAESAR
IN 46 B.C.
POMPEY GREW JEALOUS AFTER CRASSUS DEATH
IN THE SENATE
ASSASSINATED
MARCH 15, 44 BC
ROME BECOMES AN EMPIRE
PROVED HIMSELF AS A LEADER IN GAUL (FRANCE)
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Pax Romana Notes (page 10)
I. Pax Romana- time of Roman peace from 27 B.C.
to 180 A.D. A. Effective Government- steady
rule by emperors 1. Controlled a large
population- of 100 million people. 2. Order was
maintained- as laws were effectively enforced
in courts.
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Pax Romana Notes (page 10)
B. Construction 1. Aqueducts a. Carried water
from the mountains to the cities. b. Reliable
water supply was essential for population
growth. 2. Use of concrete a. Roads- connected
all Roman cities to one another. I. Improved
communication for the government. II.
Allowed easy troop movement for Roman legions.
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Pax Romana Notes (page 10)
b. Circus Maximus- 300,000 could watch
chariot racing. c. Coliseum- built in Rome
and hosted gladiatorial contests. C. Twelve
Tables- Roman law code established during the Pax
Romana. 1. Legacy a. The idea of innocent
until proven guilty.
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D. Military 1. Popular a. Veterans with 25
years of service are given citizenship
rights. b. 300,000 soldiers protected Rome
during Octavians reign. 2. Hadrians Wall a.
Built across the entire island of Britain. b.
Successful at keeping invaders out of the empire
(for now).
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E. Culture 1. Trading centers a. Alexandria-
Egyptian city was the largest city in the
world. b. Rome- center of Roman government and
entertainment. 2. Society a. Fewer slaves- more
Romans were becoming citizens. b. Colonus-
largest social class in Rome that farmed.
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3. Advancements a. Language I. Latin- still
spoken today in Italy. II. Alphabet- created a
23 letter alphabet. b. History I. Tacitus-
historian that tried to look at the past
impartially. c. Poetry I. Virgil- one of the
greatest Latin poets of all time. d. Politics
I. Cicero- supported checks and balances and
civil service. e. Medicine I. Galen- perfected
the study of human anatomy physiology.
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Todays Assignment- Pages 11-12 of your packet
due next class period.
STOP
Ancient Rome Test- 10/29 (A-Days), 10/30 (B-Days)
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Chapter 5 Section 4 Graphic Organizer (page 13)
DIVINE MONARCH (a.k.a. Living God)
EXPECTED CITIZENS TO
REGARDED AS
CHRISTIANITY BEGINS IN JUDEA
ROMAN EMPERORS
WORSHIP ROMAN GODS
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JEWISH REVOLT IN JERUSALEM
CHRISTIANITY BEGINS IN JUDEA
WAILING WALL
JEWS BANNED BY HADRIAN IN 135 A.D.
FOUNDED BY
JESUS OF NAZARETH
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CHRISTIANITY BEGINS IN JUDEA
TEACHINGS OF JESUS
WRITTEN IN
DEFENDED THE POOR AND OPPRESSED
BELIEVED TO BE A MESSIAH
USED 12 APOSTLES TO HELP HIM PREACH
PERFORMED MIRACLES
NEW TESTMENT
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CHRISTIANITY BEGINS IN JUDEA
IF YOU ADMIT YOU WERE WRONG YOU WILL BE FORGIVEN
TEACHINGS OF JESUS
THEMES
CREATE A KINGDOM OF GOD
ONE OF THE GREATEST INFLUENCES ON
GOD CARES MORE FOR PEOPLE THAN HE DOES FOR LAWS
WESTERN CIVILIZATION
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MARTYRS ARE REMEMBERED
OUTLAWED IN 100S AD
IT SPREADS
FOUNDED CHRISTIAN COMMUNITIES
PAUL
CHRISTIANITY BEGINS IN JUDEA
ROMANS FEARED JESUS
DECLARED ENEMY OF THE STATE
PONTIUS PILATE HAD HIM CRUCIFIED
CONSIDERED KING OF THE JEWS
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CHRISTIANS PRACTICE IN PRIVATE
LAND TAKEN FROM CHRISTIANS
LEGALIZED IN 200S AD
PERSECUTION
CHRISTIANITY BEGINS IN JUDEA
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Organization of the Early Christian Church (page
14)
Pope
Patriarch
Bishops ran dioceses
Priests ran parishes
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Persecution of Christians

• Done by Romans
• Outlawed in the 100s A.D.
• Wanted Romans to worship the emperor.
• Christians were executed.

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Why did it Spread?

• Martyrs contribute to Christianitys popularity.
• Became legal in the 200s A.D.
• Missionary, Paul spreads the news of Jesus around
  the Mediterranean.
• Emperor Constantine supported Christianity.
• Did not charge, anyone could join.

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Central belief in Christianity

• Niceas Trinity in Christianity- becomes a
  central belief in todays Christianity.
• Strong organization
• Use of common languages of Latin and Greek
• The promise of life after death.

strengths
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Patriarchal Cities
Constantinople
Rome
Antioch
Jerusalem
Alexandria
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The Decline of the Roman Empire (page 15)

• What were the causes of each condition that led
  to the decline of the Roman Empire?

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What were the causes of each condition that led
to the decline of the Roman Empire?
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2. What steps did Diocletian take to restore
order and reform the empire?

• Doubled the sized of the Roman armies.
• Fixed prices.
• Ordered farmers to remain on land and workers
  stay in jobs for life.
• Claimed descent from Roman gods.
• Divided the empire into eastern and western parts.

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What did Constantine do to reform the empire?

• Extended reforms of Diocletian.
• Restored concept of a single ruler.
• Moved capital from Rome to Byzantium.

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What caused the final collapse of the western
Roman Empire?

• Worsening internal conditions.
• Invasions by Germanic tribes (Visagoths) and
  Huns.
• Separation of western empire from wealthier
  eastern part.

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Legacies of Rome Government
Page 16

• Legal system
• Republican government
• Civil Service

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Legacies of Rome The Arts
Page 16

• Epic poetry
• The arch and dome
• Mosaics and Frescoes
• Sculptures and Bas Reliefs

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Legacies of Rome Culture
Page 16

• Developed large spectator sports
• Violent/cruel contests- Gladiators
• Spread of Christianity
• Latin Language

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Legacies of Rome Technology
Page 16

• Used mainly for military and public works
• Use of concrete in engineering
• Large public buildings
• Public road work
• Aqueducts

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Todays Assignment- pages 17 through 20 of your
packet.
STOP
Rome Unit Test- A-Days Wed. B-Days Thurs. Study
sessions A-Days Tues. B-Days Wed.