Title: Goal Setting and Personal Achievement: The Power of Relaxation and Suggestion--Hypnosis
1Goal Setting and Personal Achievement The Power
of Relaxation and Suggestion--Hypnosis
- Thomas Li-Ping Tang, Ph.D.
- Middle Tennessee State University
- Presented At
- Hong Kong Baptist University
2Goal Setting and Personal Achievement The Power
of Relaxation and Suggestion
- Thomas Li-Ping Tang, Ph.D.
- Middle Tennessee State University
- Presented At
- The Webb School
3Goal Setting and Personal Achievement The Power
of Relaxation and Suggestion
- Thomas Li-Ping Tang, Ph.D.
- Middle Tennessee State University
- Presented At
- University of Nantes, France
4Goal Setting and Personal Achievement The Power
of Relaxation and Suggestion
- Thomas Li-Ping Tang, Ph.D.
- Middle Tennessee State University
- Presented At
- Psi Chi and Psychology Club
- MTSU
5Outline
- Have An Open Mind
- Goal Setting
- Principles of Hypnosis
- Relaxation
- Guided Imagery
- Hypnosis
6Have An Open Mind
- You can only open your heart from inside.
- Nobody can force you to change.
- Your can change at any time. It is never too
late to change.
7Words Are Very Powerful
- Positive Words Birthday, Christmas, Happiness,
Light - Negative Words Disease, Illness, Death,
Darkness - These words change your brain waves, emotions,
and your reactions. - What do you say when you talk to yourself?
8Positive vs. Negative Thinking
- Dumbo has long and big ears
Liabilities vs. Special Talents - Drum with 1,000 cards
- What is the Probability of Winning US1,000,000?
or - Getting Killed?
9Frame of Reference
- The right frame of reference
The Chinese Farmer-- You can
find something positive in every event.
Job satisfaction--a frame of reference - Have you identified success, achievement, and
happy events in your life lately?
10Have a Clear Picture of Your Goal
- Obstacles are what you see when you take your
eyes off the goal. - Acres of Diamonds Dirt vs. Diamond
- Golf Hole-In-One vs. Sand Traps and Water
Hazards - Basketball Goal vs. Background
11Characteristics of Goals
- (1) Specific,
- (2) Quantifiable,
- (3) Difficult,
- (4) Feedback (KR),
- (5) Support
12S.M.A.R.T. Goals
- 1. Specific (to insure clarity)
- 2. Measurable (to be objective)
- 3. Ambitious (to provide stretch)
- 4. Realistic (to achieve commitment)
- 5. Time-bound (to attach urgency)
13Example
- Yale Undergraduates in 1952
- How many Yale graduates have written goals?
- Only 3
- 20 years later, in 1972
- These 3 of Yale graduates had assets/wealth more
than the other 97 combined
14Balancing Your Goals
- Career Goals
- Family Goals
- Personal Improvement Goals
- Long-Term Goals and Short-Term Goals
15Goal Setting
- The harder the (accepted) goal, the higher the
performance. - Consultant offered one advice for improving ones
performance - Write Down Your 5 Goals and Prioritize Your
Goals - Reach Your Goals One by One
- A 250,000 advice, Worth 20 million Today
16Steps of Goal Setting
- Identify Your Goal
- Set a Deadline for Achieving Your Goal
- List the Obstacles to Overcome
- Identify People and Groups to Work With
- Identify Skills/Knowledge Required
- Develop Your Plan of Action
- Identify Your Benefits and Rewards
- (Zig Ziglar)
17Goal Setting Example
- Visible Harvard
- Difficult
- Specific
- Quantifiable
- Time
18Goal Setting Example
- SAT
- Quantitative Verbal
- 99 95 (Room For Improvement)
- Goal/Big Picture vs. Steps Toward the Goal
- 3,000 Words vs. 10 Words/Day
- One Day Study 10 Words
- 30 Days 300 Words
- 10 Months 3,000 Words
19Goal Setting Example
- Quantitative Verbal
- 99 95
- 91 99
- 98 99 and--
- Pray and Get All the Help You Can Find
20Power of Perseverance
- Lee Iacocca (1984) I think that if I keep
working at this and want it bad enough, I can
have it. Its call perseverance.
21Power of Positive Suggestion
- Thomas Edison failed 10,000 times.
- Colonel Sanders failed 1,009 times.
- Average Millionaires failed 17 times.
- How many times have you tried to achieve your
goals?
22Power of Positive Suggestion
- Super Bowl XXIV--Goals and Steps
- Winning the Super Bowl,
- Touchdown,
- First Down,
- Complete the Pass, (long vs short),
- Small Success Leads to Total Success.
- MVP and Self-Esteem
23This Is Your Super Bowl
- Super Bowl XXIV
- San Francisco 12 14 14 14------55
- Denver 3 0 7
0------10 - Montana had 13 Consecutive passes.
- Montana completed 22 out of 29 passes.
- Elway completed 10 out of 26 passes.
24Hypnosis
- Hypnosis is a systematic procedure for altering
consciousness (Hilgard, 1975).
25Hypnosis and Meditation
- Hypnosis is different from Meditation.
- Meditation involves radically changing the nature
of outside stimulation by - Blocking it out
- Make it impossible to comprehend
26Hypnosis and Meditation
- Both Hypnosis and Meditation will
- Produce a state qualitatively different from
normal waking consciousness. - Apply some manipulation of sensory input directly
through suggestions - Have the capacity to leave people feeling better
27Hypnosis and Sleep
- EEG patterns in sleep and wakefulness
- Awake, Drowsy, Sleep 1, 2, 3, and REM
- During Hypnosis (Trance), you are not sleeping.
- Drowsy--Alpha waves, 7 - 12/sec.
- Just about to fall sleep
28History
- 1600s, humans could be magnetized
- 1700s, Franz Mesmer studied animal magnetism
(Mesmerized) - 1842, painless amputated a leg
- 1880s, Freud learned hypnosis in France
- late 19th century, French, Charcot, study
hypnosis to treat abnormal behavior - 1920s 1930s, Hull, attempted to study hypnosis
with the first solidly scientific approach
29History
- E.R. Hilgard, founder, director of 1st hypnosis
research labs, Stanford Univ. - 1978 1/3 American dental and medical schools
offering courses in hypnosis -twice as many as
1974
- Experts emphasize hypnosis is not for all persons
or problems. It takes a well trained specialist
to know when and how to use it properly.
30A System of Medical Hypnosis
- A. Meares (1964). President International
Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. - Braid, coined the word hypnotism from the Greek
word hypnos (sleep) in 1841.
31A System of Medical Hypnosis
- The nature of suggestion Logical, Uncritical
- An easy suggestion does not conflict with a
logical appraisement of the situation. - Suggestion vs. Command/Request
- The response to a command or a request is
Conscious, whereas the response to a suggestion
is uncritical and is not consciously evaluated
32A System of Medical Hypnosis
- We hypnotize our patients by the process of
suggestion. - Two major ingredients
- Relaxation/Concentration
- Suggestion
33Concentration
- You hear nothing but my voice/words.
- Speak 200 words/min.
- Think 800 words/min.
- Can you think of something else while listening
to a lecture? - Is your mind wondering around afar?
34Factors Influencing Suggestion
- Affective Relationship
- Prestige
- Nonverbal Communication
- Facilitation
- The acceptance of one suggestion always aids to
the acceptance of another suggestion.
35Factors Influencing Suggestion
- Grading
- Suggestions are accepted more readily if they are
graded as to difficulty of acceptance. - Expectancy
- When the patient is in a state of expectancy
he/she makes suggestions more easily. - Drugs
36Suggestibility
- 1. Individual Differences
- 2. Tense, Anxious, Restless (Contact Lenses,
Needs, Beliefs, Control) - 3. Skill Experience of the Therapist
- 4. Personality of the Therapist
- 5. Culture
37Suggestibility
- 6. Education
- 7. Degree of Sophistication of the Patient
- 8. Unconscious Defense Mechanisms (well
adjusted emotionally) - 9. Fatigue
- 10. Drugs
38Suggestibility
- 11. The Nature of the Suggestion
- 12. The State of Rapport
- 13. The Acceptance of Previous Suggestions
- 14. The Relative Difficulty of Acceptance of
the Present Suggestion - 15. Grading
39The Phenomena of Hypnosis
- I. Increased Suggestibility
- As they became more deeply hypnotized, they
are able to accept more difficult suggestions. - e.g., move limbs, see things behave as if they
were in imaginary situations
40The Phenomena of Hypnosis
- II. Secondary Phenomena
- 1. Hypnotic Rapport
- He comes to a merge his identity with
that of the hypnotist. - Automatic Obedience
-
41The Phenomena of Hypnosis
- 2. Hypnotic Sleep
- Induced by suggestions of relaxation
and sleep - Hypnotic Sleep vs. Normal Sleep(EEG)
- 3. Amnesia
- Spontaneous Amnesia vs. Suggested
Amnesia
42The Phenomena of Hypnosis
- 4. Regression
- a. He is there. He sees only as an
onlooker. - b. He relives it as an adult.
- c. He relives the childhood experience as
a child
43The Phenomena of Hypnosis
- 5. Failure of Repression
- Patchy incomplete
- Failure of repression can also be aided
by suggesting to the patient that he can
now remember incidents in the past.
44The Phenomena of Hypnosis
- 6. Hysteroid Behavior
- The patient may carry out suggestions
in an extremely exaggerated fashion. (lacks
naturalness) -
45The Phenomena of Hypnosis
- 7. Unconscious Limitation
- The hypnotized patient tends to
behave in a way in which he believes a
hypnotized person does behave. - Patients sophistication and culture
background - Reincarnation
46The Phenomena of Hypnosis
- 8. Hallucinatory Phenomena
- spontaneous vs. direct suggestion
- 9. Post-hypnotic Suggestion
- The hypnotized subject is given a
suggestion to be carried out at some time
after he has awakened from hypnosis.
47The Phenomena of Hypnosis
- 10. Nonverbal Communication
- a. Communication of Attitude
- authoritative attitude vs. passive
- b. Primitive Communication
- hypnosis can be induced in most normal
people, love hate -
48The Phenomena of Hypnosis
- c. Gesture
- Arm Levitation
- d. Symbolic Behavior
- Eye Contact
- e. Communication by Behavior
- Physical Distance - Emotional Distance
- adjusting the blanket
49The State of the Art of Clinical Hypnosis
- It is a child of both the science and art of
helping professions. - In The Past the regressive, uncovering, and
abrasive aspects of hypnosis. - Doing something to them
- Archeology
50Clinical Hypnosis
- The contemporary practice adaptation, problem
solving, enhanced coping capacities, and mastery. - Do something for themselves
- Architecture
51Hypnotizability
- The ability to absorb oneself in fantasy
- The ability to become deeply immersed in reading,
music or whatnot. - Have a rich fantasy life from childhood onward
52Hypnotizability
- The ability to focus attention and to concentrate
- An openness to new experience
- A willingness to comply with suggestions
- Hypnosis is a technique, like using a
stethoscope, and what you do with it is more
important than the routine skill.
53Mechanisms of Hypnosis
- The muscular action is controlled psychologically
e.g., the gradual lowering or raising of the arm
in response to hypnotic suggestion
54Mechanisms of Hypnosis
- Hallucination
- Positive Hallucination You see something that
isnt there - Negative Hallucination You dont see something
that is there - Activities, acts of the imagination, seem
effortless
55Mechanisms of Hypnosis
- Can an hypnotized person be induced to commit a
crime? - No, not unless youre a criminal to start with.
- Nobody can be hypnotized against his/her will.
56Relaxation
- Breathe Slowly and Deeply
- Relax all your muscles
57Guided Imagery
- Use Your Imagination
- Follow the Suggestions
- Dont Question and Evaluate Any Statement
- You will Hear Nothing But My Voice
- Analogy
58Smoking
- You can live comfortable without smoking
- You will feel good when you stop smoking
- You will breathe freely
- You will enjoy the clear and fresh air
- You dont see the light of your cigarettes
- You have 100 control of your thoughts
- When the Mind talks, your body listens.
59POTS
60When Your MIND Talks,Your BODY Listens.
61You Cant Change People.People Can Change,
WhenThey Want to Change
62The Pygmalion EffectYour Expectations Are
TheKey To Other PeoplesPerformance
AndDevelopment
63The Galatea EffectPeoples Self-ExpectationWill
Help Them AchieveTheir Own Goals.
64In George Bernard Shaws Pygmalion,Eliza
Doolittle ExplainsThe difference between a
lady and a flower girl is not how she behaves but
how she is treated. J. Sterling Livingston
(1988) Harvard Business ReviewEnthusiasm and
apathy--both are infectious.
65You Can Do It.
66Thank You
67Mechanisms of hypnosis
- Hypnosis can strengthen the will in a beneficial
way. - The use of self-hypnosis is therapeutically very
valuable.
68Secrets of a modern Mesmer
- Coleman, D, (1977). Secrets of a modern
Mesmer. Psychology Today, 11 (2), 62- 66. - I can tell your unconscious mindthat you are an
excellent hypnotic subject. - Youre close enough to me for your unconscious
mind to hear me.
69Secrets of a modern Mesmer
- Your conscious mind can do anything it wishes.
All that is important is for the unconscious mind
to pay attention.
70Secrets of a modern Mesmer
- While Ive been talking to you, your blood
pressure has altered, your heart rate has
altered, your respiration has altered. Your
muscle tone has changed, your motor reflexes have
changed. And now just close your eyes and
experience the sense of inner comfort.
71Secrets of a modern Mesmer
- Just enjoy that comfort. There is nothing you
need to do consciously, your unconscious knows
what to do without your conscious mind knowing,
and it doesnt need to share anything with your
conscious mind.
72Ten Devices That Almost Instantly Hypnotize
- By Professor Lawrence Powers
- 1. Be prepared
- Food that is hard to digest, alcohol and
tobacco should be avoided. Stay in good
physical condition and sleeping well facilitate
the practice of hypnotism. - 2. Develop the Intensity of YOUR Gaze
73Ten Devices That Almost Instantly Hypnotize
- 3. Practice Autosuggestion
- I feel my own will grow stronger and
stronger. No one can resist the power of my
gaze. - 4. Build up Your Energy
- Breath Calmly
74Ten Devices That Almost Instantly Hypnotize
- 5. How to Hypnotize Easily
- Hold it high enough from his forehead
- 6. Reinforce the Effect Through Suggestion
Keep your eyes focused on the center of this
design. Nothing else exists. - 7. Rotate the Design
75Ten Devices That Almost Instantly Hypnotize
- 8. Utilize the Mirror Effect
- 9. Devices for Developing a Potent Gaze
- Focus on the point Precisely between the
eyes - 10. Point your fingers toward the subject. The
cumulative effect of gaze, magnetism, hypnotic
designs, voice and gestures