EMBARGO ACT

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EMBARGO ACT

• Since Adams presidency things in Europe had
  changed
• 1805 Battle of Trafalgar, English defeated the
  French and Spanish navies.
• 1805 Battle of Austerlitz, Napoleon had defeated
  the Austrian and Russian armies. England
  controlled the seas and France the Continent of
  Europe.

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Embargo Continued

• Since neither nation could strike directly at
  each other, so they resorted to economic warfare
• 1806 Napoleon issued the Berlin Decree a paper
  blockade of England, all commerce and
  correspondence with Great Britain is illegal.
• British-orders-in-Council blockading most
  continental ports unless they first stopped in
  England and paid a tax.

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Embargo Continued II

• Milan Decree 17 Dec. 1807 ordering the seizure
  of any vessel that stopped in England and paid a
  tax.
• The Embargo Act 22 Dec. 1807 Forbade all U. S.
  vessels from leaving for a foreign port.

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Embargo III

• Jefferson signed the Non-intercourse act 1 Mar.
  1809 repealing the embargo act effective 15 Mar.
  1809 reopening trade with all nations except
  Great Britain and France.
• Probably Jeffersons most unpopular decision.

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War of 1812

• Causes of the War
• Battle of Trafalgar 1805
• Battle of Austerlitz 1805
• Berlin Decree
• British Order in Council
• Milan Decree
• Embargo Act 1807
• Non-Intercourse Act 1809
• Macons Bill 2
• Impressment (HMS Leopard-Chesapeake) 1809

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Causes Continued

• War Hawks John C. Calhoune, Henry Clay, Daniel
  Webster.
• Tecumseh and his brother the Prophet
• William Henry Harrison
• Battle of Tippecanoe 1811
• Cadore Letter written by Napoleon
• United States declared war on the British on 18
  June 1812.
• Only war that the United States Capitol is
  captured and burned.

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War Continued

• The war also provided the occasion for the
  writing of the words to our national anthem by
  Francis Scott Key.
• Events ending the War
• 24 Dec. 1814 Treaty of Ghent
• Status quo antebellum
• Hartford Convention Dec.-Jan. 1814-1815.
• Battle of New Orleans
• Andrew Jackson routed the British.

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War Continued

• Battle of New Orleans complete victory for the
  Americans.
• British sign treaty ending the War.
• Hartford conventioneers show up with changes to
  constitution
• do away with three-fifth compromise.
• limit embargoes to 60 days.
• Bar naturalized citizens from holding public
  office.
• Two-thirds vote of both houses to admit new states

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Results of War

• Decline in provincialism
• Popular pride in military and naval victories.
• Conscious desire to develop a culture worthy of
  our new nation.
• Tried to sever all cultural ties with England.
• Noah Webster Blue Backed Speller.

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Impressment of an American
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Battle of the Thames 5 Oct. 1815
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Capture of Washington 24 Aug. 1814
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Bombardment of Fort McHenry
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Francis Scott Key (1779-1843)
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Battle of New Orleans 1 Jan. 1815
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Federalists LawJohn Marshall and the Supreme
Court

• Three principles shaped John Marshalls legal
  philosophy
• a Commitment to Judicial Authority
• The supremacy of National over state authority.
• A Static View over property rights.

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McCulloch v. Maryland

• This case involves implied powers and
  federal-state relations.
• Questions to the Supreme Court
• Has Congress power to incorporate a Bank?
• May the state of Maryland tax a branch of the
  United States Bank located in Maryland.
• Decisions 1. Yes
• 2. No

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Fletcher v. Peck

• This case involves state laws and impairment of
  contracts.
• Question to the Supreme Court
• Can an executed contract in the form of a
  legislative grant of land by the state itself
  through its legislature be rescinded later by the
  state?
• Decision No

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Death of Jefferson and Adams

• Jefferson born Shadwell, albemarle Co. Va. 13
  Apr. 1743 died at Montecello 4 July 1826 At age
  83.
• Adams born Braintree (now Quincy) Mass., 30 Oct.
  1735, died 4 July 1826 at age 91. Was quoted to
  have said Jefferson, yet outlives me.

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