Ethical and Legal Issues

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Ethical and Legal Issues

• Ethics the systematic study of rightness and
  wrongness of human conduct and character as known
  by natural reason
• Professional Ethics publicly displayed ethical
  conduct of a profession, usually embedded in a
  code of ethics affirms the professional as an
  independent, autonomous, responsible
  decision-maker.

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Laws and Morals

• Laws regulations established by government and
  applicable to people within a certain political
  subdivision
• Morals generally accepted customs, principles,
  or habits of right living a d conduct in a
  society, and the individuals practice in
  relation to these

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The American Registry of Radiologic
TechnologistsCode of Ethics

• Pg 402

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Professional Etiquette

• Manners and attitudes generally accepted by
  members of a profession.

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Ethical Dilemmas

• A situation requiring moral judgment between two
  or more equally problem-fraught alternatives
  there are two or more competing moral norms
  present, creating a challenge about what to do.

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Ethical outrage

• Gross violation of commonly held standards of
  decency or human rights
• Value System collection or set of values that
  an individual or group have as their personal
  guide

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Problem Solving

• Identify the problem look at it in many ways
• Develop alternative solutions not just one
  solution but many
• Select the best solution dont let your value
  system influence your selection
• Defend your selection explain it in terms of
  your colleagues and patients alike

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Moral Rules

• Statements of right conduct governing individual
  actions.
• A complete set of moral rules do not exist. Many
  people do not have access to moral rules

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Ethical Theories

• Bodies of systematically related moral principles
  used to resolve ethical dilemmas.
• Consequentialism belief that health-related
  information about individuals should not be
  revealed to others maintaining privacy
• Nonconsequentialism belief that actions
  themselves, rather than consequences, determine
  the worth of actions actions are right or wrong
  according to the morality of the acts themselves.

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Ethical Theories

• Social Contract Theory exists when two mutually
  dependent groups (RT and patients) in a society
  recognize certain expectations of one another and
  conduct their affairs accordingly.

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Ethical Theories

• Ethics of Care ethical reflections that
  emphasize an intimate personal relationship value
  system that includes such virtues as sympathy,
  compassion, fidelity, discernment, and love.

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Ethical Theories

• Rights-based ethics belief that individual
  rights provide the vital protection of life,
  liberty, expression, and property.
• Based on Liberal Individualism each individual
  is protected from undue forces and allowed to
  enjoy personal projects

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Liberal Individualism

• Rights justified claims that an individual can
  make on individuals, groups or on society
• Legal rights claims that have a foundation in
  legal principles and rules
• Moral rights claims that are justified by moral
  principles and rules.
• Duties obligations placed on individuals

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Ethical Theories

• Principle-based ethics (principlism) the use of
  moral principles as a basis for defending a
  chosen path of action in resolving an ethical
  dilemma
• Moral principles universal guides to action
  that are derived from so-called basic moral
  truths that should be respected unless there is a
  morally compelling reason not to do so.

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Moral principles

• Beneficence doing good
• Nonmalefience places a high value on avoiding
  harm to others
• Justice equitable, fair or just conduct in
  dealing with others
• Autonomy persons self-reliance
• Veracity duty to tell the truth and avoid
  deception
• Fidelity strict observance of promises or
  duties (loyalty and faithfulness to others)

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Ethical Theories

• Virtue-based ethics ethical theory that
  emphasizes the agents who perform actions and
  make choices
• Virtues living a good life, becoming a good
  person, and acquiring certain desirable
  characteristics.

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THE END