What Are Risk Factors for Eye Strain?

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What Are Risk Factors for Eye Strain?
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What Are Risk Factors for Eye Strain?
Refractive error (for example, nearsightedness
myopia, farsightedness hyperopia,
astigmatism, and/or presbyopia) is a risk factor.
Presbyopia is an especially common cause of eye
strain. It is the inability to accommodate (focus
up close) easily as we get older, due to the
gradual stiffening of the eye's natural lens.
Typically, people notice it in their early to
mid-40s, and it gradually worsens with time.
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Dry eye is a common risk factor for eye strain.
We tend to blink far less frequently when we
concentrate on reading (either print material or
electronic device screens). The tear film that
coats our eyes' surface evaporates between
blinks, leaving the eyes with a dry, sandy
feeling and fluctuating vision. Wind from air
conditioning and heating vents, fans, and open
windows can make the symptoms even worse. A large
number of chronic conditions are associated with
dry eye. Most common among these is meibomian
gland dysfunction (MGD), a form of acne of the
eyelid margins. Other conditions that lead to dry
eye include overuse of drops that irritate the
eyes' surface (for example, redness reliever
drops, antihistamines, and eyedrops containing
certain preservatives or chemicals that interfere
with the eye's tear film), contact lenses that
fit too tightly, and autoimmune disorders that
result in chronic inflammation of the eye's
surface or the lacrimal glands.
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Long periods of continuous close work without
breaks is a risk factor for ciliary spasm. The
ciliary muscles in the eyes that you use to focus
up close (accommodate) normally relax when you
focus your sight off to the distance, but with
long periods of close work, they can spasm,
resulting in a cramping ache.
Fatigue is a risk factor for eye strain,
particularly in people with convergence
insufficiency, heterophoria, or eyelid ptosis.
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