Common Git Commands

1
Common Git Commands Deployment Benefits and Best
Practices
2
Table of Contents

• Git
• Git Uses
• Gits Functionality
• git clone
• git add
• git commit

• git checkout
• git rm
• git fetch
• git pull
• git merge
• git push

3
Git

• Git refers to a system, which is meant for
  tracking changes to files as well as directories
  (a version control system). Git records all the
  changes in content, and stores the history
  related to every change. Repositories, which are
  a type of data structure, are used by Git for
  managing files. Repositories are present within a
  specific directory. These contain the files as
  well as a record with regard to changes. The
  multiple sets of changes that exist within a
  repository are separated by branches.

4
Git Uses

• Git is usually used by software developers for
  managing codes. Git can be used by anyone for
  managing any type of file. The flexibility of Git
  enables the use of Git for both, simple as well
  as complex projects. Git-managed content can be
  configured as per ones needs. This is made
  possible through multiple branches and
  repositories. There are certain features in Git,
  which enable the viewing of information with
  regard to revisions, as well as aid in finding
  the cause of an issue, and manipulate changes.

5
Gits Functionality

• The command line is used to access all of Gits
  functionality. Some of its most common commands
  and options are listed in the following slides.
• The information contained here isnt
  comprehensive, and information about intermediate
  as well as advanced Git functionality have been
  omitted.

6
1-800-123 -8156

• Whoa! Thats a big number, arent you
  proud?

7
Git Clone

• It is a command that is meant for cloning a
  repository into a new directory. It also creates
  remote-tracking branches, as well as forks a new
  working branch from the active branch of the
  cloned repository.
• The git fetch command should be used to update
  the remote-tracking branches of the new
  repository.
• The git pull command should be used for merging
  the remote master branch into the current master
  branch.
• The Git Version Control interface in cPanel
  provides the URL, which is used for cloning the
  repositories of each account.
• cPanel gtgt Home gtgt Files gtgt Git Version Control

8
Git Add

• This command is used for adding a files current
  version to the index of staged content for the
  next commit.
• Only the current changes for the current commit
  are staged by this command. When a commit is
  created again, the command for the file needs to
  be run again. This is needed to stage any new
  changes.

9
Git Commit

• This command is meant for creating a new commit
  for the currently-staged changes.
• Use the git add or the git rm commands for
  staging changes for inclusion in a commit, or
  individual filepaths can be provided as arguments
  to this command.

10
Git Checkout

• Through this command a specified branch can be
  set as the current working branch.
• This command needs to be run with a file path,
  rather than a branch name, for the purpose of
  checking out only a specified file.
• If the branch name is omitted, Git will check out
  that file from the current branchs HEAD.

11
Git RM

• This command serves the function of removing
  directories or files from Gits index, and
  working tree.
• The specified file should not contain uncommitted
  changes, if this command needs to be run.
• This command isnt capable of retaining the file
  in the index, and removing it from the working
  tree. To get that done, you have to use BASHs rm
  command.

12
Git Fetch

• Branches, tags, as well as their histories are
  downloaded by this command from one or more
  repositories.

13
Git Pull

• This command is used for fetching and merging
  changes from a local branch or from a remote or
  local repository. Usually, this command combines
  the git fetch and the git merge commands.

14
Git Merge

• This command is meant for combining the history
  of one or multiple commits into the current
  branchs history.

15
Git Push

• This command is used to add the committed changes
  to that repository and branch, which have been
  specified. A repository needs to be explicitly
  specified, in order to specify a branch. If a
  branch isnt specified, the command adds the
  changes to the current branch of the remote
  repository.
• The Git Version Control feature in cPanel
  automatically adds a post-receive hook. This is
  triggered by each push to cPanel-manged
  repositories.
• To digress, cPanel is a web hosting control
  panel. Web hosting is a service provided by web
  hosting companies for making websites accessible.
  Web hosting can be of many types. For example,
  terms such as Linux Shared Hosting, and
  Windows Shared Hosting, refer to a type of web
  hosting that is shared and Linux-based.

16
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