Non Destructive Testing

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Non Destructive Testing
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Why Use Non-Destructive Testing?
Here are the top reasons non-destructive testing
is used by numerous companies throughout the
world
Savings
The most certain answer to this question is that
non-destructive testing is more tempting than
destructive testing because it permits the
material or object being inspected to survive the
examination unharmed, hence saving money and
resources.
Safety
NDT is also appealing because almost all
Non-Destructive Techniques (except radiographic
testing) are bland to people.
Efficiency
NDT procedure permits for a thorough and
relatively instantaneous evaluation of assets,
which can be essential for ensuring continued
safety and performance on a job site
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Accuracy
NDT methods have been proven precise
and expectable, both qualities you want when it
comes to conservation procedures meant to make
sure the safety of personnel and the durability
of the equipment
NDT is essential for a well-run facility. NDT
techniques and repeatable results depend on
highly trained technicians with experience and
integrity. Industrial non-destructive methods and
clarification of results are performed by
proficient professionals. Not only is the
technician required to be certified in a
particular NDT method, but they also require to
know how to operate the equipment being used to
gather data. Understanding equipment capabilities
and limitations are the alterations amidst making
an accept or reject determination
Eight Most Common NDT Methods
There are several techniques used in
non-destructive testing for the collection of
several types of data, each requiring its own
sort of tools, preparation, and training.
Some of these techniques might permit for a
comprehensive volumetric examination of an
object, while others only allow a surface
examination. In the same way, some
non-destructive testing procedures will have
varying degrees of success depending on the sort
of material they are used on, and some techniques
-such as Magnetic Particle NDT, for example- will
only work on specific materials (i.e., those that
can be magnetized).
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In a similar way, some NDT methods will have
varying degrees of success depending on the type
of material theyre used on, and some
techniquessuch as Magnetic Particle NDT, for
examplewill only work on specific materials
(i.e., those that can be magnetized).
Here are the eight most commonly used NDT
techniques
VISUAL TESTING (VT)
Visual Non-Destructive Testing is the performance
of gathering graphic data on the grade of a
factual. Visual Testing is a vital way to examine
a physical or object without changing it in any
way.
Visual Testing can be done with the naked eye, by
an examiner graphically reviewing material or
asset. For indoor Visual Testing, expert
inspectors use flashlights to add depth to the
object being inspected. Visual Testing can also
be done with a Remote Visual Inspection tool,
like a camera. To get a camera in place,
non-destructive inspectors may use a drone or
robot, or may simply hang it from a rope.
ULTRASONIC TESTING (UT
Ultrasonic Non- Destructive Testing is the
process of transmitting high-frequency sound
waves into a physical in order to identify
changes in the components or materials
possessions.
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Generally, Ultrasonic Testing uses sound waves to
detect flaws or deficiencies on the surface of
the material created.
One of the most shared Ultrasonic Testing methods
in the pulse-echo. With this technique, examiners
introduce sounds into the material and measure
the echoes (or sound reflections) produced by
limitations on the surface of the material as
they are returned to a receiver.
Here are some other types of Ultrasonic Testing

• Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (PAUT)

• Automated Ultrasonic Testing (AUT)

• Time-Of-Flight Diffraction (TOFD)

RADIOGRAPHY TESTING (RT)
Radiography NDT is the procedure of using gamma-
or X-radiation on materials to recognise flaws.
RT directs radiation from a radioactive isotope
or an X-ray generator through the component being
tested and onto a film or some other kind of
sensor. The readings from the detector create a
shadowgraph, which discloses the fundamental
features of the examined material.
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RT can discover features of a physical that can
be hard to sense with the naked eye, such as
changes to its density.
EDDY CURRENT (ELECTROMAGNETIC) TESTING (ET)
Eddy Current Non-Destructive Testing is a sort of
electromagnetic testing that uses measurements of
the power of electrical currents (also called
eddy currents) in a magnetic field near a
physical in order to make purposes about the
material, which may include the locations of
flaws.
To bear Eddy Current Testing, examiners inspect
the movement of eddy currents in the magnetic
field adjacent to a conductive material to
recognise pauses caused by flaws or failures in
the component.
MAGNETIC PARTICLE TESTING (MT)
Magnetic Particle NDT is the procedure of
classifying deficiencies in a component or
material by inspecting disturbances in the
movement of the magnetic field surrounded by the
material.
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In order to use MT, examiners first persuade a
magnetic field in a material that is highly
susceptible to magnetization. After prompting the
attractive field, the surface of the material is
then enclosed with iron particles, which reveal
commotions in the movement of the magnetic field.
These disturbances create visual needles for the
locations of flaws within the component or
material.
ACOUSTIC EMISSION TESTING (AE)
Acoustic Emission NDT is the procedure of using
acoustic releases to classify possible defects
and failures in a material.
Examiners conducting AE are probing materials for
eruptions of audio energy, also called acoustic
emissions, which are produced by flaws in the
material. Intensity, location, and arrival time
can be inspected to disclose data about possible
flaws within the component or material.
LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING (PT)
Liquid Penetrant NDT refers to the course of
using a liquid to cover a substance and then
looking for disruptions in the liquid to classify
deficiencies in the component or material.
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LEAK TESTING (LT)
Leak NDT mentions the procedure of learning
escapes in a vessel or construction in order to
recognise imperfections in it.
Examiners can identify leakages within a vessel
using dimensions taken with a pressure gauge,
soap-bubble tests, or electronic listening
devices, among others.
Where Is Non-Destructive Testing Used?
Depending on how broadly you define
non-destructive testing you could say that its
used in almost every manufacturing unit in the
world, subsequently, visual inspections (whether
formalized or casual) take place in almost every
workshop in some form or other.
That being said, there are particular
organisations that require non-destructive
testing and have dignified processes for its use,
as organised by those companies we listed above
like API and ASME.
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The primary industries include

• Oil Gas

• Power Generation

• Chemicals

• Mining

• Aerospace

• Automotive

• Maritime

• Mining 

Want to Speak to Our Team?  Send an Enquiry
Some of the Non-Destructive Testing Methods are
as follows
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Rebound Hammer Test
Conducting a rebound hammer test as per IS
13311(Part-2), ASTM C 805. The rebound hammer
test shall be conducted at all those points where
the UPV test has been performed. One point
consisting of six readings spread over an area of
1 sq. shall be considered as 1 test.
Ultra-Sonic Pulse Velocity Test
Conducting Ultra-Sonic Pulse velocity (UPV) test
at selected locations on the RCC members of the
Structures covered under the study by making 300
mm x300mm c/c grids to know about the homogeneity
and quality of concrete. The test is performed as
per the IS 13311 (Part-1) / ASTM C 597.
Core Extraction and Testing
Extracting the concrete core samples of minimum
65 mm diameter and 100-150 mm length (approx.)
from a selected location forms RCC members of the
structures covered under the study and evaluation
of the properties in the laboratory from the core
sample selected. IS 4562000 IS 5161959 IS
11992002 ASTM C-42.
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Cut AND Pull Out (CAPO) Test
As per ASTM C-900
HalfCell / Surface Potential Test
Measuring the half-cell /surface potential at the
selected location on RCC members of the
structures covered under the study will help in
understanding the extent of reinforcement
corrosion as per ASTM C 876.
Ferro Scanning Test
At a selected location on the RCC members of the
structures covered under the study see the
adequacy of concrete cover to rebars and the
effect of carbonation.
Carbonation Test
Measurement of carbonation depth by
phenolphthalein spray test at the selected
location on RCC members of the structures covered
under the study is used to see the depth of
carbonation.
Moisture Test by Moisture Meter
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Moisture profile of concrete with respect to
depth.
Chemical Analysis
Chemical analysis of chlorides, Sulfates, pH,
alkali-silica, etc on concrete powder collected
from the structures, covered under the study, by
drilling to understand the chemical
deterioration/degradation of concrete and its
effect on reinforcement corrosion.
Contact Our Team 
What are the types of non-destructive testing?
Here are the eight most-used NDT techniques
Visual Testing (VT) Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
Radiography Testing (RT)
Eddy Current (Electromagnetic) Testing (ET)
Magnetic Particle Testing (MT) Acoustic
Emission Testing (AE) Liquid Penetrant Testing
(PT) Leak Testing (LT)
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What is a non-destructive testing technician?
NDT Technicians, also known as non-destructive
testing technicians, perform tests and provide
information about the condition of components and
materials without destroying them.
What is the difference between destructive and
non-destructive testing?
Destructive testing destroys or alters the part
so that even if it passes the test, it is no
longer fit for service, whereas Non-destructive
testing doesnt eliminate or adjusts the part is
still fit for use if it clears all the tests.
What is the most frequently used non-destructive
test?
Ultrasonic Testing (UT), Radiographic Testing
(RT), Electromagnetic Testing (ET), Magnetic
Particle Testing (MT), Liquid Penetrant Testing
(PT), Visual Testing (VT), are the six most
frequently used non-destructive tests.
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How do you get into non-destructive testing?
Potential inspectors require a high school
diploma or GED certification at the lever where
the job will place them, and a background in
engineering or related procedures will get into
non-destructive testing.
Is NDT dangerous?
Though NDT testing does not possess hazardous to
testing personnel, however, it does involve
potentially harmful exposures to ultraviolet
radiation, ionizing radiation, or X-rays.
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