Non-Destructive Evaluation

1
Non-Destructive Evaluation
Ultrasound Testing
Team David Drozd Sean Broderick Rick
Eckert Joseph Oagaro
Consultant Michael Ciocco Project
Manager Shreekanth Mandayam
2
Introduction

• Ultrasound Applications
• NDE of metals and composites
• Airplanes, Tanks, Sewer Gas Pipelines
• Customers Needs
• Internal Customer Shreekanth Mandayam
• Effective Composite Scanning to find defect
  geometry, depth, and location
• External Customer
• Future Marketing to airplane and pipeline
  manufacturers
• Previous Work Done
• Ultrasound Testing of Concrete

3
Objectives

• Learn fundamentals in ultrasound testing and
  ultrasound equipment
• Image metal plates with known defects and build
  ultrasound C-scan database
• Scan Kevlar composites to find evidence of
  disbonding and delaminations
• Use Matlab for image processing to estimate
  defect geometry

4
Ultrasonic Inspection

• Project Outline
• Ultrasound Basic
• Metal C-Scans
• Kevlar Composites
• Image Processing
• Project Timescale

5
Immersion Ultrasound Test Station
6
Ultrasound Scanning Basics

• Thru Transmission vs. Pulse Echo
• A-Scan and C-Scan
• TOF and Amplitude

7
A-Scan and Gate Settings

• Settings
• Detection Threshold 40, Gate Width 14.46 us,
  Gate Start 52.40us, Gain 39db

8
Ultrasonic Inspection

• Project Outline
• Ultrasound Basic
• Metal C-Scans
• Kevlar Composites
• Image Processing
• Project Timescale

9
Ultrasound Imaging of Coins
10
C-Scans of 5/16 Metal Plates
5/16 thick metal plate with 3mm defect
5/16 thick metal plate with 7.5 mm defect
11
C-Scans of ½ Metal Plates
½ thick metal plate with 3 mm defect
½ thick metal plate with 6 mm defect
½ thick metal plate with 7.5 mm defect
12
C-Scans of triangle and circle defects
3/8 thick plate with 3/16 circle defect
3/8 thick plate with 3/16 triangle defect
13
Ultrasonic Inspection

• Project Outline
• Ultrasound Basic
• Metal C-Scans
• Kevlar Composites
• Image Processing
• Project Timescale

14
Kevlar

• Kevlar Composites
• Company located in Canada
• There are 2 types of Kevlar
• Pretreated Kevlar
• Non-Pretreated Kevlar
• Delamination

15
Kevlar
First Scans of Kevlar Each scan
1x1 Starting from The right corner
Non-Pretreated Kevlar
16
Kevlar
Non-Pretreated Kevlar
17
Kevlar
Pretreated Kevlar
18
Ultrasonic Inspection

• Project Outline
• Ultrasound Basic
• Metal C-Scans
• Kevlar Composites
• Image Processing
• Project Timescale

19
Image Processing

• Objective
• Determine Geometry of Defects From Experimental
  C-Scan Images
• Use Fourier Descriptors to apply to arbitrary
  defect geometries
• Approach
• Use basic image processing techniques to estimate
  image shape and size

20
Image Processing Approach
Metal Specimen
C-Scan
Adjusted Image
21
Experimental Data
Metal Specimen
Original C-Scan
Image Defect Geometry Actual
Experimental Length 1 in. Length 0.85
in. Width 0.5 in. Width 0.43 in.
Histogram Balancing
Image Smoothing
22
Image Processing Techniques

• Random Defect Geometries
• Determine Fourier Descriptors of perimeter of any
  arbitrary shape
• Insensitive to
• Translation
• Rotation
• Scale Changes
• How to model?
• Develop basic shape images and process
• Circle, Rectangle, Triangle, Ellipse, etc.

23
Project Timescale
24
Future Planning

• Continue Scanning
• Build Database
• Metal, Kevlar, Coins, etc.
• Model Random Defect Geometries
• Continue Processing Research
• Research Paper / Competition

25
Ultrasonic Inspection

• Questions/Comments ?