Density of alcohol outlets and teenage drinking: Outlet density is associated with higher consumptio

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Density of alcohol outlets and teenage drinking
Outlet density is associated with higher
consumption in a metropolitan setting
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Aim

• To examine the relationships between
  environmental, individual characteristics and
  alcohol consumption.
• We did this among a general population sample
  aged 12-17 years

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Study setting

• Auckland region (all 7 District Licensing
  jurisdictions).
• Mostly urban conducted in 2004/2005.

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Methods

• To collect our environmental measures we
• Used some routinely collected data
• We conducted purchase surveys (on off licenses)
  in each District Licensing area.
• To collect individual level measures we
• Conducted a random telephone survey of 12-17 year
  olds
• Response rate for the survey was 74.

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Environmental measures

• Density of alcohol outlets.
• Data supplied by the Liquor Licensing Auth.
• The density measure was the sum of on and off
  licenses within a 10 minute drive.

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Environmental measures

• Willingness to sell alcohol (purchase surveys)
• Conducted in on and off licenses

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Environmental measures

• NZDEP score
• A measure of neighborhood deprivation calculated
  from Census data in NZ.
• Derived from income, employment, communication,
  transport, support, qualifications, living space,
  owning a home.

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Survey data individual level measures

• Frequency of alcohol supplied socially
• Self-reported purchasing from on and off licenses
• Frequency of seeing alcohol ads
• Recall of alcohol brands
• Typical occasion quantity, annual frequency
  frequency of drunkenness
• Demographics

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The multi-level model
Density of alcohol outlets
Willingness to sell
NZDEP Score
Recalling brands
Self-reporting purchasing
Age
Freq. seeing alcohol ads
Gender
Ethnicity
Social supply
Typical occasion quantity
Annual frequency
Frequency of drunkenness
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Results

• Purchase surveys on license
• Sales made
• Rodney 70
• Northshore 84
• Waitakere 50
• Auckland 62
• Manukau 63
• Papakura 29
• Franklin 67
• TOTAL 61

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Results

• Purchase surveys off licenses
• Sales made
• Rodney 57
• Northshore 35
• Waitakere 26
• Auckland 59
• Manukau 26
• Papakura 26
• Franklin 60
• TOTAL 41

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Density Typical occasion quantity

• Frequency of social supply (friends supplied the
  most often)
• Ethnicity
• Outlet density
• Age
• Self-reported purchasing from outlets approached
  significance 0.055

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Density Annual frequency

• Frequency of social supply
• Self-reported purchasing from outlets
• Ethnicity
• Age

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Density Frequency of drunkenness

• Frequency of social supply
• Self-reported purchasing from outlets
• Ethnicity
• Age
• Density of outlets approached significance p
  0.058

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NZDEP models

• NZDEP predicted heavier quantities consumed

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Conclusions

• Outlet density was found to be an important
  element in what is a key public health issue.
• Outlet density is an aspect which is amenable to
  control by public policy and therefore is of
  considerable importance