The GHS The Globally Harmonized System for Hazard Classification and Labelling of Chemicals

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The GHSThe Globally Harmonized System for
Hazard Classification and Labelling of Chemicals

• Basic Course

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1. Concept of the GHS2. Hazard
Classification 2.1 Physical Hazard
Classification 2.2 Health and Environmental
Hazard Classification 3. Labels
and SDS 4. Situation of Chemical Management
in Thailand
Outline
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3. Labels and SDS 3.1 Labels 3.2 SDS
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What is harmonised?

• Labels
• Safety Data Sheets

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Target Groups Sectors

• workplace including pesticides and
  pharmaceuticals
• labels and safety data sheets
• consumers
• labels
• transport
• labels, placards, transport documents
• emergency responders

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Labels

• The Essential Elements
• Symbols, Pictograms and colour
• Signal words
• Hazard statements
• Precautionary information
• Product identifiers/declaration of ingredients
• Precedence of hazard

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Symbols in the GHS

• Standard symbol set used in the UN RTDG model
  regulations
• Fish and tree symbol for environmental hazard
• Exclamation mark for low level health hazard
• Human with crack in a body for chronic health
  hazard

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UNTDG Pictogram
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GHS Symbols
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Pictogram Shape Colour

• Recommendation from ILO Group is that all
  pictograms should be in shape of a square set at
  a point (diamond)
• For transport, pictograms will use the background
  and symbol colour specified in the UNRTDG Model
  regulations
• For supply, pictograms will have a black symbol
  on a white background with a red frame

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GHS Pictogram
Explosives Self-reactive subst. Organic peroxide

Flammable substance Self-reactive substance
Pyrophoric and self- heating substance
Oxidizing substance Organic peroxides
Compressed gas
Sensitization (Respiratory) Mutagenicity
Carcinogenicity Reproductive toxicity Target
organ toxicity
Skin corr. Eye corr. Corrosive to metal
Acute toxicity
Acute toxicity Skin irrit. Eye irrit.
Sensitization (Dermal)
Environmental toxicity
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Some points on GHS Pictograms

• UNRTDG will cover the transport area as they have
  been.
• Competent authority may choose to give suppliers
  and employers discretion to use a black border
  for domestic use.
• Competent authority may allow the use of UNRTDG
  pictograms in other use settings

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Signal Word

• Danger or Warning
• Used to emphasis hazard and to discriminate
  between hazard categories (level of hazard)
• e.g. Acute toxicity category 1 will require
  Danger, category 4 will requireWarning

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Hazard Statements

• A single harmonised hazard statement for each
  hazard category within each hazard class

e.g. Flammable liquid - Category 1
Extremely flammable liquid and vapour
- Category 2 Highly flammable
liquid and vapour - Category 3
Flammable liquid and vapour -
Category 4 Combustible liquid
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Hazard Statements (cont.)

• e.g. Oral Acute Toxicity
• category 1
• Fatal if swallowed
• Category 2
• Fatal if swallowed
• Category 3
• Toxic if swallowed
• Category 4
• Harmful if swallowed
• Category 5
• Maybe harmful if swallowed

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Precautionary Statements

• GHS label should include appropriate
  precautionary information
• The intent is to harmonise precautionary
  statements in the future

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Examples of Precautionary Pictograms
From European Union (COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 92/58/EEC
of 24 June 1992)
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Product Identifier

• Name or number used for a hazardous product on a
  label or in the SDS.
• Unique means by which the substance or mixture
  can be identified within the particular use
  setting
• UN proper shipping name also to be used on the
  package when substance or mixture covered by the
  UN RTDG

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Precedence of hazard
gt
gt
Skin/Eye irritation
Skin/Eye irritation
gt
gt
DANGER
WARNING
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Declaration of Ingredients

• Substances
• chemical identity (name as determined by IUPAC,
  ISO, CAS or technical name)
• Mixtures
• chemical identities of all ingredients
  contributing to acute toxicity, skin or eye
  corrosion, germ cell mutagenicity,
  carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity, skin or
  respiratory sensitisation or TOST
• Competent authority rules for CBI take priority

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Confidential Business Information

• Competent authorities should establish
  appropriate mechanisms for CBI protection. CBI
  will not be harmonized under the GHS.
• The provisions for CBI protection should not
  compromise the health and safety of users.
• CBI claims should be limited to the names of
  chemicals and their concentrations in mixtures.
• Mechanisms should be established for disclosure
  in emergency and non-emergency situations.

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Other (Non-GHS) Information

• Supplemental information
• Competent authority may choose to specify where
  information should appear on the label or allow
  supplier discretion
• Must not impede identification of GHS information

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Allocation of Label Elements
Example Acute Toxicity (Oral)
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Allocation of Label Elements (cont.)
Example Skin Corrosion/Irritation
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Building Block Approach (1)
Example Acute Toxicity (Oral)
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Building Block Approach (2)
Example Explosives
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• Epichlohydrin
• 1-Chloro-2,3-epoxypropane
• CAS No. 106-89-8
• UN No. 2023

Product identifier
EPICHLOROHYDRIN
Example of label component
Pictogram
DANGER
Signal word

• Hazard statements
• Toxic if swallowed
• Toxic in contact with skin
• Fatal if inhaled
• May cause an allergic skin reaction.
• May cause genetic defects.
• May cause cancer
• Cause severe skin burns and eye damage
• Cause serious eye irritation
• Toxic to aquatic life

Hazard statements

• Precautionary statements
• Keep out of reach of children.
• Keep container tightly closed.
• Do not handle until all safety precautions have
  been read and
• understood.
• Wear eye/face protection.
• Wear protective gloves/clothing.
• Wear respiratory protection, as specified by the
  manufacturer.
• Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.
• Use appropriate ventilation.
• Wash thoroughly after handling.

Precautionary statements

• United Nations Co., Ltd.
• 1-1, Peace Ave., Geneva
• Switzerland
• Tel. [phone] Fax. [phone]

Supplier identification
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Safety Data Sheet

• Primarily workplace use
• 16 heading format agreed
• Minimum additional information specified, where
  applicable or available, under the relevant
  headings

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Criteria for SDS production

• For all substances and mixtures which meet the
  harmonized criteria for physical, health or
  environmental hazards under the GHS

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Cut off values/Concentration limits for health
and environmental hazard class
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SDS 16 Headings

• Identification.
• Hazard(s) identification.
• Composition/information on ingredients.
• First-aid measures.
• Fire-fighting measures.
• Accidental release measures.
• Handling and storage.
• Exposure controls/personal protection.

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SDS 16 Headings (cont.)

• Physical and chemical properties.
• Stability and reactivity.
• Toxicological information.
• Ecological information.
• Disposal considerations.
• Transport information.
• Regulatory information.
• Other information.

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Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (1)
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Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (2)
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Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (3)
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Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (4)
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Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (5)
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Characteristics of the 11 chemicals (Physical
Data)
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Physical Data Boiling Point -The temperature at
which a liquid turns to a vapour
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Freezing Point - Temperature at which the liquid
form of a chemical will turn into the solid
form Melting Point - Temperature at which the
solid form of a chemical will turn into the
liquid form Vapour pressure - The higher the
vapour pressure,the more rapidly the material
will change from liquid form to o vapour when
released to the environment.
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Vapour pressure
The amount of released harmful vapors in based on
the chemicals vapor pressure. The greater the
vapor pressure, the greater the yield of
hazardous vapors . Acetone will give off more
vapors then gasoline. Sulfuric acid has a low
vapor pressure and gives off little vapor.
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Vapour density - Density of a gas compared to the
density of air
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Specific gravity - density of a chemical compared
to the density of water. If the specific gravity
is less than one, the chemical will float on
water. If the specific gravity is greater than
one, the chemical will sink.
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Fire and Explosion Data.
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Health Hazard Information
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Water solubility of a chemical the quantity of a
chemical that will mix with or dissolve in water.
Helps to determine many of its toxic effects on
living tissues / Chemicals that are very water
soluble, lead to cellular injury.
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Liquid - gas ratios. The volume of gas produced
by the vaporization of a given volume of liquid
. The volume of gas produced is always greater
than the volume of liquid before vaporization.
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The expansion ratio of a chemical helps to
determine the extent of hazard that the chemical
poses.
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Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (6)
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Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (7)
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Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (8)
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Minimum information for an SDS ingredients (9)
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Label - Examples
Transportation and Workplace Plastic drum
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Label - Examples
Transportation and Workplace Paper box
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Label - Examples
Workplace Paper box
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