The Globally Harmonized System for Hazard Classification and Labeling

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The Globally Harmonized System for Hazard
Classification and Labeling
GHS
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Agenda

• What is GHS
• Compliance Dates
• The new 2012 Hazard Communication
• Labeling Requirements
• Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
• Current HazMat
• Training Requirements

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What is the GHS?

• Globally Harmonized System for Hazard
  Classification and Labeling
• A common and coherent approach to classify
  chemicals for a global economy.
• Specifically defines and classifies hazards for
  chemical substances, dilute solutions, and
  mixtures.
• Communicates information on labels and safety
  data sheets (SDS).
• Provides Infrastructure for Establishment of
  National and International Comprehensive Chemical
  Safety Programs

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Why is the GHS needed?

• To Eliminate the Variation in Chemical
  Classifications and Hazards.
• To Provide Consistency on Phrases Used to
  Indicate the Severity of Hazard Across Different
  Hazard Types.
• To Offer Better Employee Protection
• Information should be conveyed in more than one
  way for comprehensibility and understanding
• Reduces Confusion
• Enhances Understanding of Hazards
• Helps Address Literacy and Language Concerns

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Putting it all Together
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Flammability
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Differences in the way we currently communicate
about the hazards of a chemical
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What GHS Changes

• Classification Criteria Class and Category
• Health Hazards
• Physical Hazards
• Environmental Hazards
• Mixtures
• Hazard Communication
• Labels
• Safety Data Sheets (SDSs)
• Replaces Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs)

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Changes to HazCom Compliance with GHS

• Labels - New Standards
• MSDS - SDS - Extensive Changes
• Added Training on the Labels SDSs
• Keep existing HazCom training programs.
• Add information as it comes into workplace.
• Example Replace MSDSs with SDSs in your
  facilitys book.
• Replace Labels and MSDS Training Sections with
  New Standard.
• Written Program - Mostly Unchanged
• Definitions have changed.
• Still requires review and update.

GHS Does NOT Replace a Facility Specific HazCom
Program
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Who is Affected?

• Manufacturers, Distributors, Importers
• Change SDS information and format.
• Change container labeling.
• Employers
• Training employees on changes to
• SDS (change from MSDS to SDS and 16-section
  format).
• Container Labels (including secondary
  containers).
• Update HazCom training to the new standards.
• Update HazCom written plans to the new standards.
• Employees
• Recognize and understand hazards based on
• Information in new SDS format.
• Pictograms on container labels.
• Precautionary and hazard statements.

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Effective Dates and Requirements
Effective Completion Date Requirement(s) Responsible Party
December 1, 2013 Train employees on the new Label Elements and SDS Format Employers
June 1, 2015 Compliance with all modified provisions of the final rule except as noted with different Effective Dates Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors, and employers
December 1, 2015 The distributor shall not ship containers labeled by the chemical manufacturer or importer unless it is a GHS label Distributor
June 1, 2016 All employers shall, as necessary, update any alternative workplace labeling, update the hazard communication program, and provide any additional employee training for newly identified physical or health hazards. Employers
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Definition Updates

• New
• Hazard classification
• Hazard category
• HNOC (Hazard not otherwise Classified)
• Hazard statement
• Label elements
• Pictogram
• Precautionary statement
• Product identifier
• Pyrophoric gas
• Safety data sheet
• Signal word
• Simple asphyxiant
• Substance

• Revised
• Chemical
• Chemical name
• Hazardous chemical
• Health hazard
• Label
• Mixture
• Physical hazard
• Trade secret

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New Definition Hazard Classification Category

• Specific criteria for classifying
• Health hazards
• Physical hazards
• Environmental Hazards (not regulated by OSHA)
• Hazard Class - Indicates the nature of the
  hazard.
• Hazard Category - The degree of severity within
  each hazard class.
• 1 Most Severe 4 Least Severe

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Health Hazard Classsification

• Acute Toxicity
• Skin Corrosion/Irritation
• Severe Eye Damage / Eye Irritation
• Respiratory or Skin Sensitization
• Germ Cell Mutagenicity
• Carcinogenicity
• Reproductive Toxicity
• Specific Target Organ Toxicity Single Exposure
• Specific Target Organ Toxicity Repeated
  Exposure
• Aspiration Toxicity
• Simple Asphyxiants -Not part of GHS, OSHA
  requirement

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Chemical Classifications Example
Health Hazards Health Hazards Health Hazards Health Hazards Health Hazards
Hazard Class Hazard Category Hazard Category Hazard Category Hazard Category
Most Severe to Least ? Most Severe to Least ? Most Severe to Least ? Most Severe to Least ?
Acute toxicity 1 2 3 4
Skin Corrosion/Irritation 1A 1B 1C 2
Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation 1 2A 2B
Respiratory or Skin Sensitization 1
Germ Cell Mutagenicity 1A 1B 2
Carcinogenicity 1A 1B 2
Reproductive Toxicity 1A 1B 2 Lactation
Specific Target Organ Toxicity Single Exposure 1 2 3
Specific Target Organ Toxicity Repeated Exposure 1 2
Aspiration Toxicity 1
Simple Asphyxiants Single Category Single Category Single Category
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Chemical Classifications Example Physical Hazards

• Explosives
• Flammable Aerosols
• Oxidizing Gases
• Gases under Pressure
• Compressed Gases
• Liquefied Gases
• Refrigerated Liquefied Gases
• Dissolves Gases

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Chemical Classifications Physical Hazards
(continued)

• Flammable Liquids
• Flammable Solids
• Self-Reactive Chemicals
• Pyrophoric Liquids
• Pyrophoric Solid
• Pyrophoric Gases
• Self-heating Chemicals
• Chemicals, which in contact with water, emit
  flammable gases

• Oxidizing Liquids
• Oxidizing Solid
• Organic Peroxides
• Corrosive to Metals
• Combustible Dusts

OSHA Requirement, Not Part of GHS
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Chemical Classifications ExampleEnvironmental
Hazards

• Acute Aquatic Toxicity
• Chronic Aquatic Toxicity

Not Part of OSHA HazMat Requirements
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Labels - Product

• Standardization for all Product Labels.
• Each Label Must Include
• Product Identifier
• Supplier Information
• Signal Word
• Hazard Pictogram
• Hazard Statement
• Precautionary Statement
• Each Label May Include Supplemental Information

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Product Label Elements Example
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Labels Product Identifier and Supplier
Information

• Product Identifier The Name of the Product
• Supplier Information
• Company Name
• Address
• Telephone Number

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Labels Signal Word

• Signal Word
• Quickly Communicates the Relative Severity of the
  Hazard
• Only 2 Signal Words Will Appear
• DANGER (more severe hazard)
• WARNING (less severe hazard)
• Only one signal word is permitted per label
• Not all Labels Will Have a Signal Word
• Some chemicals are not hazardous enough to
  require that a signal word appear on the label

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Labels Pictograms

• There are 9 pictograms. Only 8 are regulated by
  OSHA
• Health Hazards
• Physical Hazards
• Environmental Hazards (Not regulated by OSHA)

Not Part of OSHA HazMat Requirements
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Health Hazard Pictograms
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Physical Hazards Pictograms
Oxidizer
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Labels Hazard Statement

• "Hazard statement" means a statement assigned to
  a hazard class and category that describes the
  nature of the hazard(s) of a chemical, including,
  where appropriate, the degree of hazard.
• There are specific hazard statements that must
  appear on the label based on the chemical hazard
  classification.
• Examples
• Flammable liquid and vapor
• Causes skin irritation
• May cause cancer

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Hazard Statements Class and Severity

• A specific harmonized hazard statement for each
  level (degree of hazard) within each hazard
  class
• Example Flammable liquids
• Category 1 Extremely flammable liquid and vapor
• Category 2 Highly flammable liquid and vapor
• Category 3 Flammable liquid and vapor
• Category 4 Combustible liquid

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Label Precautionary Statements

• "Precautionary statement" means a phrase that
  describes recommended measures that should be
  taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects
  resulting from exposure to a hazardous chemical,
  or improper storage or handling.
• Examples
• Wear respiratory protection
• Wash with soap and water
• Store in a well ventilated place

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Precautionary Statements Additional Information

• Precautionary Statements are not necessarily a
  mandate for employees to follow.
• The employer is to evaluate the precautionary
  statements to determine if these need to be
  followed by employees.
• This decision may be based on several factors

• How chemical used.
• Where it is used (ventilation concerns).
• How much of the chemical is used (quantity).
• Air sampling or testing results (permissible
  exposure limits).
• How long the chemical is used (time).
• Other considerations.

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Precautionary Statement Employer Evalution Example

• A precautionary statement may state - Wear
  respiratory protection
• Employees may not be required to wear a
  respirator based on the employers evaluation of
  the factors previously listed (how, where, how
  much, time)
• (using outdoors)

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Label Other Information (Discretionary)

• Other information that may be included on the
  label
• Physical state
• Color
• Hazards not otherwise classified
• Route of exposure
• Storage and disposal
• Hazard prevention and emergency response
  instructions

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Simple Label
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More Complex Label
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Current Label Example
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New Label Example - DRAFT
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Labels Product In Use in the Workplace (RTU)

• Secondary labeling systems are still permitted
• Must be consistent with the new HazCom standard.
• No conflicting hazard warnings or pictograms.
• May use written materials (e.g., signs, placards,
  etc.) in lieu of affixing labels to individual
  stationary process containers.
• Employer can use GHS compliant labels (same as
  shipping)

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Safety Data Sheets

• Under the new Haz Com Standard, Material Safety
  Data Sheets (MSDS) are now called Safety Data
  Sheets (SDS).
• All SDSs will have a consistent 16-section format
• Flexibility of format removed.
• Classification for health and physical hazards
  based on very specific GHS criteria.

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Safety Data Sheets (SDSs)
16 Part Format in a Specific Order

1. Identification
2. Hazard(s) Identification
3. Composition/Ingredient Information
4. First-aid Measures
5. Fire-fighting Measures
6. Accidental Release Measures
7. Handling and Storage
8. Exposure Controls / Personal Protection

1. Physical and Chemical Properties
2. Stability and Reactivity
3. Toxicological Information
4. Ecological Information
5. Disposal Consideration
6. Transport Information
7. Regulatory Information
8. Other information including date of preparation
   of last revision

Not Regulated by OSHA
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SDS Format
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SDS Format
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SDS Format
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SDS Format
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SDS Format
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SDS Format
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SDS Format
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SDS Format
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SDS Format
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SDS Format
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SDS Format
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SDS Format
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SDS Format
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SDS Format
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vs.
GHS 2012 HCS (OSHA)
Other Existing Systems
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Other Hazard Systems

• HMIS
• Attempts to convey full health warning
  information to all employees.
• Not intended for emergency circumstances.
• NFPA
• Meant primarily for fire fighters and other
  emergency responders.
• Lacks chronic health hazard information because
  the system is meant only for emergency or acute
  (short-term) exposures.
• Department of Defense (DoD) Hazardous Material
  Information Resource System (HMIRS)
• Uses Hazard Characteristic Codes (HCC) to
  classify materials by their primary hazard
  characteristic for the safe segregation and
  storage of hazardous materials.
• There are 10 basic classes defined by letters A
  to Z.
• Others
• Facility specific created.

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How GHS Compares to HMIS and NFPA

• Under GHS HazCom standard, chemical
  classification is a category 4 for the least
  severe and category 1 in the most severe.
• This is OPPOSITE of NFPA and HMIS where 4
  indicates most severe and 1 the least severe.
• GHS hazard category numbers may be noted in SDS.
• Hazard Category Numbers are not required to be
  present on the container label.

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Understand the Number Information Differences
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New HMIS 2013 Format

• New format to compliment GHS
• Avoid confusion with Numbering

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Labels - Shipping

• DOT Requirements are Aligned with GHS 2012.
• Standardization for all Product Labels.
• Each Label Must Include
• Product Identifier
• Supplier Information
• Signal Word
• Hazard Statement
• Precautionary Statement
• Pictograms within DOT Label
• DOT Shipping

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Shipping Label Elements Example
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Pictogram Shape and Color

• For transport (DOT), pictograms will have the
  background and symbol colors currently used
• Blue Health
• Red Fire
• Yellow Reactivity
• White Specific Hazard
• For other sectors, pictograms will have a black
  symbol on a white background with a red diamond
  frame.
• Black frame may be used for shipments within one
  country.
• Where transport pictogram appears - GHS pictogram
  for same hazard should not appear.

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DOT Pictograms
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Other DOT Pictograms(Not Incorporated Into GHS)
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Federal OSHA Resources
Haz Com Web Page www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/index.ht
ml Guide to GHS www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/ghs.html
http//www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/side-by-side.html

• Regulatory
• HCS/HazCom 2012 Final Rule
• HCS Comparison HazCom 1994 and 2012
• http//www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/side-by-side.html
• FAQs
• Guidance
• OSHA Briefs
• Fact Sheet

• Quick Cards
• Labeling
• Safety Data Sheets
• Pictograms

Free to Download In English Spanish
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Summary Action Plans

• Train Employees on New 2012 HCS Labels and SDSs
• Complete by December 1, 2013
• Update SDS Labels
• Manufacturers by June 1, 2015
• Distributors Sell Through Until December 1, 2015
• Update Workplace Labels Facility Specific
  Written Program
• Complete by June 1, 2016

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Training Summary

• Todays training program included
• Overview of changes to the OSHA Hazard
  Communication Standard (HazCom)
• Labeling requirements
• Safety Data Sheets (SDS) format 16 categories
• Resources

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• QUESTIONS ???