Reptiles and Birds

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Reptiles and Birds

• Chapter 31
• Biology
• Auburn High School
• Pgs. 840 863

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31.1 Reptiles

• p. 841 849

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Characteristics of Reptiles

• Class Reptilia
• Means to creep
• First animals to adapt to land
• Have dry scaly skin w/ claws
• Have lungs
• Legs at right angles from body
• Provides greater support and make walking and
  running on land easier
• Most have 3 chambered heart some have 4
  chambered heart (crocodilians)

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Characteristics of Reptiles

• Ectotherms (cold blooded)
• Most are herbivores but some are carnivores
• Internal fertilization (sexually)
• Lay eggs on land (amniotic eggs)
• Provides nourishment and protection to developing
  embryo
• Use sense organs to detect prey or ID chemicals

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Characteristics of Reptiles

• 4 orders
• Squamata (snakes and lizards)
• Lizards live on the ground, burrows, trees or
  water
• Snakes - have no limbs kill prey by constriction
  or venom and swallowing whole
• Chelonia (turtles)
• Protected by a 2-part shell
• Some are aquatic,
  others are terrestrial
• No teeth but powerful jaws
  w/ beak-like structure
• Most are herbivores

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Characteristics of Reptiles

• 4 orders (continued)
• Crocodilia (crocodiles and alligators)
• Crocodiles have long slender snouts
• Alligators have short broad shouts
• Fresh and salt water
• 4 chambered heart
• Rhynchocephalia (tuatara)
• Only survivor of primitive group of reptiles

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31.2 Birds

• Pgs. 852 859

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Characteristics of Birds

• Class Aves
• Feathers, wings and thin
  hollow bones which allow for flight
• Keel shaped sternum
• 4 chambered heart
• Respiratory systems consist of lungs, anterior
  and posterior air sacs
• Endotherms (warm blooded)
• Able to regulate their internal body temperature

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Characteristics of Birds

• Internal fertilization (sexual)
• Amniotic eggs w/ hard shell
• Incubate their eggs (keep at a consistent
  temperature)
• Adaptations of birds
• Feathered legs and feet of ptarmigans
• Modified wings and feet of penguins
• Large eyes, acute sense of hearing and sharp
  claws of owls
• Long beaks of hummingbirds

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Pictures of Birds